628 



NEWFOUNDLAND. 



and publishing Swedenborg's works in Italian; 

 Sweden, where the recognition of the Church 

 by the Government had been secured; and 

 East Prussia, where the New Church doctrines 

 had been preached in German and Polish. The 

 receipts of the Board of Missions had been 

 $2,151. The board reported concerning mis- 

 sionary work in Texas, Canada, East Tennes- 

 see, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Georgia, and 

 concerning assistance which it had given to 

 churches and missionaries in foreign countries. 

 The Committee on the Publication of Sweden- 

 borg's Manuscripts (in Latin) reported that, 

 with the completion of the plates of the " Apoc- 

 alypsis Explicata," the fifth volume of which 

 will contain the appended treatises " De Divino 

 Amore " and " De Divina Sapientia," and the 

 so-called posthumous treatise " De Domino," 

 and the sixth volume, the indexes ; and of the 

 plates of the u Canones " and " De Nova Hiero- 

 solyma," and the indexes to the missing trea- 

 tise " Sapientia Angelica de Conjugio," all that 

 the Printing and Publishing Company regarded 

 itself as now able to do with the Latin work 

 was brought to a conclusion. Besides these 

 works, the little treatise " De Caritate " and 

 the " Apocalypsis Revelata " had been pub- 

 lished some time previously. In reply to a 

 communication suggesting the establishment 

 of a home for aged New Church people, the 

 Convention declared that, in its opinion, the 

 "time had not yet come when such an enter- 

 prise could be entered upon with any hope of 

 success." 



NEWFOUNDLAND. The Census. The census 

 of 1884 gives the population of Newfound- 

 land and Labrador as 197,589. Of these, 122,- 

 259 are Protestants and 75,330 Catholics; 4,211 

 reside on the Labrador coast, and of these 

 1,347 are Esquimaux. The population has in- 

 creased 21'70 per cent, since 1874. 



Governor. Sir John Hawley Glover, Gov- 

 ernor of Newfoundland, died in London, on 

 Sept. 30. He was first appointed in 1876, 

 and five years later was made Governor of 

 the Leeward Islands. In 1884 he was again 

 appointed Governor of Newfoundland. 



Finances. The revenue of the colony for 1884 

 was $1,170,602, being $81,385 less than in 1883 ; 

 the difference being due to decrease in the im- 

 ports of flour, pork, tobacco, and tea. There 

 was a surplus of $73,958. The interest on the 

 public debt amounted to $88,286. A 4 per cent, 

 loan of $600,000 for the construction of a dry 

 dock was issued at par. 



The Fisheries. The take of codfish this sea- 

 son approached a fair average, but prices were 

 the lowest obtained for many years, owing to 

 depression in the European fish-markets. The 

 seal-fishery was unusually successful. On the 

 whole, the season was a great improvement 

 on the previous one. A disastrous storm on 

 the coast of Labrador in October made great 

 havoc in the fishing-fleet. The exports of 

 dried codfish for the year ending July 31, 

 1884, were 1,733,417 quintals, the largest on 



record. The prices averaged about $4.60 a 

 quintal. The next largest export was in 1874, 

 when 1,609,724 quintals were exported. The 

 seal-fishery of 1884 resulted in a catch of 233,- 

 587 seals, one of the worst on record, a fair 

 average being 400,000. 



Foreign Relations. At the expiration of the 

 fishery clauses of the Washington Treaty cm 

 July 1, 1885, the United States tariff on fish 

 and oils had to be imposed on imports of those 

 articles from Great Britain and her colonies, in- 

 cluding Newfoundland and Canada. The Cana- 

 dian Government immediately imposed similar 

 duties on imports of fish and oil into Canada, 

 and the tariff operated not only against the 

 United States but against Newfoundland. In 

 Newfoundland this was held to be a great in- 

 justice, inasmuch as Canadians enjoy the privi- 

 lege of fishing in Newfoundland waters. The 

 Legislature therefore passed an act providing 

 for the imposition of special duties upon cer- 

 tain articles imported from countries the fish- 

 ermen of which have the privilege of taking 

 fish on the coast of Newfoundland and its de- 

 pendencies, and in which countries duties are 

 or shall* hereafter be levied upon fish and the 

 produce of the fisheries exported from this col- 

 ony. The tariff is as follows: flour, 75 cents a 

 barrel; pork, $1.50 a barrel ; butter, 75 cents 

 a 100 pounds; tobacco, $5 a 100 pounds; kero- 

 sene, 5 cents a gallon ; corn-meal, 52 cents a 

 barrel. The Canadian exporters brought strong 

 pressure to bear upon the Dominion Govern- 

 ment to induce it to come to terms with New- 

 foundland; but, owing to the pressure of do- 

 mestic business, it was not until several steam- 

 ers from Montreal had been prevented from 

 landing their cargoes at St. John's that the 

 Canadian Minister of Customs ordered the du- 

 ties on Newfoundland fish and oils to be sus- 

 pended, and the old and satisfactory trade rela- 

 tions between the island and the Dominion were 

 resumed. Sir Ambrose Shea visited Washing- 

 ton, and arranged for trade relations between 

 Newfoundland and the United States to remain 

 unaltered until Congress had the Washington 

 Treaty under consideration. The imports from 

 the United States in 1883 were $2,839,302 ; the 

 exports only $392,543. 



The Anglo-French Commission appointed in 



1884 to adjust the claims of France on the west 

 shore of Newfoundland came to an understand- 

 ing in November, 1885, and an agreement was 

 signed. The treaty under which the inland was 

 ceded to England by France reserved to the 

 French fishermen the right to land and dry fish 

 on the west shore. France claims that these 

 privileges belong solely to the French, and 

 until recently claimed sovereign rights on the 

 shore. 



Religions Difficulties. The recent history of 

 Newfoundland is largely made up of struggles 

 between Catholics and Orangemen. The year 



1885 opened inauspiciously, the relations be- 

 tween the two factions having been particu- 

 larly strained since the fatal conflict at Harbor 



