440 



GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. (COMMERCE.) 



in 1883; 4,699 emigrated to Cape Colony in 

 1884, and 12,696 to other places. The num- 

 ber of immigrants in 1884 was 123,466, and 

 in 1883 100,503, making the net emigration 

 only 180,435 in 1884, as compared with 296,- 

 654 in 1883. Of the emigrants in 1883, 320,- 

 118 were of British origin, of the immigrants 

 73,804. Of the emigrants in 1884, 242,179 were 

 of British origin, comprising 147,660 English, 

 21,953 Scotch, and 72,566 Irish. Of the Irish 

 emigrants nearly 60,000 went to the United 

 States. The total number of emigrants in 1884 

 comprised 181,555 males and 122,346 females; 

 but in the Irish emigration there was a slight 

 preponderance of females, who numbered 36,- 

 310 to 36,256 males. 



Commerce. The total value of imports in 1883 

 was $2,134,457,895, against $2,065,098,040 in 

 1882. The exports of British products amounted 

 to $1,198,997,365, against $1,207,335,810; the 

 exports of foreign and colonial products to 

 $328,187,985, against $325,967,760; total ex- 

 ports $1,527,185,350, against $1,533,303,570. 

 The imports from foreign countries in 1884 

 were $1,641,050,370 in value; from British 

 possessions, $493,407,525 ; the exports to for- 

 eign countries, $1,075,180,745; to British pos- 

 sessions, $452,004,605. The import and export 

 trade with the leading commercial nations is 

 shown in the following table : 



The imports of cattle in 1883, valued at $46,- 

 661,210, were 474,750, an increase of 131,051 

 head as compared with 1882; the imports 

 of sheep were in number 1,116,115, in value 

 $12,591,910. Of bacon and hams the importa- 

 tion was 3,695,992 cwt., valued at $50,181,630, 

 an increase of 791,583 cwt. ; of beef, 1,094,008 

 cwt., increase 401,625 cwt. ; total value, $14,- 

 471,985; of butter and butterine, 2,334,473 

 cwt., increase 164,756 cwt., value $58,869,665 ; 

 of cheese, 1,799,704 cwt., increase 105,081 cwt., 

 value, $24,452,000. The importation of wheat 

 was 64,138,631 cwt., valued at $157,272,405, a 

 decrease of 102,118 cwt. ; of wheat-flour, 16,- 

 329,312 cwt., value $61,723,890, an increase of 

 3,271,909 cwt. The imports of corn, barley, 

 and other grain were $116,647,795 in value. 

 The imports of raw cotton were 15,485,121 

 cwt., valued at $225,211,480, a decrease of 

 444,443 cwt. The imports of lard were 853,- 



541 cwt., valued at $11,235,080, increase 196,- 

 388 cwt. ; of pork, 376,899 cwt., value $3,809,- 

 355, increase 86,312 cwt. The imports of re- 

 fined sugar were 3,283,920 cwt., valued at 

 $22,343,085, an increase of 517,797 cwt; of 

 unrefined sugar, 20,366,627 cwt., value $102,- 

 366,185, increase 527,452 cwt. The imports 

 of unmanufactured tobacco were 56.475,199 

 Ibs., value $8,874,830, an increase of 20,399,- 

 829 Ibs. The imports of copper-ore were 163,- 

 781 tons, value $14,681,040, increase 11,713 

 tons; of copper, 38,097 tons, value $12,068,- 

 965. The imports of petroleum were 70,526,- 

 996 gallons, value $10,851,490, increase 10,- 

 831,014 gallons. Of wool 494,428,802 Ibs. 

 were imported, valued at $124,328,190, an in- 

 crease of 9,498,478 Ibs. ; of tea, 222,262,431 

 Ibs., value $57,712,655, increase 11,599,298 Ibs. ; 

 of hewn timber, 2,152,868 loads, value $28,- 

 615,189, increase 130,212 loads; of split and 

 sawn timber, 4,315,622 loads, increase 117,311, 

 value $52,055,650. The values of other leading 

 imports were as follow: wine, $27,259,765; 

 hides, $19,014,310; coffee, $24,682,325 ; jute, 

 $22.642,145; flax and linseed, $23,934,515. 



The value of the cotton imports from the 

 United States was $160,439,745, an increase of 

 $24,141,595 ; of the wheat imports, $67,001,575, 

 a decrease of $28,912,365; of flour, $41,151,- 

 880, a decrease of $10,629,465 ; of maize, $34,- 

 301,945, an increase of $25,670,235 ; of cattle, 

 $17,686,815, an increase of $12,179,450; of 

 bacon and hams, $39,502,605, an increase of 

 $6,628,720; of beef, $13,371,490, an increase of 

 $4,754,730; of cheese, $13,478,520; of wood, 

 $58,715,180; of petroleum, $10,389,675, an in- 

 crease of $2,003,635 ; of lard, $9,969,945, an 

 increase of $1,458,255 ; of oilseed cake, $7,- 

 265,765, an increase of $1,297,290. In the 

 imports of butter and tobacco from the United 

 States there was a large increase, and a slight 

 increase in tallow and pork, while those of 

 timber, cheese, fish, hops, meat, leather, tur- 

 pentine, and skins, showed a slight falling off. 



The imports of bacon and hams in 1869 

 were 2-68 Ibs. per head of the population, and 

 in 1883 they were 10-96 Ibs. The consump- 

 tion of foreign butter in 1883 was 7'18 Ibs. 

 per capita, as compared with 4-52 Ibs. in 1869 ; 

 of foreign eggs the number consumed was 26"- 

 40, as compared with 14-38 ; of foreign cheese 

 the consumption increased from 3 -52 to 5 -51 

 Ibs.; that of imported corn and flour from 

 155-85 to 250-77 Ibs. ; that of sugar from 42'56 

 to 71-74 Ibs. ; that of tea from 3;63 to 4-80 Ibs. 



The leading exports of British products in 

 1883 were as follow : 



