RANKE, LEOPOLD VON. 



RED CROSS SOCIETY. 



783 



ligent, or unskillful act of another employe 1 

 engaged in the same service. The justice of 

 this rule is very doubtful. The rule itself has 

 been qualified in some States and rejected in 

 others notably in Iowa, Georgia, and Wis- 

 consin. In Pennsylvania only has it been ex- 

 tended by statute to other persons, not servants 

 of the company, who are employed or engaged 

 on or about its road or works. But the rail- 

 road company is liable to its servants for its 

 own negligence or malfeasance. 



The following is a list of those States which 

 by statutes have provided for the payment of 

 damages, by railroad companies, for deaths 

 caused by them. Where there is no limit, the 

 amount is to be fixed by the jury, as previously 

 spoken of: 



Alabama no limit. 



Arkansas no limit. 



California no limit. 



Colorado not more than $5,000 nor less than 

 $3,000. 



Connecticut not more than $5,000 nor less than 

 $500. 



Delaware no limit. 



Georgia no limit. 



Illinois not more than $5,000. 



Indiana not more than $5,000. 



Iowa no limit. 



Kansas not more than $10,000. 



Kentucky no limit. 



Louisiana no limit. 



Maine not more than $5,000. 



Maryland no limit. 



Massachusetts not more than $5.000 nor less than 

 $500. 



Michigan no limit. 



Minnesota not more than $5,000. 



Mississippi no limit. 



Missouri not more than $5,000. 



Nebraska no limit. 



Nevada no limit. 



New Hampshire not more than $5,000 nor less 

 than $500. 



New Jersey no limit. 



New York not more than $5,000. 



North Carolina no limit. 



Ohio not more than $10,000. 



Oregon not more than $5,000. 



Pennsylvania no limit. 



Ehode Island no limit. 



South Carolina no limit. 



Tennessee no limit. 



Texas no limit. 



Vermont no limit. 



Virginia not more than $10,000. 



West Virginia not more than $5,000. 



Wisconsin not more than $5,000. 



RANKE, LEOPOLD VON, a German histori- 

 an, born in Wiehe, Thuringia, Dec. 21, 1795 ; 

 died in Berlin, May 23, 1886. He studied at 

 Leipsic and early devoted himself to histori- 

 cal work. His first work was a " History of 

 the Roman and Teutonic Nations from 1494 to 

 1535," published in 1824. He was appointed 

 to the chair of History at the University of 

 Berlin, and in 1827 was commissioned by the 

 Prussian Government to make researches in 

 the archives of Vienna, Venice, Rome, and 

 Florence. The results of his labors were a 

 series of works, published between 1829 and 

 1834, among which are "Die Serbische Revo- 

 lution," and " Ueber die Verschworung gegen 



Venedig." His next work was " The Popes 

 of Rome, during the Sixteenth and Seventeenth 

 Centuries." It was translated into English by 

 Sarah Austin, in 1840. He was appointed 

 Prussian historiographer in 1841, and pub- 

 lished, among other works, "Nine Books of 

 Prussian History," 1847-'48 ; followed by a 

 larger work on the same subject. Turning his 

 attention to other countries, he published 

 "French History, particularly in the Sixteenth 

 and Seventeenth Centuries," and "English 



LEOPOLD VON RANKE. 



History, particularly in the Seventeenth Cent- 

 ury." The latter is a favorable specimen of 

 his method, clear, accurate, and based on a 

 careful study of original documents. Between 

 1871 and 1877 he produced the "Life of Wal- 

 lenstein," and the " Origin of the Seven Years' 

 War," and a number of such works, relating 

 to episodes or aspects of German history. A 

 few years ago he began a great work on "'Uni- 

 versal History," six volumes of which were 

 published before his death. 



RED CROSS SOCIETY, an organization for the 

 purpose of securing neutrality to the ground 

 occupied by hospitals, etc., during war, and to 

 provide relief from disasters by flood, pesti- 

 lence, or other calamity during peace. The 

 movement had its origin in Europe. The bat- 

 tle of Solferino was fought in 1859, and Henry 

 Dunant, a Swiss gentleman, visited the battle- 

 field. What he saw of suffering on the field 

 and in the hospitals, where he continued for 

 several days assisting as a volunteer in the care 

 of the wounded, made a lasting impression. 

 He saw that, with all the appliances and outfit 

 of the French army, aided by the inhabitants 

 of places where the wounded were taken, the 

 wounded were often left for days without at- 

 tention or surgical relief. In 1862 he pub- 

 lished a description of what he had seen, and 

 set forth reasons for establishing in every coun- 

 try permanent societies for the relief of the 

 wounded. His article was quickly translated 



