LITERATURE, AMERICAN", IN 1886. 



489 



lished, describes a tour in that seldom-visited 

 division of British America. u Santa Barbara 

 and around there," by Edwards Roberts, will 

 no doubt attract additional visitors to that 

 favored coast. If every scoffer at our hard- 

 worked little army could be made to read "An 

 Apache Campaign in the Sierra Madre," by 

 Capt. John G. Bourke, U. S. A., there might 

 be a more appreciative popular sentiment re- 

 garding our soldiers. 



R. J. Cleveland's " Voyages of a Merchant 

 Navigator" and W. Wyatt Gill's "Jottings 

 from the Pacific" will be read with interest 

 by lovers of the sea. Lieut. Greely's " Three 

 Years of Arctic Service " is among the most 

 important books of exploration published. 

 While it unfortunately recalls much that is 

 distressing, it places on record many deeds of 

 skill, daring, endurance, and discipline, of 

 which every American may well be proud. 



Political, Social, and Mental Science. These 

 fields of study and speculation seem to have 

 been particularly attractive to American au- 

 thors during the year under consideration, 

 probably owing to the labor agitations of the 

 day, to the generally unsettled condition of 

 politics at home and abroad, and to the in- 

 terest of intelligent people in economics and 

 international comity. From a mass of mate- 

 rial the following titles are selected as con- 

 spicuous in the American list: 



" Aristocracy in England," by Adam Badeau, 

 is an entertaining narrative of an American's 

 experience abroad in an official position. His 

 elucidation of court etiquette is at once amus- 

 ing and perplexing to the republican mind. 

 "Social Studies in England," by Sarah K. Bol- 

 ton, should be read in connection with Gen. 

 Badeau's book. It has not the official diplo- 

 matic stamp, but is entertaining nevertheless. 

 " Copyright, its Law and its Literature," by 

 R. R. Bowker, is of interest and value to all 

 literary workmen; and his "Economics for 

 the People," "Economic Fact-Book," and 

 "Primer for Political Education," contain in- 

 formation that every voter should possess. 

 "Twenty Years of Congress," by James G. 

 Blaine, is probably the most brilliant book of 

 individual reminiscence and political history 

 that has appeared in this country. It is not 

 unjust to say that it is as interesting as a novel 

 that being the modern criterion by which 

 the popularity of a book must be judged. 



The list that follows contains most of the 

 noteworthy new books of this class: 



" The Labor Problem," William E. Barnes, 

 editor ; " Studies in Modern Socialism and La- 

 bor Problems," by Rev. T. Edwin Brown; 

 "Socialism and Christianity," by A. J. F. Beh- 

 rends; " The Philosophy of Wealth," by J. B. 

 Clark; "Three Decades of Federal Legisla- 

 tion," 1855-'85, by S. S. Cox ; " Triumphant 

 Democracy," by Andrew Carnegie; "The La- 

 bor Movement in America," by Prof. Ely; 

 " Protection or Free Trade," by Henry George ; 

 "Manual Training," by C. H. Ham; "The 



Railways of the Republic," by J. F. Hudson ; 

 " Ancient American Politics," by Hugh J. 

 Hastings ; "Protection vs. Free Trade," by H. 

 M. Hoyt, an excellent compendium of the ar- 

 guments against opening the way to unre- 

 stricted foreign competition ; " The South," 

 by A. H. McClure; "The Labor Movement 

 the Problem of To-Day," by George E. Mc- 

 Neill ; " The Unfair Distribution of Earnings," 

 by W. V. Marshall; "A Plain Man's Talk on 

 the Labor Question," by Simon Newcomb ; 

 "Ten Dollars Enough," by Catherine Owens; 

 "Labor, Land, and Law," by W. A. Phillips; 

 " American Diplomacy and Furtherance of 

 Commerce," by Eugene Schuyler ; " Our Coun- 

 try," by Rev. Josiah Strong, D. D. ; "History 

 of the Appointing Power of the President," by 

 Lucy M. Salmon; "The Family," by Charles 

 F. Thwing and Carrie F. B. Thwing, his wife; 

 "The Protective Tariff Delusion," by Marion 

 Todd ; " Financial History of the United States 

 from 1861 to 1885," by Albert S. Bolles ; " Class 

 Interests," by the author of " Conflict in Na- 

 ture and Life " ; "Protection to Home Indus- 

 try," being from lectures on the subject by 

 Prof. R. E. Thompson. 



Not more than two thirds as many books, 

 all told, were published during the year in 

 the department of philosophy and mental sci- 

 ence, and of these very few originated on this 

 side of the ocean. The three most notable 

 ones are practically on the same topic, namely : 

 "Psychology," by Dr. James McCosh ; "Hu- 

 man Psychology," by E. James; and "Ele- 

 ments of Psychology," by James Sully. These 

 do not adequately represent the activity in 

 the direction of metaphysics, for the reviews 

 and periodicals show that mental science is by 

 no means abandoned by our home philoso- 

 phers. 



Science. " Earthquakes and other Earth 

 Movements," by John Milne, professor in the 

 Japanese Imperial College, proved a timely 

 study in view of subsequent seismic disturb- 

 ances. 



Text-books and essays on the subject of elec- 

 tricity hold a conspicuous place in the scientific 

 book-lists. Park Benjamin's "Age of Elec- 

 tricity," A. L. Raney's " Uses of Electricity in 

 Medicine," G. M. Beard's " Medical and Surgi- 

 cal Uses of Electricity," are among the Ameri- 

 can publications. 



The United States Government has issued 

 two important works on " The Fisheries of the 

 United States," which are of especial interest 

 at present. Other works touching upon the 

 animal kingdom are French's " Butterflies of 

 the Eastern United States," and 0. 0. Abbott's 

 " Upland and Meadow." Another highly cred- 

 itable Government publication is "Mining 

 Monographs of the United States Geological 

 Survey." 



" The Origin of the Fittest," by Prof. E. D. 

 Cope, is a study in evolution that has nvited 

 the attention of Darwinians. " The Botany of 

 the Rocky Mountains," by J. M. Coulter, in- 



