LITERATURE, BRITISH, IN 1886. 



493 



the British Isles from 1771 to 1820," Rev. 

 Mandell Creighton's hand-books of "Epochs 

 of Church History," Dr. Edzar's " Old Church 

 Life in Scotland," Dr. Anderson's "Scotland 

 in Pagan Times," and, as an addition to Scotch 

 history not ecclesiastical, Mitchell's " Scottish 

 Expedition to Norway in 1612." 



General English history begins with Mr. 

 Spencer Walpole's conclusion, by the publica- 

 tion of vols. iv and v, of his " History of Eng- 

 land from the Conclusion of the Great War in 

 1815 " ; Doyle's " Official Baronage of England 

 from 1066 to 1885," with 1,600 illustrations, is 

 issued in three quarto volumes ; Arnold's edi- 

 tion of " Clarendon's History of the Rebellion " 

 has reached its sixth volume ; Prof. Morris 

 continued his "Age of Anne," with an account 

 of " The Early Hanoverians " ; and John Ash- 

 ton published, in two volumes, "The Dawn of 

 the Nineteenth Century in England." Irish his- 

 tory supplied Gavan Duffy's " League of North 

 and South," an episode of 1850-'54, and a sec- 

 ond edition of O'Connor's important work. 



English constitutional history received a 

 number of notable additions during the year. 

 Conspicuous among these were Sir W. R. An- 

 son's " Law and Custom of the Constitution " ; 

 Scrutton's "Influence of the Roman Law on 

 the Law of England"; Gneist's "History of 

 the English Constitution," a translation, in two 

 volumes; a translation of the same author's 

 "English Parliament in its Transformations 

 through a Thousand Years " ; Scottowe's 

 "Short History of Parliament"; the second 

 volume of Lucy's " Diary of Two Parliaments " ; 

 and Grego's " History of Parliamentary Elec- 

 tions and Electioneering in the Old Days." 



There was rather a full list of works on Eng- 

 lish local history, including another volume 

 of Hamilton's "Calendar of State Papers re- 

 lating to Ireland, 1588-'92"; a volume of 

 "Lord Gower's Dispatches," he being ambas- 

 sador at Paris, !790-'92 ; a third volume of the 

 "Lauderdale Papers"; and the first volume 

 of the "Middlesex County Records." More 

 closely local were Bunce's " History of Birming- 

 ham," Douthwaite's "History and Associa- 

 tions of Gray's Inn," L'Estrange's "Chronicles 

 of the Palace and Hospital of Greenwich," Mr. 

 James Parker's "Early History of Oxford" 

 and Morley's work on the same subject, and 

 Gomme's " Literature of Local Institutions." 



Finally, on Continental European history, 

 there were Lodge's " History of Modern Eu- 

 rope"; W. S. Lilly's "Chapters in European 

 History" ; Mr. Freeman's two lectures, "Greater 

 Greece" and " Greater Britain," and " George 

 Washington, the Expander of England " ; Bar- 

 low's " The Normans in South Europe"; Mr. 

 Morse Stephen's "History of the French Revo- 

 lution"; Lalanne's edition of Fauriel's "The 

 Last Days of the Consulate " ; and Mr. Ker- 

 shaw's monograph on "Protestants from France 

 in their English Home." 



Essays. In this department must be included 

 the books of the year on general literary sub- 



jects and language. W. Scherer's " History of 

 German Literature," translated by Mrs. Cony- 

 beare and edited by Max Mtiller, was the most 

 important literary history of the year. Mr. F. 

 B. Jevons published a " History of Greek Lit- 

 erature from the Earliest Period to the Death 

 of Demosthenes," and Curtius's "Principles 

 of Greek Etymology " was translated by Wil- 

 kins and England, and published in two vol- 

 umes. Strong and Meyer's "Outlines of a 

 History of the German Language," and Her- 

 ford's "The Relations between English and 

 German Literature in the Sixteenth Century," 

 are both important works. Douse published 

 an essay on " The Gothic of TJlfilas," and Sweet 

 and Whitney, respectively, primers of Icelandic 

 and Sanskrit. Morrison's "Manual of English 

 Literature" and the "Roxburghe Ballads" 

 (Part I, vol. vi) were more distinctly literary. 



The Oriental languages and literature re- 

 ceived more than usual attention during the 

 past year. Concerning Madagascar there were 

 published "A Madagascar Bibliography " by 

 Sibree, and "A New Malagasy - English Dic- 

 tionary" by Richardson. India was repre- 

 sented by Col. Yale's " Glossary of Anglo-In- 

 dian Colloquial Words and Phrases," and, in 

 more learned effort, by three additions to the 

 translations of " The Sacred Books of the East," 

 being "The GainaSutras," translated by Jacobi; 

 " The Kullavegga," translated by Rhys David 

 and Oldenburg ; and " The Dharmasamgraha," 

 edited by Kasawara, a Japanese Buddhist priest. 

 These are issued by the Oxford Clarendon Press. 

 Libraries and the press have been the subjects 

 of two or three interesting works. Mr. Christie 

 published the history of " The Old Church and 

 School Libraries of Lancashire," Mr. T. Mason 

 the " Public and Private Libraries of Glasgow," 

 Mr. Nebauer published a " Catalogue of the 

 Hebrew Manuscripts in the Libraries of Ox- 

 ford " ; and the " Catnach Press," which was 

 an establishment at one time famous in Eng- 

 land, has been fully described in an illustrated 

 volume by Mr. Hindley. Legendary literature 

 and folk-lore contributed largely to the year's 

 list of publications. Mr. Theall published 

 " Kaffir Folk-Lore," Mr. Vicary " A Stork's 

 Nest," the Countess Martin engo - Cesaresco 

 "Essays in the Study of Folk-Lore," Charlotte 

 Burne " Shropshire Folk-Lore," Mariana Mon- 

 teiro " Legends and Popular Tales of the 

 Basque People," and Harley's "Moon Lore," 

 Bassett's Legends and Superstitions of the Sea 

 and Sailors," and Gould's " Mythical Mon- 

 sters," complete the list. 



Translations of the classics were numerous, 

 including three different versions of Homer's 

 " Iliad," by Cordery, Way, and Leaf ; Virgil's 

 "aEneid," by W. J. Thornhill ; Cicero's " Cor- 

 respondence " and " De Natura," by Tyrrell 

 and Mayor. Sir Stephen De Vere and Herbert 

 Grant translated Horace's "Odes," R. C. Jebb 

 performed the same office for the "Plays and 

 Fragments of Sophocles," T. Hodgkin produced 

 a condensed translation of the "Varies Epistolsa 



