WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 



837 



nese house in the city, leaving squads of men 

 for the same purpose at each place where the 

 Chinese were quartered. The Chinese were 

 conducted on foot outside of the city to Lake 

 View Station, eight miles from Tacoma. Their 

 personal effects were carried in wagons fur- 

 nished by those who expelled them. A large 

 number of the Chinese were taken from Lake 

 View on the freight-train which passed there 

 about three o'clock on the morning of Novem- 

 ber 4. The rest of them left on the passenger- 

 train about 7.30 that morning. Both of these 

 trains were going to Portland. 



On November 6 a large numher of Chinese 

 houses on piles called a wharf, which had been 

 built by Chinese upon ground leased from the 

 Northern Pacific Railroad Company, were de- 

 stroyed by fire. These houses consisted of 

 Chinese stores, dwellings, and a joss-house. 

 " By way of vindicating the law," says the 

 Governor, under date of July 17, 1886, " in- 

 dictments have been found against twenty- 

 seven persons, charged with conspiracy, and 

 they are under bonds awaiting trial." 



The biennial session of the Legislature ad- 

 journed on Feb. 4, 1886. The attempted forci- 

 ble removal of the Chinese from several places 

 followed the next week. The removal was 

 effected at Sumner, Puyallup, Carbonado, and 

 Snohomish. At Olympia it was successfully 

 resisted by law-abiding citizens. On February 

 7 and 8 a mob, beyond the control of the local 

 authorities, attempted the removal of the Chi- 

 nese from Seattle. The Governor proclaimed 

 martial law, and called out the militia. He 

 also called on the President, who ordered 

 troops to the scene of disturbance. Quiet was 

 speedily restored, but the work of intimidation 

 had been done. On the 8th, 198 Chinese set 

 out for San Francisco by a steamer, which 

 could not take 62 more whose passages were 

 paid. During the disturbance a conflict oc- 

 curred between the armed citizens and the 

 mob, in which five persons were wounded. 



Resources and Development. The population 

 of the Territory is estimated by the Governor 

 at 210,000. This political division comprises 

 an area of 69,994 square miles, or nearly one 

 and a half times the area of the State of New 

 York. Of this area 3,114 square miles are 

 water, most of which is within the limits of 

 Puget Sound, leaving 66,880 square miles of 

 land surface, of which about 20,000,000 acres 

 are in tirnber-lands, 5,000,000 acres rich allu- 

 vial bottom-lands, and 10,000,000 acres are 

 prairies and plains. The prairies and plains 

 are mostly in the eastern part of the Territory, 

 and are adapted to the cultivation of wheat, 

 barley, and other cereals, and all the fruits and 

 vegetables known to the climates of Ohio and 

 Pennsylvania. Nearly 400,000 tons of wheat 

 were shipped from this region of the Territory 

 to Pacific tide-water during the period covered 

 by the Governor's report. The western por- 

 tion of the Territory comprises what is re- 

 garded as the largest body of fine timber 



known to exist in the world, and, by reason of 

 the numerous streams flowing into Puget 

 Sound (which is itself a vast harbor, having 

 an extent of 1,594 miles of shore-line), the 

 greatest facilities exist for getting out and 

 shipping this timber; and numerous large mills 

 are in operation. 



Hops. Hop-culture has been conducted in 

 the vicinity of Puget Sound on an extensive 

 scale. Instances are common of an average 

 yield of over 2,000 pounds an acre, for ten or 

 twelve successive years. Some growers claim 

 to have raised over 8,500 pounds to the acre. 



Oats and Wheat. Enormous crops of oats 

 are raised on the tide-lands of Puget Sound, 

 of which about 30,000 acres have been diked 

 and reclaimed. Instances are common of 100 

 bushels to the acre. Very little wheat is raised 

 in the western portion of the Territory ; but 

 in several counties in the eastern portion the 

 average crop is over 25 bushels an acre. 



Coal. The supply of coal for the Pacific 

 coast is mainly drawn from Washington Terri- 

 tory and British Columbia. Over 1,000,000 

 tons have been taken from New Castle mine, 

 near Seattle, within the past seven years. 

 Mines thus far largely developed are at New 

 Castle, Renton, Talbot, Cedar Mountain, Black 

 Diamond, Franklin, Tacoma, South Prairie, 

 Carbon Hill, and Bellingham Bay. The bitu- 

 minous coals of this region are rich in carbon 

 and make a strong coke. 



Iron. Large deposits of rich magnetic iron- 

 ore, lying in the Snoqualmie Pass, near the 

 summit of the Cascade mountains, have been 

 recently tested by Eastern steel manufacturers, 

 and arrangements are reported to have been 

 made for transporting this ore to tide-water 

 and the manufacture of steel therefrom. Va- 

 rious rich deposits of hematite iron-ore have 

 been found in the same vicinity. The latter 

 ores assay 65 per cent, pure metallic iron. 

 Rich deposits of iron are also found in Skagit 

 County and Jefferson County, both bordering 

 on the sound. An abundance of lime is found 

 on the islands of Puget Sound. 



Railroads. In addition to steamship lines 

 from San Francisco to Portland and Puget 

 Sound, there are the Oregon Short Line, con- 

 necting westward by way of the Union Pacific 

 Railroad to Portland; the Canadian Pacific 

 Railroad, terminating at Port Moody, on Bur- 

 rard's Inlet ; and the Northern Pacific Railroad 

 line, which traverses the eastern portion of 

 the Territory, and makes its connections with 

 the western portion by way of the Oregon 

 Railway and Navigation Company's line from 

 Wallula to Portland. The Spokane and Pa- 

 louse Railway, from Marshall Junction to Bel- 

 mont, 43 miles, has been built during the past 

 twelve months. The Oregon Railway and 

 Navigation Company's lines tap a large area 

 in the southeastern portion of the Territory, 

 and during the year ending June 30, there 

 were built 27'8 miles of railroad from Colfax 

 to Moscow, and 29'5 miles between Starbuck 



