14 



ANARCHISTS. 



" Arbeiter-Zeitung " office, and in the cellar of 

 Engel's house. Evidence was given that the 

 article in the "Arbeiter-Zeitung," headed 

 " Blood," was in the handwriting of Schwab, 

 who was an associate of Spies upon that paper. 

 Concerning Fielden, an officer testified that 

 at the approach of the police at the Hay mar- 

 ket, he exclaimed: "Here come the blood- 

 hounds! You do your duty, and I'll do mine ! " 

 He said that, just as Capt. Ward was ordering 

 the crowd to disperse, Fielden got down from 

 the wagon and, saying, " We are peaceful," 

 drew his revolver and fired point-blank at 

 Bonfield, Ward, and the other officers. It was 

 at this moment that the bomb exploded. 



The evidence against Lingg was given by 

 the informer, Seliger, a member of a Socialist 

 group and recording secretary of the Carpen- 

 ters 1 Union. The bombs were made in Seli- 

 ger's house, under the supervision of Lingg. 

 Seliger said he did not work at his trade on 

 Tuesday. Lingg came on that day. He had 

 previously told Lingg that he wished to have 

 the bombs taken away from his house. In 

 reply, Lingg told him to work diligently, and 

 the bombs would be taken away that after- 

 noon. Seliger went to work, drilling holes in 

 the shells and filling them. Lingg went to 

 a meeting, came back about one o'clock, 

 and complained that Seliger had not worked 

 hard enough; and, when Seliger replied that 

 he had no pleasure in the work, Lingg said 

 that they would have to work harder in the 

 afternoon. He said the bombs were to be 

 used that evening, and ought to be completed ; 

 they would make good "fodder" for the capi- 

 talists. In the evening Lingg and Seliger car- 

 ried the trunk containing the bombs away 

 from the house. They were met by Socialists, 

 who opened the trunk and helped themselves 

 to bombs. As they passed the Larrabee Street 

 police-station, Lingg said it would be a beauti- 

 ful thing to throw in a bomb. Then a patrol 

 wagon approached, and Lingg said that would 

 be a good opportunity. When Seliger said he 

 thought not, Lingg became much excited and 

 asked for a light from his cigar. Seliger 

 lighted a match, taking time about it, so as to 

 give the wagon time to pass. Lingg wanted 

 to follow the wagon. Lingg showed the wit- 

 ness a copy of the " Arbeiter-Zeitung," con- 

 taining the word " Ruhe," and said it was a 

 signal for a meeting of armed Socialists on the 

 west side. The two then went to a saloon 

 where there were several other Socialists, one 

 of whom said to Lingg, "You are the cause 

 of it all." They were then told of the Hay- 

 market affair. Lingg said nothing at the mo- 

 ment, but on the way home said that even 

 now he was scolded and gibed at for the work 

 he had done, and that his brothers in the cause 

 did not appreciate him. They hid their bombs 

 under the sidewalk. 



Evidence was produced connecting Spies, 

 Schwab, and Fischer with the throwing of the 

 bomb. A witness testified that just before 



the explosion he saw Spies hand a package to 

 Schnaubelt, the missing Anarchist, who threw 

 the bomb. He was walking in Randolph 

 Street when the Haymarket meeting was as- 

 sembling. He was near the wagon, when he 

 saw Spies and Schwab pass into the alley. He 

 heard the words " pistols " and " police " used 

 by them, and heard one of them ask the other 

 whether " one would be enough." They came 

 out of the alley and went westward along 

 Randolph Street, when they were presently 

 joined by a third man, whom the witness 

 recognized from a photograph as Schnaubelt. 

 The three then turned and started toward the 

 Haymarket, the witness following them close- 

 ly. He saw Spies hand Schnaubelt something, 

 which the latter put into his pocket. A mo- 

 ment later he heard Schwab say, " Now if 

 they come, give it to them ! " and Spies reply, 

 " I don't think we can, for they won't give us 

 a chance to-night." Another witness, Gilmer, 

 testified that when Fielden was speaking, he 

 was standing at the mouth of the alley near 

 the wagon. He saw a man descend from the 

 wagon and join a group of four or five persons 

 standing in the alley. At that moment some 

 one cried, " The police are coming ! " Then 

 the man who had left the wagon and joined 

 the group in the alley, lighted a match and 

 placed it against something held in the hand 

 of one of the group, whereupon a fuse began 

 to sizzle, and then immediately the bomb was 

 thrown. The witness recognized a picture of 

 Schnaubelt as that of the thrower of the bomb. 

 He recognized Spies as the man that left the 

 wagon and lighted the fuse, and Fischer as a 

 member of the group. 



Fischer was arrested at the " Arbeiter-Zei- 

 tung" office. He was armed with a revolver 

 and a long knife. It was 'shown that he had 

 written the words at the head of one of the 

 Anarchist circulars, " Workingmen, arm your- 

 selves and appear in full force ! " Neebe dis- 

 tributed the " Revenge " circulars. 



The defense endeavored to set up a new 

 theory regarding the throwing of the bomb. 

 It was, that the bomb did not come from the 

 group in the alley near the wagon, but arose 

 thirty feet south of the wagon, and was hurled 

 through the air in a northwesterly direction, 

 and therefore in a manner toward the speak- 

 ers' wagon. Testimony was adduced to show 

 that Spies and Schwab did not go into the 

 alley previous to the opening of the meeting 

 Witnesses were examined to prove that it was 

 the police who began the shooting after the 

 explosion, and not the Anarchists ; but these 

 witnesses were usually shown, on cross-exami- 

 nation, to have been members of Anarchist or 

 Socialist organizations. The defense also im- 

 peached the veracity of Gilmer, the witness 

 who swore to seeing Spies light the fuse of the 

 bomb. Several of the defendants were placed 

 upon the stand to testify in their own behalf. 



Judge Gary made an elaborate ch.-irge to the 

 jury, in which he repeated the instruction to 



