258 



CONGRESS. (SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SENATE.) 



Missouri. 



Francis M. Cockrell, 

 George G. Vest. 



Nevada. 

 James G. Fair, 

 John P. Jones. 



New Jersey. 

 William J. Sewell, 

 John E. McPherson. 



North Carolina. 

 Matthew W. Ransom, 

 Zebuion B. Vance. 



Oregon. 



Joseph N. Dolph, 

 James H. Slater. 



Rhode Island. 

 Nelson W. Aldrich, 

 Jonathan Chace. 



Tennessee. 

 Howell E. Jackson, 

 Isham G, Harris. 



Vermont. 

 Justin 8. Morrill, 

 George F. Edmunds. 



West Virginia. 

 Johnson N. Camden, 

 John E. Kenna. 



Nebraska. 



Charles H. Van Wyck, 

 Charles . Manderson. 



Neao Hampshire. 

 Austin F. Pike, 

 Henry W. Blair. 



New York. 

 Warner Miller, 

 William M. Evarts. 



Ohio. 



John Sherman, 

 Henry B. Payne. 



Pennsylvania. 

 J. D. Cameron, 

 John J. Mitchell. 



South Carolina. 

 Matthew C. Butler, 

 Wade Hampton. 



Texas. 



Samuel Bell Maxey, 

 Richard Coke. 



Virginia. 

 William Mahone, 

 Harrison H. Kiddleberger. 



Wisconsin. 

 Philetus Sawyer, 

 John C. Spooner. 



Messrs. Bayard, Garland, and Lamar were 

 appointed to Cabinet offices, and in place of 

 the last named E. C. Walthall was sent as Sen- 

 ator frona Mississippi before the close of the 

 session. 



On the organization of the Senate, March 4, 

 the persons entitled to admission on the floor 

 0f the Senate-chamber having been admitted 

 to the places reserved for them, the President, 

 Hon. Grover Cleveland, of New York, entered 

 the Senate-chamber, accompanied by the late 

 President, Hon. Chester A. Arthur, and Mr. 

 Sherman, Mr. Eansom, and Mr. Hawley, mem- 

 bers of the committee of arrangements, and 

 was escorted to a seat in -front of the Secre- 

 tary's desk, and the late President and the 

 members of the committee were seated on his 

 right and left. The Vice-President then an- 

 nounced that the Sergeant-at-Arms would exe- 

 cute the order of the Senate relative to the in- 

 augural ceremonies of the President of the 

 United States, and those in the Senate-cham- 

 ber proceeded to the platform on the central 

 portico of the Capitol. There President Cleve- 

 land delivered the following inaugural address : 



FELLOW-CITIZENS : In the presence of this vast as- 

 semblage of my countrymen I am about to supple- 

 ment and seal by the oath which I shall take the 

 manifestation of the will of a great and free people. 

 In the exercise of their power and right of self-gov- 

 ernment they have committed to one of their fellow- 

 citizens a supreme and sacred trust ; and he here con- 

 secrates himself to their service. 



This impressive ceremony adds little to the solemn 

 sense of responsibility with which I contemplate the 

 duty I owe to all the people of the land ; nothing can 

 relieve me from anxiety lest by any act of mine their 

 interests may suffer, and nothing is needed to strength- 

 en my resolution to engage every faculty and effort in 

 the promotion of their welfare. 



Amid the din of party strife the people's choice was 

 made ; but its attendant circumstances have demon- 

 strated anew the strength and safety of a government 



by the people. In each succeeding year it more clear- 

 ly appears that our democratic principle needs no 

 apology, and that in its fearless and faithful applica- 

 tion is to be found the surest guarantee of good gov- 

 ernment. 



But the best results in the operation of a govern- 

 ment, wherein every citizen has a share, largely de- 

 pend upon a proper limitation of purely partisan zeal 

 and effort, and a correct appreciation of the time when 

 the heat of the partisan should be merged in the pa- 

 triotism of the citizen. 



To-day the executive branch of the Government is 

 transferred to new keeping. But this is still the Gov- 

 ernment of all the people, and it should be none the 

 less an object of their affectionate solicitude. At this 

 hour the animosities of political strife, the bitterness 

 of partisan defeat, and the exultation of partisan tri- 

 umph, should be supplanted by an ungrudging acqui- 

 escence in the popular will, and a sober, conscientious 

 concern for the general weal. Moreover, if, from this 

 hour, we cheerfully and honestly abandon all section- 

 al prejudice and distrust, and determine, with manly 

 confidence in one another, to work out harmoniously 

 the achievements of our national destiny, we shall de- 

 serve to realize all the benefits which our happy form 

 of government can bestow. 



On this auspicious occasion we may well renew the 

 pledge of our devotion to the Constitution, which, 

 launched by the founders of the republic, and con- 

 secrated by* their prayers and patriotic devotion, has 

 for almost a century borne the hopes and the aspira- 

 tions of a great people through prosperity and peace, 

 and through the shock of foreign conflicts and tlie 

 perils of domestic strife and vicissitudes. 



By the Father of his Country our Constitution was 

 commended for adoption as "the result of a spirit of 

 amity and mutual concession." In that same spirit 

 it should be administered, in order to promote the 

 lasting welfare of the country, and to secure the full 

 measure of its priceless benefits to us and to those 

 who will succeed to the blessings of our national life. 

 The large variety of diverse and competing interests 

 subject to Federal control, persistently seeking the 

 recognition of their claims, need give us no fear that 

 " the greatest good to the greatest number " will fail 

 to be accomplished if in the halls of national legisla- 

 tion that spirit of amity and mutual concession shall 

 prevail in which the Constitution had its birth. If 

 this involves the surrender or postponement of private 

 interests and the abandonment of local advantages, 

 compensation will be found in the assurance that thus 

 the common interest is subserved, and the general 

 welfare advanced. 



In the discharge of my official duty I shall endeavor 

 to be guided by a just and unstrained construction of 

 the Constitution, a careful observance of the distinc- 

 tion between the powers granted to the Federal Gov- 

 ernment and those reserved to the State or to the 

 people, and by a cautious appreciation of those func- 

 tions which, by the Constitution and laws, have been 

 especially assigned to the executive branch, of tlie 

 Government. 



But he who takes the oath to-day to preserve, pro- 

 tect, and defend the Constitution of thelJnited States 

 only assumes the solemn obligation which every pa- 

 triotic citizen, on the farm, in the workshop, in the 

 busy marts of trade, and everywhere, should share 

 with him. The Constitution which prescribes his 

 oath, my countrymen, is yours ; the Government you 

 have chosen him to administer for a time is yours ; 

 the suffrage which executes the will of freemen it 

 yours ; the laws and the entire scheme of our civi 

 rule, from the town-meeting to the State Capitols ai 

 the national Capitol, is yours. Your every voter t as 

 surely as your Chief Magistrate, under the same higli 

 sanction, though in a different sphere, exercises 

 public trust. Nor is this all. Every citizen owes to 

 the country a vigilant watch and close scrutiny of it 

 public servants, and a fair and reasonable estimate oJ 

 their fidelity and usefulness. Thus is the people * 



