DENMARK. 



DEPRETIS. 



223 



Commerce. The total value of the imports in 

 1884 was 274,163,607 kroner; of the exports, 

 178,394,0^8 kroner. (The krone has an ex- 

 change value of about 15 cents). The com- 

 merce was divided among the following class- 

 es of commodities, the value beiug given in 

 kroner : 



The imports for 1885 are reported as 249,- 

 200,000 kroner, and the exports as 162,300,000, 

 divided among the classes in the following pro- 

 portion : 



The leading articles of import and the val- 

 ues imported in 1884 were as follow : Textiles, 

 39, 744, 768 kroner; iron and steel manufactures, 

 19,574,743 kroner; timber and manufactures, 

 18,033,406 kroner; coal, 14,439,286 kroner; 

 wheat, 9,666,253 kroner; rye, oats, barley, In- 

 dian corn, and other cereals and flour, 22,136,- 

 402 kroner. The following are the values of 

 the chief exports in 1884: butter, 31,570,879 

 kroner; hogs, 22,887,090 kroner; cattle, 21,- 

 938,300 kroner; pork products, 13,287,790 

 kroner ; wheat-flour, 7,850,852 kroner. 



In the total value of the imports in 1884 

 Germany is represented by 98,546,948 kroner ; 

 Great Britain by 62,662,078 kroner; Sweden 

 and Norway by 40,070,370 kroner; Russia by 

 16,514,390 kroner; and the United States by 

 15,492,682 kroner. Of the total exports 68,- 

 449,668 kroner went to Great Britain, 57,754,- 

 682 kroner to Germany, 41.078,831 kroner to 

 Sweden and Norway, and 3,590,195 kroner to 

 the United States. 



Navigation. The Danish commercial marine 

 consisted on Jan. 1, 1886, of 3,046 sailing-ves- 

 sels, of 188,923 tons, and 281 steamers, of 89,- 

 815 tons; total number of vessels, 3,327; total 

 tonnage, 278,738. The movement of naviga- 

 tion at Danish ports in 1885 was as follows: 

 sailing-vessels entered (exclusive of 15,258 

 coasters, of 183,229 tons), 16,427, of 754,400 

 tons ; sailing-vessels in the foreign trade cleared, 

 15,886, of 126,415 tons; steamers entered (ex- 

 clusive of 12,105 coasters, of 260,372 tons). 10,- 

 371, of 1,004,609 tons; steamers cleared, 10,957, 

 of 1,381,710 tons. 



Railroads, Posts, and Telegraphs. The railroad 

 mileage in 1886 was 1,214. The Government 

 lines liad a total length of 1,000 miles, and cost 

 up to March 31, 1886, 146,471,475 kroner. The 

 receipts from the state railroads in 1885-'86 

 wore 12,913,386 kroner, and the operating ex- 

 penses 10,617,180 kroner. 



In 1885 the number of letters sent through the 

 mails was 36,724,663, including postal cards; 

 circulars and printed matter, 3,423,362 ; jour- 

 nals, 41 ,385,557. The receipts in 1885-'86 were 

 4,273,209 kroner ; the expenses 4,048,666. 



The telegraph lines belonging to the Gov- 

 ernment had in 1885 a total length of 2,417 

 miles, with 6,757 miles of wire. There were 

 149 Government telegraph stations and 192 

 stations on the private telegraph lines belong- 

 ing to the railroads. The number of paid mes- 

 sages forwarded on the state lines in 1885 was 

 1,261,468, of which 729,056 were domestic and 

 532,41 2 international. The receipts in 1885-'86 

 were 694,565 kroner ; the expenses 824,399. 



Iceland. According to the Constitution of 

 1874, the lower chamber of the Legislat- 

 ure, called the Althing, consists of 24 members 

 elected by the people, and the Landsthing, or 

 tipper chamber, of 6 elected members and 6 

 chosen by the King. By virtue of a clause in 

 the Constitution the Legislature has changed the 

 proportion, making the number in the Althing 

 21, and in the Landsthing 15, of which latter 9 

 are elected by the people and 6 nominated by 

 the King. The Icelanders desire to have a 

 resident ministry and an administration under 

 the control of their Legislature, affirming that 

 the minister for Iceland in Copenhagen, who 

 directs the entire administration, is unable to 

 understand the wishes of the people or to regu- 

 late the conduct of his subordinates. The area 

 of the island is 39,756 square miles, but the in- 

 habited portions contain only 16,180 square 

 miles. The number of inhabitants in 1880 was 

 72,445, of whom 34,150 were males and 38,295 

 females. There has been distress in Iceland and 

 considerable emigration in recent years. 



Colonies. The Danish West Indies are the 

 only colonies of commercial importance. They 

 have an area of only 118 square miles, but pro- 

 duce large quantities of rum and sugar. The 

 portions of Greenland that are free from ice 

 have an area of 33,800 square miles. On Dec. 

 31, 1885, Northern Greenland had 4,414 in- 

 habitants, of whom 2,119 were of the male and 

 2,295 of the female sex ; and Southern Green- 

 land, 5,500 inhabitants, of whom 2,557 were 

 males and 2,943 females. 



DEPRETIS, AGOSTIKO, Italian statesman, born 

 in Stradella, Piedmont, in 1811; died there, 

 July 29, 1887. After completing his studies at 

 the University of Turin, he began the practice 

 of law in his native town. He took part in 

 the agitation against Austrian rule, and by 

 that course injured his professional prospects, 

 so that he was compelled to abandon legal 

 practice, and took the management of the large 

 estate of the Gazzaviga family. He partici- 

 pated in the unsuccessful rising at Milan, but 

 afterward played no part in the military events 

 of the Italian revolution. In 1850 he was 

 elected to the Sardinian Parliament as deputy 

 from Broni , and afterward sat for Stradella. 

 Originally he was an opponent of Cavour, but 

 became his supporter when the National move-. 



