CANADA, DOMINION OF. 



89 



cil, and Superintendent-General of Indian Af- 

 fairs, Rt. Hon. Sir John Macdonald, G. 0. B. ; 

 Minister of Finance, Sir Charles Tupper; Post- 

 master- General, A. W. McLelan ; Minister of 

 Public Works, Sir Hector Langevin ; Minister 

 of Railways and Canals, J. H. Pope; Minister 

 of Customs, Mackenzie Bowell ; Minister of 

 Militia, Sir Adolphe Caron ; Minister of Ma- 

 rine and Fisheries, G. E. Foster ; Minister of 

 Agriculture, John Carling ; Minister of Inland 

 Revenue, John Costigan ; Minister of the In- 

 terior, Thomas White ; Minister of Justice, J. 

 S. D. Thompson ; Secretary of State, J. A. 

 Chapleau ; without portfolio, Frank Smith. 

 Sir Charles Tupper resigned temporarily the 

 office of Canadian High Commissioner in Lon- 

 don, in order to become Minister of Finance. 

 During the session, John J. C. Abbott, Mayor 

 of Montreal, entered the Cabinet without port- 

 folio and became the lender of the Senate, and 

 Edward Blake resigned the leadership of the 

 Opposition on account of failing health, being 

 succeeded by Wilfrid Laurier. The sanction 

 of Parliament was obtained for a radical re- 

 organization of the Dominion Cabinet, but the 

 carrying of the changes into effect was post- 

 poned. Provision was made for uniting the 

 two departments of Customs and Inland Reve- 

 nue, as the Department of Trade and Com- 

 merce. When the law comes into force, the 

 offices of Minister of Customs and Minister of 

 Inland Revenue will cease to exist, but each 

 of the departments then united will still have 

 a parliamentary head, who will hold office and 

 retire with the Government, but will not ne- 

 cessarily or probably be a member of the Cabi- 

 net. The duties of these officers, who will 

 be called, respectively, the Controller of Cus- 

 toms and the Controller of Inland Revenue, 

 will be analagous to those of the Under Secre- 

 taries in the Government of Great Britain. 

 Provision was also made for the appointment 

 of a Solicitor-General, who will occupy a simi- 

 lar position in the Department of Justice. 



Finantes. The ordinary revenue for the fiscal 

 year ending June 30, 1886, was $33,177,040, 

 and the ordinary expenditure $39,011,612, thus 

 leaving a deficit of $5,834,572. The deficit is 

 partly accounted for by payments during 1886 

 on account of the Northwest rebellion of 1885, 

 amounting to s:;, 177,220. The ordinary reve- 

 nue averaged $6.92 per head of the population, 

 and the expenditure $8.13. The gross amount 

 of taxation was $25,226,456, or $5.26 per head. 

 The gross public debt on June 30, 1886, was 

 $273,164,34-1, an increase during the year of 

 $8,460,784. The net debt was $223,159.107, 

 an increase of 26.751,415. The expenditure 

 on public works since confederation has been 

 as follows: Railways, $97,056.423; canals, 

 $29,876,800; light-houses and navigation, $8,- 

 2.Si-,r>sn; acquisition and management of the 

 Northwest Territories, $5,356,035; Govern- 

 'Hiildiiigs and miscellaneous works, $13,- 

 19; total, $154,254,667. Prior to con- 

 $52,944,175 had been expended on 



railways and canals, and $10,690,917 on other 

 public works. 



Trade and Commerce. The imports for the year 

 ending June 30, 1886, amounted to $104,424,- 

 561, and the exports to $85,251,314, a decrease 

 in the imports from the previous year of $4,- 

 516,925, and in the exports of $3,987,047. The 

 commerce of the Dominion was thus distrib- 

 uted : 



Iron. The most important legislation accom- 

 plished was the extension of the national policy 

 with a view to fostering the manufacture of 

 iron, and the new tariff was graded in propor- 

 tion to the presumed value of the labor in- 

 volved in producing iron in its various stages 

 of manufacture in Canada. As a general prin- 

 ciple, the rate of duty is about equal to two 

 thirds of the amount of the duty payable in 

 the United States. This principle was not ad- 

 hered to in the case of the higher grades of 

 steel manufactures, because it was thought 

 that no amount of protection would insure 

 the manufacture of these grades in Canada. 

 nr in the case of locomotive tubes and boiler- 

 plates, because it was especially desired to en- 

 courage railway development in Canada. Nova 

 Scotia and British Columbia are the only Ca- 

 nadian provinces in which iron and coal are 

 found in close proximity, but the Government 

 hope to see re-established under the new tariff 

 the charcoal-iron manufactures, which were 

 once the chief industries of Ontario and Que- 

 bec. The imports of iron and steel and manu- 

 factures thereof into the Dominion for home 

 consumption in recent years have been : 1879, 

 $7,962.295; 1880, $10,128,660; 1881, $12,- 

 955,855 ; 1882, $17,199,488; 1883, $20,080,274; 

 1884, $14,790,727; 1885, $11,415,713; 1886, 

 $11,053,365. The Dominion pays a bmmty of 

 $1.50 a ton on all pig-iron manufactured in 



