222 



DENMARK. 



heir-apparent is his son, Frederick, born Jnne 

 3, 1843. The ministry is composed as follows : 

 President of the Council and Minister of Fi- 

 nance, Jacob B. Scavenius Estrup, appointed 

 June 11, 1875 ; Minister of Justice and for Ice- 

 land, J. V. M. Nellemann; Minister of Foreign 

 Affairs, Baron O. D. Rosenorn-Lehn, appoint- 

 ed Oct. 11, 1875; Minister of Marine, Rear- 

 Admiral N. F. Ravn, appointed Jan. 4, 1879 ; 

 Minister of Worship and Public Instruction, 

 J. F. Scavenius, appointed Aug. 24, 1880; Min- 

 ister of War, Colonel J. J. Bahnsen, appointed 

 Sept. 12, 1884 ; Minister of the Interior, H. P. 

 Ingerslev, appointed Aug. 7, 1885. 



Area and Population. The kingdom of Den- 

 mark has an area of 38,302 square kilometres, 

 or 14,124 square miles. The population in 

 1882 was estimated at 2,018,432. In 1880 the 

 population was 1,980,259, of which number 

 515,758 inhabited the towns, and 1,453,281 

 the country districts. The foreign-born popu- 

 lation comprised 33,152 Germans, of whom 

 22,007 were natives of Schleswig; 24,148 

 Swedes; 2,823 Norwegians ; 454 English; 384 

 Russians; 182 Austrians; 138 French; and 

 1,702 of other nationalities. The population 

 of the capital, Copenhagen, on Jan. 1, 1887, 

 was 289,900, inclusive of the suburbs. 



The great majority of the inhabitants of 

 Denmark adhere to the Lutheran or state 

 Church. Of other denominations the Baptists 

 in 18sO counted 3,687 adherents; the Roman 

 Catholics, 2,985 ; the Mormons, 1,722 ; the 

 Reformed Church, 1,363; the Irvingites, 1,036. 

 There were 3,946 Jews, and 1,074 persons who 

 professed no belief. 



In 1880 there were 5,667 emigrants ; in 1881, 

 7,985 ; in 1882, 11,614 ; in 1883, 8,375 ; in 1884, 

 6,307; in 1885, 4,346; in 1886, 6,623. Nearly 

 all the emigration is to the United States. 



The natural movement of population for the 

 last three years reported has been as follows: 



Legislation. The Rigsdag met on October 3. 

 The Left was not present, but held a meeting 

 at which Berg's radical proposals were rejected 

 and the views of the moderate wing in favor of 

 negotiating with the Government were ap- 

 proved. No compromise was reached, how- 

 ever, and the finance law decreed by the 

 Government was rejected by 68 votes against 

 25. The Government thereupon promulgated 

 another provisional finance law, under which it 

 will collect the existing taxes and make neces- 

 sary disbursements during the current year. 



Finances. The net receipts of the treasury 

 from the various sources of revenue for the 

 year ended March 31. 1886, were as follow : 

 Domains, 570,177 kroner; forests, 200,437 

 kroner; reserve and invested funds of the 

 state, 3,843,150 kroner; direct taxes, 9,517,682 



kroner; indirect taxes, 34,272,258 kroner, of 

 which 2,618,526 kroner were derived from 

 stamped paper, 24,366,424 from customs, the 

 tax on playing-cards, and the duty on beet- 

 sugar, and 7,287,308 from various sources; the 

 postal receipts, 224,543 kroner ; telegraph re- 

 ceipts, 129,834 kroner ; lottery, 834,622 kroner; 

 receipts from the Faroe Isles, 63,206 kroner; 

 other receipts, 4,271,366 kroner. The ex- 

 penditure on the army amounted to 10,122,- 

 161 kroner, not including 1,572,033 kroner 

 of extraordinary expenditure ; on the navy, 

 6,142,674 kroner, besides 766,642 kroner of ex- 

 traordinary expenditure; on the public debt, 

 9,550,753 kroner; on the financial administra- 

 tion, 3,059,822 kroner ; on the Department of 

 Justice, 2,969,918 kroner; on the Interior 

 Department, 2,749,833 kroner. The budget 

 for 1888-'89 places the receipts at 54,000,000 

 kroner, inclusive of a balance of 1,500,000 

 kroner in the treasury, and the expenditures at 

 56,000,000 kroner. On March 31, 1886, the 

 internal debt amounted to 180,929,771 kroner, 

 and the total debt to 194,395,438 kroner. 

 The debt has since been reduced by 1,600,000 

 kroner through the payment of the Amsterdam 

 loans of 1764 and 1785 and the Antwerp loan 

 of 1788. This is offset by assets consisting of 

 investments and securities amounting to 103,- 

 112,023 kroner, not including the capital of the 

 Government railroads, telegraphs, and other re- 

 productive public works. 



The Army. The regular army and reserve in 

 1887 ntimbered 1,201 officers and 41,749 men. 

 The infantry mustered 801 officers and 33,192 

 men ; the cavalry, 139 officers and 2,420 men ; 

 the artillery, 175 officers and 4,755 men; the 

 engineers, 61 officers and 1,366 men. The 

 second ban or extra reserve consisted of 294 

 officers and 16,318 men. The government 

 asked in 1882 for an extraordinary credit of 

 72,000,000 kroner to be expended mainly in 

 fortifying Copenhagen on the sea and land 

 sides and in constructing fortresses and in- 

 trenched camps in other localities. The re- 

 fusal of the Folkething to vote the supplies, 

 and that of the ministry to resign in conse- 

 quence of their defeat, led to a constitutional 

 crisis, which is still pending. 



The Navy. The Danish war-fleet in 1886 con- 

 sisted of 5 armor-dads of the first class, carry- 

 ing 79 guns; 3 of the second class, carrying 28 

 guns; 7 cruisers, with 79 guns; 8 iron gun- 

 boats, \\ ith 36 guns ; and 7 first-class and 9 

 second-class torpedo-boats. The largest iron- 

 clad is the " Helgoland," completed in 1880, a 

 vessel of 5,345 tons displacement, which has 12 

 inches of armor at the water-line, and is armed 

 with one 36 ton and four 22-ton guns. The 

 "Tordenskjold," a large torpedo- vessel, is armed 

 with a single 50-ton gun, a 14-inch Krupp 

 breech-loader, besides four 6-inch Krupps, 

 light guns, and appliances for shooting White- 

 head torpedoes. The " Valkyrien," a cruiser of 

 2,900 tons displacement, and protected with 

 2i-inch steel deck-armor, was begun in 1886. 



