OBITUARIES, FOREIGN". 



621 



of the monarchy and sang the praises of the 

 popular King and of the authors of Italian unity. 

 Aside from his political poems, Prati presented 

 an idealization of human nature in his " Ed- 

 menegarda," " Armando," and other creations. 



Rlchter, Adrian Lndwig, a German artist, born 

 in Dresden, Sept. 28, 1803 ; died June 19, 1884. 

 He learned drawing and engraving from his 

 father, and studied art in Rome. For forty 

 years he was a landscape-painter and professor 

 of that branch in the Dresden Art Academy. He 

 was commissioned by the publisher Wigand to 

 illustrate a series of the German legendary tales, 

 and devoted himself from that time to figure- 

 drawing, and became the most successful illus- 

 trator in Germany. His sketches of the homely 

 life of the people were even more popular than 

 his illustrations of the German classics. Lud- 

 wig Richter drew in few and strong lines, like 

 Albert Diirer, and revived that master's style 

 of wood-engraving, giving the impulse to Hugo 

 Burckner and his school. 



Rogers Bey, an English Orientalist and an of- 

 ficial of the Egyptian Government, born in 

 1831; died in Cairo, June 10, 1884. After 

 serving as British consul in Damascus and 

 Cairo, he became the Khedive's representative 

 in London, and subsequently Under-Minister 

 of Education, Inspector of Prisons, and Di- 

 rector of the Sales of Public Lands. lie pub- 

 lished monographs on Egyptian heraldry and 

 Arabic coins, and was the leading member of 

 the commission for the preservation of monu- 

 ments in Cairo. 



Romanz, Jo'nni Jakob, a Swiss poet, born in 

 Gsteig, in 1830 ; died in September, 1884. He 

 was educated for the law, and then for the 

 military profession, received a commission in 

 the Federal army, served in the Crimean War 

 in the Foreign Lsgion raised by Great Britain, 

 and on his return tried law, journalism, and 

 literature by turns. He published " Ost und 

 West," his first collection of poems, in 1851, 

 afterward five volumes of novels and legends 

 under the name of " Bergcrystalle," and in 

 1882 his poem called " Herbstbluraen." His 

 poems are full of patriotic enthusiasm for the 

 Swiss mountains, and contain graphic descrip- 

 tions of nature and touches of human feeling. 



Rouher, Eagae, ex-minister of Napoleon III, 

 born in Riom, Nov. 30, 1814; died Feb. 3, 

 1884. He entered the naval school at Angou- 

 leme in 1828, subsequently studied law, de- 

 fended a Liberal editor, and was a candidate 

 under Guizot's auspices for the Chamber in 

 1846. He was elected in 1848 as an enthusi- 

 astic Republican to the Constituent Assembly, 

 and a year later to the Legislative Assembly. 

 He supported Cavaignac, and then became a 

 confidant of Louis Napoleon, who chose him 

 as chief of Cabinet when he broke with the 

 Dufaure-Barrot ministry of the parliamentary 

 majority in Oatober, 1849. Until the fall of 

 the empire, Rouher almost uninterruptedly re- 

 mained minister. He resigned the portfolio of 

 Justice Jan. 24, 1851, and after the coup d'etat 



received it again December 2. The confiscation 

 of the estates of the Orleans princes led him. 

 to resign, but he returned as Minister of Fi- 

 nance in 1855. In 1860 he concluded the fa- 

 mous treaty of commerce with England. From 

 1863 he took the first part in the Government, 

 and was dubbed the u Vice-Emperor." Against 

 Favre, Berryer, and Thiers he had to defend 

 the policy of the Government in the Mexican, 

 Schleswig-Holstein, and Roman complications. 

 When the Opposition returned in greater force 

 after the election of 1869, Napoleon dismissed 

 the Rouher ministry, July 13. In 1871 Rouher 

 was elected to the National Assembly from 

 Corsica, and took the lead of the Bouapartists, 

 with a cry for a plebiscite. He was elected 

 later from Riom, and remained the leader of 

 the party and the adviser of the ex-Empress 

 until the death of the Prince Imperial. 



Schmidt, J. F. Julias, a German astronomer, 

 born in Eutin, Oct. 26, 1825 ; died in Athens, 

 Feb. 7, 1884. He was attracted to the subject 

 of astronomy in childhood, and passed his 

 whole life in observatories. For thirty - five 

 years he labored on a map of the moon. His 

 observations of shooting - stars, the zodiacal 

 light, and variable stars were valuable; also his 

 studies in seismology and of the volcanoes of 

 the south of Europe. He was for many years 

 director of the observatory at Athens. 



Sella, Qnintino, an Italian statesman, born in 

 Biella, July 7, 1827 ; died there, March 14, 1884. 

 He studied in the Turin University and in the 

 Paris School of Mines, and, after traveling 

 abroad for several years, settled as a teacher in 

 the Mining Academy at Turin. In 1861 De 

 Sanctis, Minister of Instruction in the first Ca- 

 vour Cabinet, made him his secretary-general. 

 From March 3 to Dec. 8, 1862, Sella held the 

 portfolio of Finance in the Ratazzi ministry, 

 and also under La Marmora from Sept. 28, 

 1864, to Dec. 31, 1865. He was again Minister 

 of Finance from Dec. 14, 1869, to July 10, 

 1873, in the Lanza Cabinet, of which he was 

 the intellectual head. After the withdrawal 

 of the French troops from Rome, the Left 

 called upon the Government to take possession 

 of the Papal dominions. The ministers re- 

 fused, whereupon the Liberal leaders prepared 

 a proclamation calling for popular action. Sel- 

 la persuaded them to wait, and finally over- 

 came the scruples of his colleagues. After the 

 battle of Sedan the Italian troops occupied 

 Rome, and the temporal sovereignty of the 

 Pope was extinguished in the ancient capital. 

 Sella was not less distinguished in science, es- 

 pecially in geology, than as a statesman. 



Smith, Robert Angus, an English chemist, born 

 near Glasgow, in 1817; died at Colwyn Bay, 

 May 11, 1884. Dr. Smith was^educated at the 

 grammar-school and at the University of Glas- 

 gow. His early fondness was for classical 

 study, and on leaving the university he became 

 a tutor. In 1839 he left England, and studied 

 chemistry under Liebig at thetlni versity of Gies- 

 sen. Hofmann, Will, and Fresenius, names that 



