124 



CITIES, AMERICAN. (LYNCHBUBG, MANITOTT, MONTREAL.) 



roads, with several others building. Work has 

 been begun on a complete system of cable- 

 roads, to cost $1,500,000, which will be the 

 most extensive possessed by any city in the 

 world. Congress has appropriated $150,000 

 for a public building, the site of which has 

 been purchased ; $200,000 has been voted for 

 anew court-house, work on which is begun; 

 a new jail, costing $23,000, has just been com- 

 pleted, and work on a city hall, to cost $185,- 

 000,' is well under way. At present (December, 

 1887), 1,200 houses are in course of erection 

 within the city limits, many of them large 

 blocks. The main streets are paved with 

 granite blocks and asphaltum. The city has 

 been lighted by electricity for five years. Water 

 is supplied by three systems, all drawing from 

 the river. There are 11 banks, with over $5,- 

 000,000 resources. The city has 6 parks. The 

 headquarters of the Arizona military district 

 are here. The public-school system is com- 

 plete, and there is also a university. The ex- 

 ports of produce by rail from Los Angeles 

 amounted last year to 79,158,407 pounds. The 

 chief articles of export are citrus fruits, de- 

 ciduous fruits (dried and green), raisins, wine, 

 brandy, and wool. There were imported, by 

 way of San Pedro, 125,543,000 feet of lumber 

 and 118,536 tons of coal. The chief resource 

 of Los Angeles consists in its climate and soil. 

 The growth of citrus fruits, though still in its in- 

 fancy, has assumed large proportions, and is con- 

 stantly increasing. Almost every known agri- 

 cultural and horticultural product can be grown 

 in the Los Angeles valley. The health-giving 

 climate, which is mild and salubrious all the 

 year round, is attracting thousands of people 

 from the East, who make their homes here. 

 Costly and tasteful residences, embowered in 

 orange-groves, are being built in every direc- 

 tion. Petroleum is found in great abundance, 

 at convenient distances from the city. There 

 are 5 foundries and iron-works, and the manu- 

 facture of iron water-pipe employs 10 estab- 

 lishments. There are 2 flouring - mills, 10 

 wineries, 8 distilleries, several canneries and 

 fruit-evaporating works, 5 planing-mills, and 

 a number of smaller manufacturing establish- 

 ments. The city assessment for 1887 amounts 

 to $41,696,312, against $16,432,435 for the 

 previous year. 



Lynehbnrg, the principal inland city of Vir- 

 ginia, on James river, 150 miles above Rich- 

 mond, 174 miles by rail south-by-west of Wash- 

 ington, D. 0. According to the revised census 

 of 1880, the population of the city proper was 

 15,959, of which number 7,485 were whites 

 and 8,474 negroes. Three lines of railroad 

 cross at this point, and ground has been broken 

 for a fourth, to connect the city with Durham, 

 N. C., and place it within reach of a section 

 famous for fine, bright tobaccos. Besides 

 many handsome residences and business-houses, 

 a custom-house is being built by the United 

 States Government. The city is liberally pro- 

 vided with public-school buildings for both 



races ; and there is a handsome orphan asy- 

 lum, endowed by the late -Samuel Miller with 

 $350,000 besides real estate. Ample water- 

 power is furnished by James river, which is 

 600 feet wide and has an average depth of 4 

 feet, a series of dams in and above the city 

 affording a fall of 20 feet. The principal 

 trade and manufacture of the city is tobacco, 

 of which the sales in 1871 aggregated 17,425,- 

 539 Ibs. ; in 1886 they amounted to 49,332,- 

 050 Ibs. unmanufactured leaf. Of this latter 

 amount, 21,710,723 Ibs. were exported, and the 

 remaining 27,621,327 Ibs. were manufactured 

 in the city for home markets. There are 25 

 factories engaged in making chewing-tobacco, 

 9 making smoking-tobacco, 3 making cigarettes, 

 1 making snuff, 1 making tobacco - extract, 

 and 1 making tobacco-fertilizer ; besides 6 

 warehouses, 1 storage-warehouse, manufact- 

 ures of boxes, machinery, etc. In 1868 the 

 total values of the city in real, personal, and 

 mixed property were $3,264,705, which in 

 1883 had increased to $12,695,874. The total 

 bank-capital, surplus, and deposits had increased 

 during the same period from $537,811.82 to 

 $3,428,078.17. A growing industry is the 

 manufacture of iron of all kinds, from native 

 ores, which is represented by three furnace and 

 rolling-mill companies. The city is well sup- 

 plied with water, lighted by electricity, and 

 traversed on its principal thoroughfares by 

 street-car lines. Within the past five years 

 several large wholesale houses have been opened 

 in various lines of goods, and have met with 

 most encouraging experience in building up a 

 southern and local trade. 



Manitou, a summer resort in El Paso County, 

 Col., eighty miles south of Denver, and six 

 miles from the Harvard Observatory, on the 

 summit of Pike's Peak. The town contains 10 

 large hotels, 3 stone railroad station-houses, 

 and a very large bath-house for mineral-water 

 bathing. The streets and buildings are lighted 

 by electricity. The chief natural attractions 

 about Manitou are the " Garden of the Gods," 

 Cheyenne and Manitou cafions, the " Cave of 

 the Winds," "Grand Caverns," Rainbow Falls, 

 TJte Pass, " Glen Eyrie," and Pike's Peak. The 

 summit of Pike's Peak may be reached by 

 trail from Manitou in four hours. There are 

 9 cold mineral springs at Manitou, 6 efferves- 

 cent soda and 3 iron. The Navojo soda-spring 

 flows 6,000,000 gallons annually. This water 

 and the iron-waters are bottled for the market. 

 Capital employed, $75,000. Manitou may be 

 reached by rail from Denver or Pueblo. Dur- 

 ing 1887 two electric plants were put in opera- 

 tion in the town, a new railroad connection 

 was made, a new stone city hall was built, and 

 water-works with four miles of iron mains. 

 The number of visitors in 1887 was estimated 

 at 70,000. The industries are lime and stone 

 quarrying. The present population is 1,050. 



Montreal, the metropolis and chief port of 

 the Dominion of Canada, on the island of 

 Montreal, in the Province of Quebec, in lati- 



