ANARCHISTS. 



ANGLICAN CHURCHES. 



15 



which allusion has already been made. He 

 said that if any one of the defendants attempt- 

 ed to overthrow the law by force, and threw 

 the bomb, then the defendants who were in 

 the conspiracy were guilty of murder. If there 

 was a conspiracy, and the defendants were 

 party to it, they were guilty of murder, al- 

 though the date of the culmination of the con- 

 spiracy had not been fixed. The impractica- 

 bleness of the aims of the defendants was im- 

 material. He said that the jury might bring 

 in a verdict of manslaughter in the case of any 

 one or of all of the prisoners. 



The jury retired after the judge's charge, 

 and, on the next morning, August 20, gave 

 in their verdict, which was as follows : u We, 

 the jury, find the defendants August Spies, 

 Michael Schwab, Samuel Fielden, Albert R. 

 Parsons, Adolph Fischer, George Engel, and 

 Louis Lingg guilty of murder, in the manner 

 and form charged in the indictment, and fix 

 the penalty at death. We find the defendant 

 Neebe guilty of murder in the manner and 

 form charged in the indictment, and fix the 

 penalty at imprisonment for fifteen years." 

 The verdict was cheered by the crowd out- 

 side the court-house, and was received with 

 great satisfaction by the people of Chicago. 



Perhaps the defendants were not all of them 

 the cruel wretches they appeared. They had 

 been for a long time, in their meetings and 

 newspapers, advocating the use of dynamite. 

 Their newspapers referred to it as " this pow- 

 erful agent ot civilization " ; and not only did 

 these organs recommend its use in general 

 terms, but they offered practical suggestions 

 regarding the best methods of manufacturing 

 it, as the following extract from one of them 

 will show : "Dynamite is the stuff, and don't 

 you forget it ! Enough of it to fill your vest- 

 pocket has power to do more for the wage- 

 slaves of this country than a bushel-basket full 

 of ballots. Fill a piece of gas-pipe with good 

 stuff, plug up the ends, insert a fuse and cap, 

 touch it off, and introduce it among a lot of 

 rich loafers, and there will be a cheerful scat- 

 tering of unemployed capitalists that will be 

 felt for some time." They have been long 

 talking in this way, but when the thing has at 

 last been done, and real murders have been 

 committed, they seem to be rather taken aback. 

 Vanity has probably had quite as much to do 

 with their actions as malice or a sense of op- 

 pression. It has been said by some one that 

 the attraction of assassination to the poor man 

 is that, when armed with this instrument, he 

 may at least not be despised. When Engel's 

 wife visited him in prison, and chided him for 

 having placed himself in such a position, he 

 wept and said : " I am cursed with eloquence. 

 Louise Michel suffered for a cause. She is a 

 woman. I am a man, and will stand it like a 

 man." When the extract about dynamite, 

 above quoted was read in court, the prisoners 

 seemed to be greatly amused by the wit of it. 

 Their theatrical and impudent behavior during 



the trial no doubt bore against them. Cer- 

 tainly the feeling against them in Chicago was 

 very strong. The sufferings of the brave po- 

 licemen had evidently touched the popular 

 heart. The prosecution at one time during 

 the trial introduced in evidence a coat, show- 

 ing many rents, which had been worn by a 

 policeman whom the bomb had wounded in a 

 number of places. The defense, asserted that 

 the purpose of introducing the coat was to 

 affect the jury, to which the State's attorney 

 replied that, if he had really wished to move 

 the jury, he would have brought the officer 

 and exhibited his wounds. The prosecution 

 was ably conducted. The result of this trial 

 seems to show that a campaign of dynamite, 

 on the part of the discontented classes, can 

 not be waged with much prospect of success. 



ANGLICAN CHURCHES. Statistical Reports and 

 Finances. The "Official Year-Book of the 

 Church of England " gives the following sum- 

 mary of voluntary offerings devoted, during 

 the year 1884, to the building, restoration, and 

 furnishing of churches, the endowment of bene- 

 fices, the building of parsonage-houses, and the 

 enlargement of burial-grounds. Grants re- 

 ceived from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners 

 and Queen Anne's bounty are excluded : 



The " Official Year-Book " further gives the 

 following summary of the voluntary contribu- 

 tions of the Church for the funds and purposes 

 named for the twenty-five years, 1860 to 1884: 

 For theological schools and education of can- 

 didates, 528,653; for church building and 

 restoration, etc., 35,175,000 ; for home mis- 

 sions, 7,426,478 ; for foreign missions, includ- 

 ing missionary colleges, etc., 10,100,000; for 

 elementary education, 21,362,041 ; for circu- 

 lation of literature, etc., 987,841 ; for church 

 institutes, 71,660; for charitable work (dis- 

 tinctively Church of England institutions), 

 3,818,200; for clergy charities, general and 

 diocesan, 2,103,364 ; total, 81,573,237. The 

 summary is inclusive of and confined to socie- 

 ties and institutions organized and adminis- 

 tered by the Church of England alone. From 



