ARIZONA. 



29 



the Territorial laws, and much of the time of 

 the session was given to changing or enlarging 

 the fundamental law, as the following captions 

 of acts will indicate : Trial of title to real prop- 

 perty. Concerning juries and jurors. Forci- 

 ble entry and detainer. Trial of right of per- 

 sonal property in certain cases. Abolishing 

 the distinction between sealed and unsealed 

 instruments. Attachments and garnishments. 

 Concerning frauds and fraudulent convey- 

 ances. Concerning bills, notes, and other writ- 

 ten instruments. Concerning registration. Re- 

 corders and their duties. Concerning husband 

 and wife. Concerning executions. Concern- 

 ing partnerships. Concerning evidence. Lim- 

 itations of actions. Concerning wills, descent, 

 and distribution of real property. Concerning 

 principals and sureties. Concerning home- 

 steads. Concerning judgments and liens. A 

 new penal code and a code of civil procedure 

 were also adopted. 



The license law passed at this session repeals 

 all licenses for general merchandising, and im- 

 poses a double tax on saloons. Persons hold- 

 ing a wholesale liquor license are forbidden to 

 retail on the same license. The retail tax was 

 fixed at $200 a year. The following are cap- 

 tions of other acts: 



Kepealing telegraph tax law. 



Custody and distribution of public moneys. 



Stock quarantine. 



To provide funds for carrying out the provisions of 

 .an act to protect domestic animals. 



Marks and brands. 



Entry of town-sites. 



Funding county indebtedness. 



School law. 



To encourage the destruction of wild animals. 



Act amending election laws. 



Granting power to the Governor to veto sections in 

 an appropriation bill. 



Territorial prison and county jails. 



Concerning mines. 



Concerning injuries resulting in death. 



Territorial funding act. 



The Legislature was composed of twenty-five 

 Democrats and eleven Republicans, both houses 

 being Democratic. 



Educational. From the report of the Super- 

 intendent of PublicSchools, made at the begin- 

 ning of the year, it appears that there was an 

 increase in the enrolment and average attend- 

 ance during the preceding year. Twelve school 

 districts were created, making a total of 130, 

 and thirteen additional school -houses were 

 built. There were maintained in the Terri- 

 tory 25 grammar and 125 primary schools. 

 These were kept open on an average only 124 

 days during the year. The Normal School at 

 Tempe, in Maricopa County, has been in oper- 

 ation during the year, and a Territorial Univer- 

 sity at Tucson, in Pima County, is in process of 

 establishment. 



Statistics and Growth. According to the report 

 of the Governor for 1887, there has been a 

 steady addition to the population of the Terri- 

 tory, which was 40,440 in 1880. and may now 

 be estimated at 90,000. The aggregate assessed 



valuation for 1887 is $26,313,500, which shows 

 an increase in one year of nearly $6,000,000, 

 notwithstanding the fact that by the present 

 system of assessment and taxation much of the 

 real and personal property is undervalued, and 

 a large portion of the personal property is not 

 listed for taxation. The last legislative assem- 

 bly created a Territorial Board of Equalization 

 with power to revise the assessments of the 

 different counties. 



There are 1,050 - 04 miles of railroad in the 

 Territory. Two trunk lines, the Southern Pa- 

 cific and the Atlantic and Pacific, traverse the 

 Territory from east to west, the former rep- 

 resenting 383 miles and the latter 392 miles. 

 During the past year 137.8 miles of the new 

 road have been built the Maricopa and Phoe- 

 nix, connecting Phoenix, the county seat of 

 Maricopa County, ma Tempe, with the South- 

 ern Pacific road, at or near Maricopa station, 

 34*5 ; the Prescott and Arizona Central, con- 

 necting Prescott, the capital of the Territory, 

 with Prescott Junction, on the Atlantic and 

 Pacific road, 73.3 miles, and 30 miles of the 

 Mineral Belt road. 



The United States Land Office certifies that 

 there are 2,000,000 acres of arable land in the 

 valleys of the Colorado, Salt, and Gila rivers. 

 Irrigation alone is needed to reclaim these 

 tracts, and a beginning has been made in the 

 construction of canals. There are now about 

 400 miles of these canals in Arizona, repre- 

 senting a cost of over $1,000,000, and reclaim- 

 ing about 215,000 acres. Most of the stock in 

 these is owned by the holders of the lands 

 under them. The farmer pays for the number 

 of inches he uses to produce his crop, the 

 amount used varying from three eighths to one 

 half an inch per acre. 



The product of Arizona in precious metals 

 for 1886 was $6,103,378. It would be safe to 

 add at least 20 per cent, for chlorides and ores 

 shipped for treatment in Colorado and San 

 Francisco, which are constantly being trans- 

 ported and not reported. 



The Mogollon forest, near the center of the 

 Territory, is nearly 200 miles in length, and its 

 average width is about 50 miles, making 10,000 

 square miles, or 6,400,000 acres. Outside of 

 the pineries of Michigan, Wisconsin, and Wash- 

 ington Territory, there are few portions of the 

 republic that contain such an extensive body 

 of timber. The Arizona Lumber Company, at 

 Flagstaff, sawed in the past year 5,976,493 

 feet, and shipped 8,305,093 feet of lumber. 



Indians. The principal tribes of Indians in 

 Arizona are the Apaches, the Pimas and Mari- 

 copas, the Papagos, the Ynmas, the Mohaves, 

 the Moquis, the Navajos, and the Hualapais. 

 The Navajos are most prosperous, intelligent, 

 and enterprising, and doubtless the wealthiest 

 tribe in the United States. They number 15,- 

 000 and are increasing. It is estimated that 

 the tribe owns at least 20,000 horses and 

 1,000,000 sheep. They occupy the Navajo res- 

 ervation, in the extreme northeast corner of 



