406 



GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



low the meeting to take place. Cavalry as- 

 sisted the police in guarding the Lord Mayor's 

 procession, and forced back the crowd on the 

 side of the square where the procession passed 

 in order to prevent a possible riotous attack. 

 Some of the police were rudely handled by the 

 crowd. After the procession went by, Social- 

 istic speeches were delivered at Nelson's Col- 

 umn. The police were about to attempt to 

 clear the square, but received the command to 

 allow orderly speaking. The assemblage after 

 a number of speeches adjourned to Hyde Park, 

 where speaking was resumed. The police 

 guarded the entire route in sufficient force to 

 prevent rioting. 



The French Fisheries in Newfoundland. By the 

 Treaty of Utrecht, when Newfoundland was 

 ceded to Great Britain, the French reserved a 

 part of the shore for their fishermen to catch 

 and dry their fish. When the Treaty of Ver- 

 sailles was signed in 1783, the British Govern- 

 ment agreed not to disturb the fishery rights 

 of the French. Afterward the French authori- 

 ties complained that British fishermen estab- 

 lished themselves in the part of the island re- 

 served for their own fisheries. During the 

 wars of 1793-1815 the French were excluded 

 from the fishing, and British fishermen settled 

 on the coast; but by an act of Parliament, 

 passed in 1824, they were removed. When 

 Newfoundland obtained representative institu- 

 tions in 1834, the question arose whether the 

 colony had a right to include the French shore 

 in its electoral districts, and was 

 variously decided by the authori- 

 ties of Downing Street down to 

 1873. When the colony appoint- 

 ed magistrates, the French Gov- 

 ernment was assured that the 

 French treaty rights would not 

 be interfered with. The French 

 fishermen have not been subject- 

 ed to the colonial laws, but have 

 enjoyed an extra-territorial im- 

 munity. The colonial authori- 

 ties have passed various enact- 

 ments interfering with the French 

 fishermen, and finally attempted 

 to collect revenue duties from 

 them. The French Government 

 complained and demanded a set- 

 tlement, reaffirming the rights 

 they had possessed by treaty for 

 one hundred and seventy years. 

 The English Government was un- 

 able to induce the colonists to rec- 

 ognize the claims of the French, 

 and prolonged the negotiations 

 that were begun until the French 

 broke off the useless conferences. 

 There were protracted negotia- 

 tions in 1878. In 1881 another mixed commis- 

 sion was appointed, but no agreement was ar- 

 rived at. In 1883 a new commission was ap- 

 pointed, in which Clare Ford and E. B. Pennell 

 represented the British Government. They met 



their colleagues in Paris in January, 1884, and 

 ended their labors on April 26, when an agree- 

 ment was signed. The British commissioners 

 then went to Newfoundland to induce the co- 

 lonial authorities to accept the agreement ; but 

 the Newfoundland government insisted on 

 modifications. The French agreed, on the 

 condition that they should receive concessions 

 in other quarters, particularly the abrogation 

 of the agreement of 1847 with respect to the 

 islands to the leeward of Tahiti, which the 

 French Government desired to annex. An 

 agreement was reached with Lord Salisbury, 

 and signed on Nov. 14, 1885, subject to its ac- 

 ceptance by the colonial authorities and its 

 ratification by the two Governments, while 

 the previous agreement of April 26, 1884, was 

 canceled. The main features of the new arrange- 

 ment are that the French Government will not 

 object to the establishment of different indus- 

 tries on the coast, provided that the French 

 fishery rights receive no prejudice ; that the 

 police of the fisheries is to be managed by the 

 war-vessels of France and Great Britain ; that 

 the French Government abandons the salmon- 

 fisheries in the rivers ; and that French fisher- 

 men will be exempted from paying duties on 

 articles necessary for their fishing. 



Domesday Celebration. The eight - hundredt 

 anniversary of the completion of " Domesday- 

 Book " was celebrated in London, on Octobt 

 25 and 26. The celebration was conducted 

 under the auspices of the Royal Historical So- 



aitiLu& S. 



FAC-SIMILE OF PART OF A PAGE OF THE DOMESDAY-BOOK. 



ciety, by a committee, of which Lord Aber- 

 dare was chairman. "Domesday-Book" is 

 the result of an order issued by William the 

 Conqueror in 1085, for a complete statistical 

 survey of England, comprising the names and 



