68 



BOLIVIA. 



51,691, making a total foreign circulation of 

 521,356 copies; cash remittances to foreign 

 lands, $159,986 ; cash receipts from foreign 

 lands, $41,611 ; number of agents and colpor- 

 teurs employed in the distribution of the Script- 

 ures in foreign lands, 410. The lands in which 

 this work is performed include American and 

 European states, and every country in which 

 Protestant American missionaries labor. 



British and Foreign Bible Society. The eighty- 

 third annual meeting of the British and Foreign 

 Bible Society was held in London, May 4. 

 The Earl of Harrowby presided, and in his ad- 

 dressappropriately to the Queen's Jubilee 

 gave some comparative statistics respecting the 

 progress of the society during the past fifty 

 years. Fifty years before the income of the 

 society had been 100,000, now it was 225,- 

 000 ; then it had 2,370 auxiliary societies at 

 home, now 5,300 ; then 260 auxiliary societies 

 abroad, now 1,500. Fifty years ago the an- 

 nual issues of publications were 600,000 copies, 

 now they are 3,000,000 ; then the cheapest 

 Bible cost 2 shillings, now it was only 6d. ; 

 then the cheapest New Testament cost 10<Z., 

 now the cheapest was Lord Shaftesbury's Id. 

 Testament. Fifty years ago the Scriptures 

 were published in 136 languages, now in 20. 

 The full income of the society for the year end- 

 ing March 31, 1887, amounted to 116,764, 

 and the sum received for Scriptures sold, at 

 home and abroad, was 104,888. These sums, 

 with 104 received on a special account, made 

 a total of receipts of 221,754. The expendi- 

 tures had been 231,776. The issues for the 

 year had been 3,932,678 copies in Bibles, Tes- 

 taments, and portions of Scripture. The whole 

 number of issues by the society since its be- 

 ginning had been 112,253.547. The Queen, 

 at the request of Australian auxiliaries, had 

 written a passage of Scripture " On earth 

 peace, good will toward men," with the royal 

 autograph, to be placed in fac simile in the 

 Testaments of the school-children of the Aus- 

 tralian colonies, as a lasting memorial of the 

 Jubilee year. The income of the society for 

 the year had declined by 31,000. 



BOLIVIA, an independent republic of South 

 America. (For details relating to area, terri- 

 torial divisions, population, etc., see "Annual 

 Cyclopaedia " for 1883 and 1886.) 



Government. The President of the Republic 

 is Don Gregorio Pacheco. His Cabinet is com- 

 posed of the following ministers : Foreign Re- 

 lations, Don Juan Crisostoms Carrillo, who 

 combines with his office that of Minister of Jus- 

 tice, Public Worship, and Instruction ; Finance, 

 Sefior Garcia; Interior, Dr. M. M. Dillcdina; 

 War, Brigadier- General Don Casto Arguedas. 



On April 7 the Bolivian Minister at Wash- 

 ington was recalled, the legation being with- 

 drawn for the present, while the American 

 Minister at La Paz, Hon. William A. Seay, re- 

 signed on account of failing health. The Boliv- 

 ian Consul-General at New York is Don Mel- 

 chor Abarrio ; the Consul at San Francisco, 



Don Francisco Herrera, and at New Orleans, 

 Don Jose P. Macheca; the American Vice- 

 Consul-General at La Paz is Mr. S. Alexander. 



Army. The strength of the regular army is 

 2,000 men, with eight generals and 1,013 other 

 officers, the annual outlay for the War Depart- 

 ment being $2,000,000. 



Finances The income of the Government in 

 1886 was $2,964,079, but the outlay exceeded 

 it by $800,000. A concession was granted, 

 near the close of 1886, for a bank at La Paz. 

 The Banco Nacional de Bolivia experienced 

 serious financial distress during the summer of 

 1887, not being able to pay at sight outstand- 

 ing notes of its own circulation, even in small 

 amounts. It suspended payment temporarily 

 and telegraphed to Potosi for bar-silver. 



Boundary Treaties. During the autumn of 

 1886 a preliminary boundary treaty was signed 

 at La Paz by the Peruvian Minister Plenipo- 

 tentiary and the Bolivian Government, the 

 chief clauses of which were : 1. The present 

 acknowledged limits between the two coun- 

 tries are confirmed, except those southward 

 from Lake Titicaca; 2. The two republics will 

 undertake to negotiate with Chili, if possible, 

 a modification of the treaty of Ancon, so far 

 as it relates to the occupation for ten years of 

 the provinces of Tacna and Arica; 3. Should 

 Chili consent to such modification, Pern and 

 Bolivia are to engage jointly to pay Chili the 

 $10,000,000 indemnity, offering as a security 

 the national revenues of both countries ; 4. 

 Peru agrees to cede to Bolivia the two prov- 

 inces named against payment by the latter to 

 the former of $5,000,000 ; 5. The war expenses 

 of the war on the Pacific, which Peru advanced 

 to Bolivia, are thereby waived by the former. 

 This latter arrangement did away with the debt 

 contracted by Bolivia in virtue of the Reyes 

 Ortiz-Irigoyen protocol of April 15 nnd June 

 17, 1879, in which Bolivia bound herself to pay 

 half of the cost of the war, together with the 

 subsidies that Bolivia received from Peru dur- 

 ing the Tarapaca and Tacna campaigns. 



On Feb. 16, 1887, a treaty was signed be- 

 tween Bolivia and Paraguay, fixing the limits 

 between the two republics on the one hand, 

 and laying down the basis of an agreement 

 facilitating Bolivian navigation down tie Para- 

 guay river to the Atlantic, on the other. 



Education.- A college is to be founded in the 

 city of Oruro, the number of students not to 

 be fewer than 50, and the annual amount to 

 be spent for instruction to be $11,130. Don 

 Aniceto Arce undertook in the autumn of 1887 

 to found at La Pnz a college on a grand scale. 



The Fugitive Jesuits. The Jesuits expelled 

 from Peru found their way to La Paz, where 

 they settled comfortably ; but a strong opposi- 

 tion to their stay arose during the autumn of 

 1887, on the strength of a previous decree of 

 expulsion issued in Bolivia by Marshal Sucr % e. 



Railroads. In November, 1886, Dr. Antonio 

 Quijarro, ex-Minister of State in the Campero 

 administration, returned to La Paz from Buenos 



