BRAZIL. 



95 



The cotton shipments from Maceio during 

 the year ended June 30, 1886, were: to Liv- 

 erpool, 23,393 bales ; coastwise, 3,752 bales- 

 total, 27,145 bales. 



Tobacco shipments from Bahia from Jan. 1 

 to Sept. 10 were 163,901 seroons, against 173,- 

 744 during the corresponding period last year. 



The American trade with Brazil exhibits 

 these figures : 



The apparent decline is attributable exclu- 

 sively to lower prices. 



At Rio de Janeiro, in 1885, the exports 

 amounted to $42,000,000, and the imports to 

 $25,000,000. The trade with leading Euro- 

 pean nations through the port of Rio compared 

 as follows : 



From the preceding tabular statement it 

 appears that while England has been com- 

 mercially losing foothold in the Rio trade, her 

 two Continental rivals have been gaining. 



Mining. The following notes are taken from 

 the report published in June, 1886, by the Min- 

 ister of Agriculture : In Minas-Geraes, gold- 

 mining is continued. There are no statistics 

 of production, but those of exportation are : 



FISCAL YEAR 



1SS3-'S4., 

 1884-'86. 



1,166,855 

 1,354,794 



134,539 

 156,125 



It is supposed that the gold production of the 

 empire is much larger than these figures indi- 

 cate, and therefore that considerable gold is 

 smuggled. 



The minister thinks the mining of iron and 

 coal in the empire of more importance than 

 that of gold. The province of Minas-Geraes 

 has more iron than gold mines in operation. 

 In the province of Sao Paulo, the Ypanema 

 iron-mines are the only ones operated. These 

 belong to the Imperial Government. 



A Brazilian company is mining coal at Arroio 

 dos Ratos, in the province of Rio Grande do Sul. 

 This company is said to turn out about 2,000 

 tons a month, all of which is for local consump- 

 tion. At Tubarao, in the province of Santa 

 Catharina, an English company is mining. 



At Taubate, in the province of Sao Paulo, a 

 company is working to advantage the oil-pro- 

 ducing shales. In the province of Bahia the 

 tufa- deposits have been worked for oil, and 

 have yielded during the past year about 6G6 

 litres. 



The Imperial Government has asked for and 

 received tenders for the working of the phos- 

 phate-deposits on the islands of Fernando de 

 Noronha, a small group about 200 miles off 

 Cape St. Roque. Two concessions have been 

 granted for deposits upon other islands. 



Central Sugar-Houses. During the business 

 year ended June 30, the Quissama Central 

 Sugar Estate and House has ground 40,791 

 tons of sugar-cane, and the company netted 

 for the year a profit of 160,028 milreis. 



The Rio Branco Central Sugar- House for- 

 warded in August by the Leopoldina and Pe- 

 dro II Railroad the first consignment of 150 

 tons of white crystallized sugar of superior 

 quality to Rio de Janeiro. The manufacture 

 on a sugar-estate of this sort of sugar, in which 

 British Guiana has had such remarkable suc- 

 cess, is a great step forward, inasmuch as 

 eventually it will supersede the imported re- 

 fined article. The guaranteed concessions of 

 thirteen central sugar-factories were canceled 

 early in September, and the guarantee on seven 

 others suspended. 



Cotton Industry. There were in operation 

 in Brazil, in 1886, 60 cotton-spinneries and 

 weaving-factories, with altogether 4, 83 6 power- 

 looms and 225,122 spindles. Their joint share 

 capital was 15,000,000 milreis, and they turned 

 out, in 1885, 38,121,568 yards of cotton fabrics, 

 at an average cost of 250 reis a yard. The 

 concerns named were distributed as follow : in 

 the province of Rio, 15; in Minas-Geraes, 14; 

 in Sao Paulo, 13; in Bahia, 12; and 6 scat- 

 tered over other provinces. They nearly all use 

 water-power, in which the country abounds. 

 There are but two woolen-weaving factories, 

 one in Rio Grande do Sul and one in Rio de 

 Janeiro. The woolen yarns are all imported. 



Maritime Movement. There entered the port 

 of Rio in 1885 altogether 1,263 vessels under 

 foreign flags, with a joint tonnage of J, 323,905 ; 

 while there left 1,105, with 1,283,264 tons ca- 



