TENNESSEE. 



789 



Senate Democrats 25 



Republicans 8 



Democratic majority 17 



House Democrats 74 



Republicans 24 



Green backers 1 



Democratic majority 49 



Democratic majority on joint ballot 66 



EDUCATIONAL. Under the laws of Tennes- 

 see, each county, city, and incorporated town 

 is authorized to levy a tax for school purposes. 

 In the towns and cities good graded schools 

 have been established. The system of free 

 schools is gradually becoming more efficient 

 and more popular. The scholastic population 

 this year was 549,179, of whom 408,364 are 

 white and 140,815 are colored. The number 

 of pupils enrolled was 207,680 white and 56,- 

 676 colored. The average number of days of 

 free school instruction was 73. 



The receipts for the year from the State were $121.438 



The receipts for the year from the counties were 671,257 



The receipts for the year from other sources were. . 149,630 



Total $942,320 



The expenditures during same time were 

 $821,883. The estimated value of school 

 property amounts to $1,078,794. The higher 

 education of the youth of the State is well 

 provided for at the Vanderbilt University, 

 Nashville; Tennessee University, Knoxville; 

 Wesley an University, Athens; Cumberland 

 University, Lebanon ; University of the South, 

 Sewanee; Southwestern University, Clarke- 

 ville ; Southwestern Baptist University, Jack- 

 son ; and Fiske University, for colored stu- 

 dents, Nashville. All the above, except the 

 University of Tennessee, are controlled by 

 some one of the religious denominations. Be- 

 sides these, there are a number of colleges, 

 academies, and well-established private schools. 

 The State Normal College, at Nashville, is de- 

 signed exclusively for the professional educa- 

 tion of teachers and " practice in all grades of 

 instruction." It receives its support from the 

 Nashville University, from the State ($10,000 

 in 1882), and from the Peabody Educational 

 Fund. The contribution from this fund to the 

 public schools of Tennessee, including the Nor- 

 mal College, has been $12,800 during the year 

 ending October, 1882. 



STATE INSTITUTIONS. The benevolent insti- 

 tutions sustained by the State are the School 

 for the Blind and the Asylum for the Insane, 

 at Nashville, and the School for the Deaf and 

 Dumb, at Knoxville, all of which are liberally 

 supported by the State, and are well managed. 

 As is the case in so many other States, the 

 capacity of the Insane Asylum is insufficient to 

 accommodate the number of patients seeking 

 admission. The total cost of the maintenance 

 of the institution for the two years ending De- 

 cember, 1882, was $139,952.27, or at the rate 

 of $69,976.13^ per annum a rate of $176.26 

 per patient per annum. 



In the State-Prison of Tennessee the con- 

 victs are leased to individuals or corporations 

 as in Georgia and other States. The report 



of the Comptroller states that the receipts 

 from the lessees of the Penitentiary for the 

 two years ending December 20th, amounted 

 to $83,042.37. The existing lease will expire 

 early in the next year. A commission was ap- 

 pointed in July, by Governor Hawkins, to con- 

 sider the expediency and expense of removing 

 the Penitentiary beyond the limits of the city, 

 and report to the Legislature. Public opinion 

 in Nashville is strongly in favor of the re- 

 moval. 



MINERAL WEALTH, MANUFACTURES, ETC. 

 The immense mineral wealth of Tennessee con- 

 sists in her vast mines of iron, coal, marble, 

 and zinc. From a small industry, marble-quar- 

 rying has grown so that in one county alone 

 (Knox), capital to the extent of $250,000 is em- 

 ployed in the business, and lesser sums are em- 

 ployed with great profit in several other coun- 

 ties. The income of the -quarries in operation, 

 for 1882, was a fraction under $300,000. The 

 marble is taken out in blocks, by means of 

 drills, and is sold by the cubic yard. The de- 

 mand for it, especially in the North, is exten- 

 sive and rapidly increasing, and, notwithstand- 

 ing the heavy cost of drilling, it is readily sold 

 at prices highly remunerative to the quarry- 

 owners. It is of a grayish-white color, and is 

 as durable as Scotch granite. It can be highly 

 polished, and in the process the various veins 

 and tints of color are brought out. Analysis 

 shows it to contain 98'486 of carbonate of lime, 

 and tests prove its capacity to bear 12,000 

 pounds pressure to the square inch. From one 

 quarry, owned and worked by Messrs. Tripp & 

 Seaman, near Knoxville, specimens of forty va- 

 rieties of marble have been obtained. Orders 

 have been received for the shipment of large 

 quantities to Pennsylvania and other Northern 

 States. The zinc-works at Clinton, Anderson 

 County, turn out 3,000 pounds of metal per 

 day, and other zinc-works are about to be es- 

 tablished at Knoxville. The coal area of the 

 State is 5,100 square miles in extent, embracing 

 the whole of the Cumberland plateau. Through- 

 out this vast region there are from one to seven 

 workable seams of coal. There are fourteen 

 large mines, besides a number of less impor- 

 tance, now being actively worked. The total 

 coal product of the State for the year exceeds 

 600,000 tons. The iron interests are being rap- 

 idly developed. Though the number of fur- 

 naces now engaged in the manufacture of iron 

 is not nearly as large as in former years, the 

 aggregate production is much larger. Four 

 companies, having seven stacks, and using coke 

 as fuel, are producing an aggregate of 500 tons 

 of pig-iron per day. Five furnaces, which use 

 charcoal for fuel, make about 112 tons daily. 

 It is pretended by those interested in iron-mak- 

 ing that iron can be made in Tennessee by the 

 new processes, and put on the cars, at a price 

 not exceeding the cost of the ore at Pittsburg, 

 the difference being in the transportation of 

 the raw material ; and it is confidently antici- 

 pated that, when the manufacture of pig-metal 



