382 



GREECE. 



suggestion of Sir Charles Tapper, the Cana- 

 dian High Commissioner in London, because 

 it would strengthen the advocates of sepa- 

 ration. 



GREECE, a kingdom of southeastern Europe. 

 (For details relating to area, territorial divis- 

 ions, population, etc., see " Annual Cyclopsa- 

 dia " for 1882.) 



Government, The reigning monarch is George 

 I, King of the Hellenes. The Cabinet is com- 

 posed of the following ministers : President of 

 the Council, Minister of Finance and War, Mr. 

 C. Trikoupis ; Justice and Foreign Affairs, since 

 July 21, 1883, Mr. Contostavlos ; Interior, Mr. 



C. Lombardos; Public Worship, Mr. Voulpio- 

 tis, since July 24, 1883 ; Navy, Vice-Admiral 

 Tombazis, since July 21, 1883. 



The President of the Chamber of Deputies is 

 Mr. P. Kalligas. 



The Greek Consul- General at New York is 



D. N. Botassi. The American Consul at the 

 Piraeus is C. Martelaus, and at Patras E. Han- 

 cock. 



Army. The army consists of 30,550 men of 

 all arms, with 72 field-pieces, commanded by 

 1,552 officers, with 5,073 subaltern officers and 

 musicians, and employing 3,548 horses and 

 mules. 



Navy. The navy numbers twenty-three ves- 

 sels, including two iron-clad steamers, two 

 steam corvettes ; eight gunboats, two of which 

 are iron-clad, and six torpedo-boats furnished 

 with seventy torpedoes ; the aggregate tonnage 

 of the fleet being 8,668, of together 6,820 horse- 

 power, mounting seventy-five guns, and manned 

 by 1,608 marines. There are besides three 

 brigs, several coast craft, and fifteen royal sloops. 

 Total number of men enlisted in the navy, 2,- 

 637. There are in course of construction four 

 steam frigates and three steam brigs. Both 

 army and navy are to be transformed after the 

 French model, and the French vice-admiral 

 Lejeune is to reorganize the navy. 



National Indebtedness. The public debt stood, 

 on Jan. 1, 1884, as follows : 



FOREIGN DEBT. 



Loans of 1S24 and 1305, consolidated as per agree- 

 ment of Sept. 4, 1873, and amounting to drachms 

 or francs 30,000,000 



Loan of 1832, guaranteed by Great Britain, France, 

 and Kussia 20,000,000 



Total 50,000,000 



16.400,000 

 8,700,000 



8,278,160 

 16,824,500 



HOME DEBT. 



Indemnity to the islands of Hydra, Spezia, etc. . . 



Indemnity to the heirs of King Otho 



8ix-per-cent. loan of 1862, originally 6,000,000 



drachms 



Nine-per-cent. loan of 1867 and 1868, originally 



28,000,000 drachms 



Eight-per-cent. loan of 1871, originally of 4.000,- 



000 drachms . ..... 



Six-per-cent. loan of 1874, originally 26,000.000. . . 

 Six-per-cent. loan of 1876, originally 10,000,000... 

 Six-per-cent. loan of 1879. originally 60.000,000 . 

 Five per-cent. loan of 1881. originally 120,000,000. 

 Loan to cancel floating indebtedness to banks. . . . 



Total 417,909,160 



In January, 1885, it was announced at Paris 



that the Greek Government Vould soon appear 

 in the European money market with a railroad 

 loan for 120.000,000 francs, which amount rep- 

 resents the railroad bonds that the Government 

 has undertaken to guarantee. 



The principal objectot'thel70,000,000drachm 

 loan being the resumption of specie payments, 

 this measure had been gradually prepared in 

 1884. The syndicate of bankers who had as- 

 sumed the floating of the loan had, early in 

 August, made a pay ment'in advance of 14,000,- 

 000 francs in gold to the National Bank, from 

 Paris, and to other Greek banks in bills on 

 Paris of 4,000,000 francs. In October, a fur- 

 ther amount of 72,000,000 francs was paid to 

 the Ionian Bank and National Bank ; as, how- 

 ever, part of this money was first to be coined 

 into Greek gold coin in Paris, the resumption 

 of specie payments, at first fixed for October 

 15, had to be postponed to Jan. 1, 1885. 



Finance. The Greek budgets for the fiscal 

 years 1883 and 1884 ware as follow, reduced to 

 pounds sterling: 



Latin Monetary Union. The Greek Government 

 gave notice to those of France, Italy, Belgium, 

 and Switzerland that with the close of 1885, 

 when the Latin Monetary Convention will ex- 

 pire, Greece will cease to be a member of it, 

 but that as a matter of courtesy its representa- 

 tives will attend the meetings which till then 

 may be held by the remaining parties to the 

 Union. 



The New Conventional Tariff. The new conven- 

 tional Greek tariff exempts from duty the fol- 

 lowing articles if of Italian, Spanish, or German 

 origin : machine-belting ; wooden pumps and 

 all articles for ships' use ; slate and slate-pen- 



