MINERAL WATERS. 



599 



valley of the French Pyrenees, 2,064 feet above 

 sea-level. There are no less than seventy-seven 

 thermal springs, some of which contain iron ; 

 they offer a greater variety of constitution and 

 of medicinal utility than any other known sul- 

 phur springs. The bracing mountain climate 

 makes warm under-clothing necessary. Almost 

 every form of skin-disease is cured or relieved 

 by these waters, including the secondary and 

 tertiary forms of syphilitic manifestation ; 

 and laryngitis, bronchitis, chronic rheuma- 

 tism, and scrofulous affections also often yield 

 to them. 



Bareges is a mountain village, situated at a 

 height of 4,042 feet above sea-level in a wild 

 valley of the French Pyrenees, and overhung 

 by ice-clad peaks. There are twelve springs ; 

 the action of the water is very effective, espe- 

 cially in scrofulous affections ; and in old gun- 

 shot-wounds they have such curative value that 

 a military hospital is maintained here by the 

 French Government. 



The Blue Lick Springs (upper and lower) in 

 Nicholas county, Ky., are excellent sulphur wa- 

 ters, aperient and alterative, and useful in 

 liver engorgements, dyspepsia, and pharyngitis ; 

 used as baths they have the action of their class 

 upon skin-diseases. 



The Salt Sulphur Springs, Monroe county, 

 W. Va., contain iodine and bromine, and 

 purging sulphates. They are useful in scrofu- 

 la, enlargements of the liver, and in herpetic 

 skin-diseases. They are given both internally 

 and in baths. 



Cauterets is a finely appointed place, situated 

 in another high valley of the French Pyrenees. 

 There are twenty-four springs and nine differ- 

 ent establishments, the highest 3,763 feet above 

 sea-level. The waters are stimulating to the 

 skin; and they are particularly effective in 

 the cure of malarial complaints of all kinds, of 

 chronic respiratory catarrhs and laryngitis, 

 and the dyspepsia of persons who are inclined 

 to phthisis. 



The waters of Clifton Springs, New York, are 

 useful in diseases where, to the ordinary indica- 

 tions for the use of a calcic sulphur water, 

 those for disease of the bladder are added. The 

 place is one of the best appointed as to bathing 

 conveniences of any in the United States. 



Eaux-Bonnes, a village in the French Pyre- 

 nees, 2,454 feet above sea-level, a small village, 

 has no less than a dozen hotels and a bathing 

 establishment of the first class. The waters 

 are sulphureted sodium, both cold and ther- 

 mal, and were formerly much employed in the 

 cure of old wounds. Chronic laryngitis, or 

 clergyman's sore throat, and many other affec- 

 tions of the respiratory passages, are treated 

 with success at Eaux-Bonnes, and even the 

 phthisis of lymphatic subjects, especially when 

 hereditary and not far advanced. 



The Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs, in 

 Greenbrier county, W. Va., are a good aperi- 

 ent and alterative water. The place is well ap- 

 pointed, and is much frequented by pleasure- 



seekers. Skin-diseases, lead-poisoning, and dys- 

 pepsia are treated here with success. 



The Red Sulphur Springs, in Monroe county, 

 W. Va., are sedative to the arterial action. They 

 allay pulmonary irritation, and are given with 

 decided benefit in chronic bronchitis, chronic 

 pharyngitis, and chronic laryngitis; while in 

 the earlier stages of phthisis they are often of 

 value. In small doses they are cathartic, in 

 large doses diuretic. There is a hotel at the 

 springs. 



Richfield Springs, Otsego county, N. Y., 

 is a calcic sulphur water, useful in chronic 

 rheumatism, and in those skin disorders which 

 depend, upon diseases of the digestive tract. 

 The accommodations are insufficient, as is too 

 often the case in American watering-places, but 

 the springs have become very popular within a 

 few years. 



The Santa Barbara Springs, Santa Barbara 

 county, Cal., are thermal sulphur waters, use- 

 ful in chronic rheumatism, skin-diseases, and 

 in the later stages of syphilis. They are seven 

 in number, and 1,450 feet above sea-level. 

 The climate of the region is very equable, 

 though not free from high winds and dust. 

 There is a hotel. 



Sharon Springs, Schoharie county, N. Y., 

 are a mild sulphur water, long used in the 

 relief of cutaneous disorders. The place is 

 attractive and fairly well appointed. 



Uriage, in the -department of the Isre, in 

 southeastern France, is situated in a charming 

 valley of the Dauphine. The springs have 

 been known since the Roman epoch, and the 

 magnificent bathing establishment stands upon 

 Roman foundations. The waters are probably 

 the most perfect example known of saline-sul- 

 phurous waters, constipating in small amounts 

 and laxative in larger. They act principally 

 upon the mucous membranes and the skin; 

 scrofula, rheumatism, and nearly all of the 

 dermatoses, especially among the younger pa- 

 tients, generally yield to them. 



The Yellow Sulphur Springs, Montgomery 

 county, Va., are fine calcic-sulphur waters, and 

 of late years have been considerably frequented. 

 There is a hotel, and fairly good arrangements 

 for bathing exist. 



4. Chalybeate Waters. Bath Alum Springs, 

 Bussang, Cooper's Well, Elster, Franzensbad, 

 Pyrmont, Rawley Springs, Rockbridge Alum 

 Springs, Schooley's Mountain Springs,. Schwal- 

 bach, Spa. 



Chalybeate or iron waters are essentially 

 tonic and alterative; they reproduce the red 

 globules of the blood, and are indicated in 

 chlorosis, anemia, scrofula, chronic diarrhoea, 

 and the exsanguine condition that follows hem- 

 orrhages. They tend to produce constipation, 

 and in order to be easily digested they should 

 contain carbonic-acid gas. 



The following are among the more valuable 

 chalybeate waters: 



The Bath Alum Springs, Bath county, Va., 

 contain from 1-8 to 2-7 grains to the pint of the 



