INDIANA. 



409 



can be introduced which will relieve the defi- 

 cit, the rate of taxation will have to be some- 

 what increased, or a sufficient sum borrowed 

 to meet the exigency. The failure of the gen- 

 eral appropriation bill occasioned great incon- 

 venience to two or three of the public insti- 

 tutions, from the fact that no law could be 

 found under which sufficient provision could 

 be made for them. 



The total taxes for the year ending May 31, 

 1884, were $14,372,553.71. The total value of 

 taxable property of all kinds was $840,481,925. 



The amount of cash in the treasury Nov. 1, 

 1883, was $503,927.19. The receipts from all 

 sources during the year ended Oct. 31, 1884, 

 were $3,783,465.08. The balance in the treas- 

 ury Oct. 31, 1884, was $431,206.59. 



Agriculture. The total value of all farm prod- 

 ucts for 1884, as estimated according to the 

 current market prices, is $1 55,085, 663. 



There are 14,958,347 rods of drain-tile in 

 operation in 1884, against 11,487,814 in 1883; 

 and 384,372 rods of open ditches were reported 

 constructed in 1884. 



The estimated apple-crop for 1884 was 2,- 

 393,133 bushels of summer and fall, and 1,788,- 

 014 bushels of winter apples, giving a total of 

 4,181,147 bushels. 



Mineral Statistics. The mine and quarry prod- 

 uct reported during the year was: 768,376 

 cubic feet of sandstone, 6,012,110 cubic feet o 

 limestone, 1,244,508 bushels of lime burned, 

 362,014 bushels of cement made, 1,722,089 

 tons of coal mined, and 502,115 cubic yards of 

 gravel sold ; value of stone and coal, $2,500,- 

 000. 



Manufacturing. The following is a summary 

 of the manufacturing statistics for the year: 



Number of establishments 12.229 



Capital invested $53,041,949 



Value of raw material 97,267,909 



Value of manufactured product 168,851,872 



Averase number of bands employed 78,924 



Total wages paid $81,273,340 



Railroads. There were added during the year 

 189'30 miles of main track, 7'98 miles second 

 main track, and 65-10 miles of side-track, so 

 that the entire length of railroads now in Indi- 

 ana amounts to 5,429*49 miles of main track, 

 68*52 miles of second main track, and 990'44 

 miles of side-track. The total valuation of all 

 the railroad property in Indiana for 1884 

 amounts to $55,057,687, against $53,480,932 

 in 1883. One hundred and eighty-seven per- 

 sons were killed by railroad accidents in Indi- 

 ana during the year, and 617 were injured. 



Educational. The permanent fund for the 

 support of the common schools of the State 

 amounts now to $9,339,327.58. The increase 

 of the fund during the year from fines, forfeit- 

 ures, and other sources was $65,159.57. The 

 accessions to the fund during the past ten years 

 from the same sources have averaged $62,898.- 

 09 a year. The revenue derived from taxation 

 for the support of schools and from interest on 

 the school funds amounted during the year to 

 $4,488,961.69. The outlay for the mainte- 



nance of schools not including the cost of new 

 school-houses was about $4,000,000. The 

 number of public-school houses in the State is 

 9,664. The number of children of school age, 

 according to the last enumeration, is 722,851. 

 The number who actually attended school dur- 

 ing the year was 501,142. 



A uniform course of study and of final ex- 

 amination of pupils is now pursued in all the 

 Eublic schools of the State. This uniformity 

 as been adopted under a recommendation 

 made last year by a State meeting of county 

 superintendents, and not in pursuance of any 

 requirement of law. 



A continual improvement is being made in 

 school architecture, including mode of heating 

 and ventilation. The embellishment of school- 

 grounds by the cultivation of trees and flowers, 

 through the efforts of teachers and pupils, 

 without expense to the State, is also becoming 

 general. 



The aggregate value of the common- school 

 property of the State is $13,449,479, against 

 $13,019,931 in 1883, being an increase of $429,- 

 548. During the year, 305 new school-houses 

 were built, at a cost of $544,630. The number 

 of teachers is 13,615. 



Insane Asylums. The cost per capita for main- 

 tenance of the insane during the last fiscal year 

 was $177.02, against $194 during the years 

 1882 and 1883, and against $185 during the 

 years 1881 and 1882. Most of this reduction 

 is ascribed to the reduced price of provisions 

 during 1884. 



The Governor calls the attention of the Le- 

 gislature to the following points : 



The experiment of the disuse of mechanical re- 

 straints in the treatment of the insane, begun a little 

 more than a year since, has proved satisfactory, and 

 it is deemed to have teen demonstrated that a hospi- 

 tal for the insane can be managed without confining 

 the inmates in cribs or tyinff them to stationary ob- 

 jects, or using other of the milder mechanical restraints 

 which, until lately, have been usual in American hos- 

 pitals. 



The extensive new building constituting a part of 

 the hospital, designed exclusively for women, was 

 completed on June 2, 1884. 



By the act passed at the last session of the General 

 Assembly, providing for the building of three addi- 

 tional hospitals for the insane, the Governor was re- 

 quired to appoint four commissioners. The commis- 

 sioners selected the sites for the institutionSj and ad- 

 vertised for bids. For building the hospital near 

 Evansville, the lowest bid was $286,585.20 ; for build- 

 ing the hospital near Richmond, the lowest bid was 

 $269,760.93 ; for building the hospital near Logans- 

 port, the lowest bid was $362,802.29. These bids 

 were accepted, but not until provision had been made 

 for considerable reduction of expense to the State, by 

 simplifying the style of architecture, and contracts 

 were entered into accordingly. To reconcile a differ- 

 ence of views among the commissioners, the cottage 

 plan of buildings was adopted at Richmond; a system 

 of detached buildings connected by covered corridors 

 was adopted for the nospital near Logansport : and the 

 congregate plan of building was adopted for the hospi- 

 tal near Evansville. The foundations of the several 

 buildings have been completed. 



State Prisons. The average number of pris- 

 oners at the State Prison North during the 



