OBITUARIES, AMERICAN. 



601 



crabs, which point to Dionysus (Hercules, primi- 

 tive sun-god), after whom the ancient archi- 

 tects were named Dionysian. Perhaps Pon- 

 tius, who moved the obelisks about that time, 

 read the new book, chose the crabs as supports 

 of the monoliths, and erected them while Can- 

 cer was in the ascendant. This is the Greek 

 inscription, found on the outer side of the crab's 

 claw "L. H. KAISAPO8 BAPBAPOS ANE- 

 THHKE APXITEKTONOYNTOS PON- 

 TIOY." This, translated into English, is : " In 

 the year eight of C38sar, Barbarus dedicated, 

 Pontius being the architect." This Latin in- 

 scription is on the inner side of the claw : 

 "ANNO VIIIAVGVSTI CAESARIS BAR- 

 BAR VS PRAEF AEGYPTI POSVIT AEOHI- 

 TEOTANTE PoxTio." 



Lately the idea has been advanced that the 

 Egyptians had some process by which they 

 could mold and petrify the huge blocks in their 

 pyramids, like bricks, tiles, or pottery. But 

 this assertion vanishes when travelers tell us 

 that the quarries whence those monoliths were 

 taken are usually near the ruins ; and the obe- 

 lisk in the granite quarry at Assouan (Syene), 

 adhering on one of its sides to the rock, while 

 the three other sides are worked, dispels such 

 an idea, and shows that the Pharaohs had those 

 large masses not only quarried, but worked on 

 the spot, in order to avoid transporting any 

 surplus of stone. 



OBITUARIES, AMERICAN. Abbot, Ezra, an 

 American biblical scholar, born in Jackson, 

 Me., April 28, 1819; died in Cambridge, Mass., 

 March 21, 1884. He was prepared for college 

 at Phillips Exeter Academy and was graduated 

 at Bowdoin College in 1840. Soon after, he 

 went to Cambridge, and in 1856 he became as- 

 sistant librarian at Harvard College, and was 

 placed in charge of the cataloguing department. 

 In 1872 Dr. Abbot was appointed Bussey Pro- 

 fessor of New Testament Criticism and Inter- 

 pretation in the Divinity School at Cambridge, 

 which chair he held during his life. He re- 

 ceived the degree of LL. D. from Yale College 

 in 1869, and that of D. D. (though he was a 

 layman) from Harvard College in 1872. He 

 was distinguished for extensive scholarship in 

 his special line of study, and was appointed a 

 member of the American company of revisers 

 in connection with the Westminster revision 

 of the New Testament. His latest publication 

 (1880) was a valuable treatise on the external 

 evidences of the authorship of St. John's gospel. 

 Dr. Abbot was a Unitarian, and contributed 

 freely to the chief periodicals of that denomina- 

 tion. He also furnished papers for the " North 

 American Review," and the "Journal of the 

 American Oriental Society." 



Anthony, Henry Bowen, a United States Sen- 

 ator, born in Coventry, R. I., April 1, 1815 ; 

 died in Providence, R. I., Sept. 2, 1884. He 

 was of Quaker ancestry. He was educated at 

 Brown University, graduating in 1833, and five 

 years later assumed editorial charge of the 

 "Providence Journal," and subsequently became 



one of its proprietors. He was elected Gov- 

 ernor of Rhode Island in 1849, re-elected in 

 1850 and then declined being a candidate for 

 a third term. On leaving the Governor's chair, 

 he again devoted himself to editorial work. In 

 1859 he was elected Uaited States Senator, 

 succeeding Philip Allen, a Democrat, and this 

 office he held thenceforward to the time of his 

 death. He was elected President pro tempore 

 of the Senate in March, 1863, and again in 

 March, 1871, serving four years in that capaci- 

 ty. He was also elected to that post in Jan- 

 uary, 1884, but declined serving, on the ground 

 of infirm health. During Mr. Anthony's long 

 senatorship, he was twice chairman of the 

 Committee on Printing, and introduced numer- 

 ous reforms in the management of the Govern- 

 ment printing-office. He was a member of 

 several important committees on Claims, on 

 Naval Affairs, on Mines and Mining, and on 

 Post-Offices and Post-Roads. He was a mem- 

 ber of the national committee appointed to ac- 

 company the body of President Lincoln to Illi- 

 nois. Though not a brilliant man, and not often 

 heard in debate, Senator Anthony was looked 

 upon as possessing strong common sense and 

 sterling integrity. His course in the Senate 

 was such as to win for him friends on both 

 sides of that body, and as " father," or oldest 

 member, of the Senate, he was welcomed every- 

 where, and was personally very popular in 

 Washington. 



Appleton, Thomas Gold, an American scholar, 

 born in Boston, Mass., March 31, 1812 ; died in 

 New York, April 17, 1884. His early training 

 was at the Boston Latin School, where he was 

 prepared for college. He entered Harvard, 

 where he had among his classmates J. L. Mot- 

 ley, Wendell Phillips, and other distinguished 

 men, and was graduated in 1831. Mr. Apple- 

 ton spent much of his time abroad. He was 

 a liberal patron of the fine arts, and gave 

 efficient aid to various institutions, including 

 the Public Library, the Institute of Technolo- 

 gy, and the museums at Boston and Cambridge. 

 He was an amateur painter of superior merit, 

 and his water-color sketches of scenes on the 

 river Nile are quite famous. Mr. Appleton 

 was author of several books in prose and verse. 

 In poetry his " Faded Leaves " have been much 

 praised. In prose he published his "Nile 

 Journal," "Syrian Sunshine," "Windfalls,", 

 and other works. Pie was founder of the Bos- 

 ton Literary Club, was highly esteemed for his 

 genial temper and courteous manners, and was 

 looked upon by those who knew him as un- 

 rivaled for wit and humor. A volume of his 

 "Life and Letters," prepared by Susan Hale, 

 was published in New York in 1885. 



Armstrong, Col. Henry B., an American soldier, 

 born in New York city, May 9, 1792; died in 

 Red Hook, Dutchess county, N. Y., Nov. 10, 

 1884. He was a son of Gen. John Armstrong, 

 Secretary of War under Madison. His early 

 years were spent in France, where his father 

 was American minister to the court of the first 



