68 



AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 



060- through other seaports besides Trieste, 

 38,355,380 ; across the frontier of Russia, 28,- 

 318 910: of Servia, 17,229,920; of Switzerland, 

 5,992,790; of Turkey, 262,280; of Montene- 

 gro, 8,440 florins. The leading classes of arti- 

 cles exported in 1883 were as follow : 



Value, in 



ARTICLES. Florins . 



Ce>realg ........................ 120,778,700 



Textile manufectures'and' materials 

 Animals and animal produce 

 Woad,coa),and turf 



San;: 



Fruits and vegetables 



IxMth.T and leather manufactures 



Wooden ware 



Iron and manufactures of iron 



The value of the gold and silver exported in 

 1883 was 4,154,080 florins. 



The value of Austrian manufactured prod- 

 ucts in 1880 was estimated at $500,000,000. 

 The quantities and values of the principal min- 

 eral products in 1884 were as follow : 



The value of pig iron produced in Austrian 

 furnaces in 1884 was 23,723,730 florins; the 

 total value of all metals produced, 31,733,183 

 florins. The production of pig-iron in Austria- 

 Hungary increased by rapid stages from about 

 400,000 tons in 1879 to 780,000 tons in 1884, 

 but, owing to over-supply, fell off to 760,000 

 tons in 1885. The iron-masters hoped in the 

 new ten years 1 treaty to secure an advance of 

 50 per cent, in the iron duties, which would 

 cause the already greatly reduced importations 

 to cease altogether. 



AgritDltnre. The productive area in Austria 

 proper in 1883 was 56,697,000 acres, divided 

 as follows : Arable, 25,700,000 acres ; meadow, 

 7,476,000 ; vineyards, 521,000 ; forests, 23,000,- 

 000. About 60 per cent, of the population 

 depend on agriculture. The number of land- 

 owners paying 1,000 florins of land tax and 

 above in a single district increased from 1,110 

 to 1,133 between 1880 and 1883. 



Of the total cultivable area of Hungary, 52,- 

 800,000 acres were in 1883 devoted to agri- 

 culture, grass, and pasture, 1,062,500 to vine- 

 \-nl>, ;uid the remainder to woods and forests. 

 The number of properties exceeding 14,200 

 acres was 231 ; between 1,420 and 14,200 

 anres, 4,605 ; between 285 and 1,420 acres, 13,- 

 718; between 42 and 285 acres, 118,981 ; be- 

 tween 7 and 42 acres, 2,348,610. 



Railroads. There were, on Jan. 1, 1885, in 

 the Cisleithan monarchy, 2,177 miles of state 



railroads, 929 miles of companies' lines oper- 

 ated by the Government, 52 miles of Govern- 

 ment lines worked by companies, and 5,031 

 miles owned and worked by companies ; total, 

 8,189 miles. In the Hungarian monarchy the 

 state operated 4,452 miles of its own and 1,209 

 miles of companies' lines, and companies, 52 

 miles belonging to the state, and 7,888 miles 

 of their own lines. There were 568 miles of 

 new roads constructed during 1884 by the Aus- 

 trian Government, which sets apart 12,885,000 

 florins in the budget of 1885-'86 for the build- 

 ing of additional railroads during the year. In 

 Hungary the Government has diminished the 

 rate of contraction for the present, in order to 

 avoid budget deficiencies. 



Telegraphs. The length of telegraph lines in 

 Austria in 1884 was 23,630 miles, of wires 

 61,310 miles; the number of messages trans- 

 mitted, 6,683,056. The receipts in 1883 were 

 4,053,360 florins; expenditures, 3,646,400. 



In Hungary there were 10,082 miles of 

 lines, and 36,755 miles of line in 1884; num- 

 ber of messages, 3,487,838 ; receipts in 1883, 

 1,766,250 florins; expenditures, 1,759,350 

 florins. 



In Bosnia and Herzegovina there were 1,730 

 miles in 1884; messages in 1883, 296,962. 



Navigation. The merchant marine in 1885 

 consisted of 62 steamers in the foreign trade, 

 tonnage, 67,412 ; 76 coasting steamers, tonnage, 

 13,506 ; and 9,068 sail- vessels of all kinds, ton- 

 nage, 243.540. The fleet of the subsidized Aus- 

 tro-Hungarian Lloyd line of steamers, trading 

 between Trieste and the East through the Suez 

 Canal, comprises 84 vessels, of 69,818 tons. 



There were 62,045 vessels, of 7,657,317 tons, 

 entered, and 61,970 vessels,'of 7,641,314 tons, 

 cleared at Austro-Hungarian ports in 1883. Of 

 the total tonnage, 87 per cent, was Austrian. 



The Post-Office. The Austrian post-office in 

 1883 forwarded 335,633,500 letters and post- 

 cards, 47,986,400 circulars and patterns, 81,- 

 302,500 newspapers, and 33,927,000 parcels. 

 The receipts were 20,020,730 florins ; expendi- 

 tures, 16,473,730 florins. 



The Hungarian post-office- forwarded 104,- 

 501,260 letters and post-cards, 14,182,086 cir- 

 culars and patterns, 43,118,002 newspapers, 

 and 10,576,580 parcels. Receipts, 7,908,400; 

 expenditures, 6,051,860 florins. 



The Army. Military service is universal and 

 obligatory. The term of service is three years 

 with the colors, seven in the reserve, and two 

 in the Landwehr. The empire is divided into 

 102 recruiting districts, each furnishing a regi- 

 ment of infantry. Tyrol and Vorarlberg form 

 a separate district, and raise the regiment of 

 Tyrolean Jagers. The Austrian military sys- 

 tem has been introduced in the occupied prov- 

 inces, which are organized in four recruiting 

 districts separate from the others. The Adri- 

 atic coast provinces are also separately or- 

 ganized, and furnish the naval recruits. The 

 strength of the Austro-Hungarian army in 1886 

 was as follows: 



