GERMANY. 



321 



Navigation. The movement of shipping in 

 German ports for the year 1885 was as fol- 

 lows: 



The merchant marine on Jan. 1, 1886, com- 

 prised 4,185 vessels, as compared with 4,25V in 

 1885 and 4,315 in 1884. 

 The aggregate tonnage 

 was 1,282,449, as com- 

 pared with 1,294,288 in 

 1885 and 1,269,477 in 

 1884. The crews num- 

 bered 38,931 men. The 

 steam-vessels were 664 in 

 number, as compared with 

 650 in 1885 and 603 in 

 1 884. Their tonnage was 

 420,605. having increased 

 from 413,943 in 1885 and 

 374,699 in 1884. Of the 

 total fleet, 2,525 vessels 

 belonged to North Sea 

 ports, with an aggregate 

 burden of 861.083 tons; 

 and of the steamers, 337, 

 of 297,808 tons. The ves- 

 sels of the Baltic ports 

 numbered 1,610, of 421,- 

 366 tons, of which 327, 

 of 122,797 tons, were 

 steamers. 



Railroads. The state 

 lines of railroad in op- 

 eration in April, 1887, 

 had a total length of 

 33,782 kilometres. The 

 lines belonging to com- 

 panies had a length of 

 4,644 kilometres, besides 

 290 kilometres managed 

 by the Government. The 

 railroads of Germany, 

 Austria, the Netherlands, 

 Luxemburg, Russian Po- 

 land, the joint-stock rail- 

 roads of Roumania, and some of those of Bel- 

 gium, are under the control of the Union of 

 German Railroads, which has its office in Ber- 

 lin, and regulates the traffic and arrangements 

 on the 38,146 kilometres of German lines, 23,- 

 201 kilometres of Austrian lines, 2,676 kilo- 

 metres in Holland, and 2,499 kilometres in 

 other countries, making in all 66,522 kilometres. 



Posts and Telegraphs. The telegraph-lines of 

 the empire had in 1886 a total length of 86,- 

 VOL. xxvu. 21 A 



199 kilometres, inclusive of the 8,551 kilome- 

 tres of Bavarian and 2,958 kilometres of Wur- 

 temberg lines. The total* length of wires was 

 306,038 kilometres. There were 20,510,294 

 dispatches sent in 1886, of which 13,593,456 

 were paid, and 974,890 official internal mes- 

 sages, and 2,433,676 departing, 2,783,237 in- 

 coming, and 725 transit international mes- 

 sages. 



The postal traffic of the Imperial, Bavarian, 

 and Wurtemberg post-offices in 1886 was as 

 follows : Letters, 858,587,550 ; postal - cards, 

 261,056,660; letters under bands, 245,618,370; 

 circulars, 20,187,170 ; newspapers, 539,615,- 

 480 ; money-orders, 64,817,455 ; packages, 98,- 

 654,840, of the aggregate weight of 404,255,- 

 460 kilogrammes. 



PRINCE WILLIAM AND HIS SON. 



Bavaria and Wurtemberg retain the admin- 

 istration of their telegraphs and postal service. 

 The receipts of the Imperial, Bavarian, and 

 Wurtemberg postal and telegraph administra- 

 tions in the fiscal year 1886-'87 were 202,346,- 

 932 marks, and the expenses 175,076,000. 



Finances. The budget of the empire, as ap- 

 proved on March 30, 1887, places the revenue 

 for 1887-'88 at the following amounts in Ger- 

 man marks : 



