670 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. 



Strathnairn, Lord (the Right Hon. Hugh Hen- 

 ry Rose, Baron Strathnairn), born in Berlin, 

 March 8, 1803; died in London, Oct. 16, 1885. 

 He was the third son of Sir George H. Rose, 

 British Minister to Prussia at that time. The 

 youth was educated in Berlin, and entered the 

 British Army at the age of seventeen. After 

 attaining the rank of lieutenant colonel, he 

 became successively consul-general in Syria 

 and charge d'affaires at Constantinople. He 

 saw active service during the Crimean TVar, 

 where he was severely wounded. During the 

 mutiny of 1857 in India, the command of the 

 Central Army was bestowed upon him. His 

 rapid marches and numerous victories won for 

 him much renown. For his valuable services, 

 which culminated in the capture of Jhansi, he 

 received tho thanks of Parliament. He suc- 

 ceeded Lord Clyde as commander-in-chief in 

 India, and directed the amalgamation of the 

 English forces with the armies of the late East 

 India Company, at the same time reforming 

 many long-standing abuses. He resigned in 

 1865, and soon afterward was placed in com- 

 mand of the British forces in Ireland. In 1870 

 he resigned, and took his place in the House 

 of Lords, having in 1866 been raised to the 

 peerage as Baron Strathnairn. In 1877 he 

 was made a field-marshal, being regarded as 

 the ablest general in the British army. Hugh 

 Rose was a preux chevalier of the old school, 

 and had a rare faculty of finding out merit 

 in a subordinate. On witnessing Victor Hugo's 

 theatrical funeral he remarked, "I hope no 

 fuss will be made over me when I die." This 

 request was remembered, and the old marshal 

 was buried without unnecessary pomp. He 

 was a bachelor, and his title expired with him. 



Sullivan, Sir Edward, Lord Chancellor of Ire- 

 land, born in Mallow in 1822; died in Dublin, 

 April 13, 1885. He was educated at Trinity 

 College, Dublin, was called to the bar in 1848, 

 was appointed Solicitor-General in 1865, and 

 represented Mallow in Parliament from that 

 year till 1870. He became Attorney-General 

 in 1868, and piloted through Parliament the 

 Irish Church Act and the first Land Act. He 

 was appointed Master of the Rolls in 1870, and 

 Lord High Chancellor in 1883. 



Thomas, Sidney Gilchrist, an English metallur- 

 gist, born in 1849 ; died in Paris, Feb. 1, 1885. 

 He entered the civil service, but devoted his 

 leisure time to chemical research. In 1878 he 

 announced the discovery, made jointly with 

 his friend Gilchrist, of the basic process for 

 the elimination of phosphorus from steel in 

 Bessemer converters. 



Thoms, William John, an English antiquary and 

 editor, born in London, Nov. 16, 1803; died 

 there, Aug. 18, 1885. He began life as a clerk 

 in the secretary's office of Chelsea Hospital, 

 and used his leisure hours in contributing to 

 the " Quarterly Review " and other periodi- 

 cals. In 1838 he was elected a member of the 

 Society of Antiquaries, and from that year till 

 1877 he was Secretary of the Camden Society. 



His first work, " A Collection of Early Prose 

 Romances," appeared in 1828, and his latest 

 on " The Longevity of Man," in 1873. Between 

 those dates he wrote or edited numerous pub- 

 lications, including an edition of Stow's "Lon- 

 don." He was the projector in 1849 of " Notes 

 and Queries," which he carried on successfully 

 for many years, and on his retirement from the 

 editorship in 1873 he was honored with a pub- 

 lic dinner. From 1863 till 1882 he was Deputy 

 Librarian of the House of Lords. 



Tso Tsnng-Tang, a Chinese statesman, born in 

 1812 died Sept. 4, 1885. After the Tapping 

 rebellion he reduced to subjection and order 

 the revolted districts in Central Asia from 

 Kansu to the borders of Cashmere. This great 

 achievement gave him a higher reputation 

 among his countrymen than has been acquired 

 by any other Chinaman since Tseng-Kwofan. 

 Upon his return from the pacification of the 

 frontier provinces, the treaty ceding to Russia 

 the Hi district was submitted to him for his 

 advice. He wrote a memorial declaring war 

 to be preferable to the ratification of so dis- 

 graceful an instrument. The Russians, who 

 had reason to avoid a contest with Tso's army 

 of veterans that was on the spot, conceded 

 all that was demanded. Tso Tsung-Tang was 

 given a place on the Tsung-li-Yamen. The 

 straightforward and imperious soldier soon 

 got into difficulties both with the foreign en- 

 voys and with the officials of the court. He 

 proposed to put a stop to the Indian opium- 

 traffic, and promised to suppress the cultiva- 

 tion of the poppy in China as he had already 

 done in Kansu, by sending his soldiers to tear 

 up the plants. He insulted Sir Thomas Wade, 

 and drew from the palace officials many me- 

 morials complaining of his rude and arrogant 

 conduct. At last he was promoted to be Vice- 

 roy of Nankin and superintendent of the south- 

 ern trade, the highest office in the empire out- 

 side of the capital. He resigned on account of 

 ill-health, but was intrusted after the outbreak 

 of French hostilities with the superintendence 

 of the defenses of the southern frontier and the 

 seaboard. He was intensely conservative by 

 nature and opposed to the innovations pro- 

 posed by his rival, Li Hung Chang, yet before 

 his death he is reported to have advocated the 

 introduction of railways, in order to increase 

 the military strength of the empire. Tso 

 Tsung-Tang was rigidly honest, and free from 

 the various forms of peculation that are com- 

 mon among Chinese administrators. He was 

 a sufferer from disease for several years before 

 his death, and frequently petitioned to be r< 

 tired from public service, but the Empress ir 

 variably refused his request, granting him only 

 a leave of absence for recuperation, until with- 

 in a few weeks of his decease, when he was 

 suffered to resign. He was a Grand Secretary 

 of the Empire and Senior Guardian to the Heir 

 Apparent. 



Valles, Jnles, a leader of the Paris Commune, 

 died Feb. 14, 1885. He was condemned to 



