OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. 



615 



historical, and philosophical libraries, he em- 

 ployed the best pens in England. He com- 

 piled hand-books of games, proverbs, and ge- 

 ography, and edited " Lowndes's Manual," the 

 " Bibliotheca Parriana," and Addison's works. 

 He was an active member of the Society of 

 Antiquaries, a collector of works of art, and, 

 after retiring from business, an amateur of rare 

 plants. 



Bnccleneh, Walter Francis Montague Douglas Scott, 

 fifth Duke of, born Nov. 25, 1806; died at 

 Dalkeith Palace, near Edinburgh, the place of 

 his birth, April 16, 1884. He was the eldest 

 son of the fourth duke, and succeeded to the 

 dukedom April 20, 1819. He received his edu- 

 cation at Eton and at St. John's College, Cam- 

 bridge. He took an active part in the House 

 of Lords as a Conservative, was Lord Privy Seal 

 in 1842-'46, and was President of the Council 

 in Robert Peel's second administration. The 

 Duke was well known as the friend of Sir Wal- 

 ter Scott and the Ettrick Shepherd, and as a 

 princely patron of art and letters. He was the 

 richest of the Scottish nobles, possessing half 

 a million acres and the magnificent estates of 

 Bowhill, Drumlaurig, and Dalkeith. Montague 

 House, his London residence, is among the first 

 houses in England. Throughout his long life 

 he stood at the head of the class called by Dis- 

 raeli "the high nobility." Mr. Gladstone, 

 during his Midlothian campaign, invariably 

 spoke in the highest terms of Buccleuch. In 

 his opening speech he said, " He is in all re- 

 spects what a British nobleman should be, and 

 sets us all an example in the active and consci- 

 entious discharge of duty." The Duke was suc- 

 ceeded by his eldest son, William Henry Wal- 

 ter Scott, born Sept. 9, 1831, who for twenty 

 years has been a member of Parliament. 



Byron, Henry James, an English dramatist, 

 born in Manchester in January, 1834 ; died in 

 London, April 18, 1884. He was the son of 

 the English consul at Port-au-Prince. He left 

 the bar, to write for the stage, and became one 

 of the most successful of English writers of 

 comedy. In depicting London vulgarity and 

 in humorous dialogue he was unrivaled. His 

 dramas are loosely constructed representations, 

 usually of domestic life, enlivened by bright 

 dialogue and farcical incidents. Among the 

 long list of his works, " Cyril's Success " is one 

 of the most thoughtful, and " Our Boys " the 

 most successful. 



Calverley, Charles Stnart, an English author, 

 born in 1831; died in London, Feb. 17, 7884. 

 He was a barrister in London, but gave his lei- 

 sure largely to light literature, and was for sever- 

 al years a lecturer at Cambridge. He published 

 "Translations into English and Latin" (1866); 

 "Verses and Translations" (1871); and "Fly- 

 Leaves" (1872). The last-named were mainly 

 parodies on the styles of well-known living au- 

 thors, and were so exceedingly clever as to 

 make parody almost a fine art. His books 

 passed through many editions in England, and 

 a volume containing all but the translations 



was published in New York. His rendition of 

 Theocritus has been especially praised. 



Cetewayo, ex-King of Zululand, died atEkowe, 

 of heart-disease, Feb. 8, 1884. (For the prin- 

 cipal details of his life, see the " Annual Cyclo- 

 paedia " for 1882.) In the battle with Usibepu, 

 in 1883, he was wounded. The English ar- 

 rested him on the neutral territory, and kept 

 him a prisoner at Ekowe. He made several at- 

 tempts to escape. 



Chenery, Thomas, an English journalist, born 

 in the Barbadoes, in 1826 ; died in London, 

 Feb. 8, 1884. He was educated at Oxford, 

 was called to the bar, and was sent to Con- 

 stantinople as correspondent of the London 

 " Times." He acquired a remarkable collo- 

 quial and philological knowledge of Oriental 

 languages, and after his return to England, aft- 

 er the Crimean War, besides writing leading 

 articles and reviews for the "Times, 1 ' he made 

 translations from the Arabic and assisted in 

 the revision of the Old Testament. In 1868 

 he became Professor of Arabic at Oxford. He 

 still remained on the staff of the " Times," and 

 when Mr. Delane's health failed, in 1867, suc- 

 ceeded him as editor. 



Costa, Sir Michael, an Italian composer, born 

 in Naples, Feb. 4, 1810 ; died in West Brighton, 

 April 29, 1884. He composed operas and sa- 

 cred pieces at a very early age. At the age of 

 nineteen he went to England to conduct a 

 cantata written by his master, Zingarelli, for 

 the Birmingham Festival. The committee re- 

 fused his services, but, remaining in England, 

 he soon obtained an appointment as orchestral 

 leader, and became the favorite conductor of 

 orchestral and choral concerts. He did much 

 to confirm the English admiration for Handel. 

 Among his principal compositions are the ora- 

 torios " Eli " and " Naaman." 



Cowley, Earl, an English diplomatist, born in 

 1804 ; died in London, in July, 1884. He was 

 the son of Baron Cowley, the younger brother 

 of the Duke of Wellington and the Marquess 

 Wellesley. His life from his twentieth year 

 was spent in the diplomatic service, in which 

 profession his father won his title, to which 

 he succeeded in 1847. In 1857 he was made 

 an earl. He was an attache at Vienna in 1824, 

 served in various grades at the Hague, Stutt- 

 gart, Constantinople, and Frankfort, and was 

 appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Min- 

 ister Plenipotentiary to France Feb. 15, 1853. 

 In arranging the alliance and the plan of joint 

 operations in the Crimean War, in the con- 

 clusion of the Treaty of Paris in 1856, where 

 he was associated with Lord Clarendon, in 

 the embarrassing Orsini affair of 1858, in the 

 period of tension that followed the outbreak 

 of the Austrian War in 1859, after the fail- 

 ure of his attempted mediation, which be- 

 came acute when France annexed Nice and 

 Savoy, and in the negotiation in association 

 with Cobden of the reciprocity of 1860, by 

 which the cordial relations between France 

 and England were restored and strengthened, 



