322 



GERMANY. 



SOURCES OF REVENUE. Receipts. 



Customs 245,665.000 



Tobacco-tax 8,191,000 



Beet-sugar tax 85,420,000 



Salt-tax 88,555,000 



Spirit-tax 88,188,000 



Beer-tax 17,846,000 



Customs and excise duties of states not in the 



Zollverein 8,208,000 



Playing-cards 1,040,000 



Bill-stamps 6,410,000 



Other stamps 19.684,000 



Registration 552,000 



Posts and telegraphs 29,447,6&3 



Imperial printing-office l,078,lrfO 



Net railroad receipts 16,690.600 



Imperial bank ., 2,108,oOO 



Various administrations 8,129,228 



Invalid funds 26,846,098 



Construction funds 1 ,2CO,000 



Extraordinary receipts 72,597, (91 



Matricular quotas 167,044,406 



Total receipts 745,207,436 



The total expenditure decided on for the 

 year ending March 31, 1888, was 745,207,436 

 marks. An annex to the law fixed the ex- 

 penditure on the Imperial Bank at 138,000 

 marks, and on June 1, 1887, a supplementary 

 credit of 176,085,950 marks was granted, of 

 which 19,408,019 marks were for permanent 

 and 156, 677,93 1 for non-recurring expenditures, 

 the latter to be covered by a loan. Of this 

 80,225,077 marks is devoted to the army ad- 

 ministration, 29,500,000 marks to strengthen- 

 ing fortresses, and 36,314,000 marks to rail- 

 roads for military purposes. 



The debt of the empire, of the nominal 

 amount of 450,000,000 marks, was raised on 4- 

 per-cent. bonds at various times. Issues of 3- 

 per-cent. bonds have been authorized, and 

 5,073,500 marks had been emitted on March 

 81, 1887, while 316,264,473 marks were still to 

 be realized'. An imperial decree was issued 

 on Jifne 24, 1887, for the issue of a loan of 

 238,004,970 marks, the proceeds of which were 

 to be employed in covering the expenses con- 

 nected with the incorporation of Hamburg and 

 Bremen in the Custom's Union, the construc- 

 tion of the North Sea Canal, the army iind 

 navy administration, and the ' completion of 

 the railroad network in the interests of the na- 

 tional defense. When 100,000,000 marks of 

 these bonds were put on the market on July 

 5, 1887, they were subscribed for more than 

 seven times over. The currency notes in cir- 

 culation on April 1, 1887, amounted to 133,- 

 868,475 marks. 



The invalid fund on March 1, 1887, amounted 

 to 492,719,529 marks, besides 3,671,397 Frank- 

 fort florins in securities, and 7,491,884 marks in 

 silver. The fortress construction fund was 20,- 

 479,691 marks; the Reichstag-building fund, 

 19,743,721 marks; the war fund, 120,000,000. 



The budget for the Kingdom of Prussia, as 

 adopted for the year ending March 31, 1888, 

 makes the total gross receipts 1,316,717,307 

 marks, and the net revenue 684,543,761 marks. 

 The ordinary expenditures, including 632,173,- 

 546 marks for financial administration, are 

 calculated at 1,283,120,623 marks, and the to- 

 tal disbursements, including extraordinary and 



temporary expenditures, are made to balance 

 the estimated revenue. The Saxon budget for 

 1887 makes the ordinary expenditures 74,- 

 865,542 marks, and the extraordinary 27,603,- 

 690, which sums balance the estimated reve- 

 nues. The debt of Saxony in January, 1887, 

 was 644,061,400 marks. The budget of Ba- 

 varia for each year of the biennial period of 

 1886-'87 estimates the receipts at 241,491,646 

 marks, and the expenditures at the same fig- 

 ure. The public debt of Bavaria was 1,354,- 

 631,668 marks on April 1, 1887. The budget 

 of Wurtemberg for the year ending March 31, 

 1887, makes the receipts 56,238,427 marks, and 

 the expenditures the same. The debt on April 

 1, 1887, was 424,051,519 marks, of which all 

 but 44,717,397 marks was contracted for the 

 construction of railroads. The budget of Al- 

 sace-Lorraine for 1887-'88 makes the ordinary 

 gross receipts 40,131,931 marks, and the to- 

 tal expenditures 39,090,195 marks, including 

 1,662,033 marks for extraordinary purposes. 

 There is, besides, an extraordinary budget of 

 984,301 marks of receipts, and 2,026,000 marks 

 of expenditure. 



The Army. The peace effective of the Ger- 

 man army, under the new army law of 1887, 

 is 19,262* officer?, and 468,409 rank and file, 

 with 1,500 guns and 84,077 horses. The gen- 

 eral staff numbers 1,972 officers, with 65 sol- 

 diers employed ; there are 513 battalions of 

 infantry of the line, numbering 10,361 officers 

 and 312,495 men ; 21 battalions of Jagers, 44G 

 officers and 11, 81 6 men; Landwehr cadres for 

 277 battalions, 316 officers and 4,862 men ; 

 total infantry, 811 battalions, 11,123 officers, 

 and 329,173 men. There are 465 squadrons 

 of cavalry, numbering 2,358 officers and 64,- 

 590 men, with 62,469 horses. The field, artil- 

 lery, consisting of 365 batteries, with 1,500 

 guns, counts 1,939 officers and 38,098 men, 

 with 18,232 horses. The fortress artillery is 

 divided into 31 battalions, and numbers 730 

 officers and 17,226 men. Of pioneers there 

 are 24 battalions, having 558 officers and 12,- 

 285 men ; train, 18 battalions, numbering 256 

 officers and 6.111 men, with 3,360 horses; spe- 

 cial corps, 326 officers and 861 men. The 

 rank and tile of the army is divided into 55,- 

 447 non-commissioned officers, 19,270 musi- 

 cians, 378,290 soldiers, 3,704 hospital- attend- 

 ants, 10,850 workmen, and 848 assistant-pay- 

 masters. Not included in these figures are 

 1,777 surgeons, 641 veterinarians, 840 pay- 

 masters, 803 armorers, and 93 saddlers. The 

 horses, as enumerated, do not include the 

 officers' mounts and the work-horses. The 

 Bavarian, Royal Saxon, and Wurtemberg ar- 

 mies are independently organized and under 

 the command of the rulers of those states, 

 while all other parts of the empire are under 

 the Prussian military jurisdiction. The Prus- 

 sian army consisted of 14,937 officers and 

 362,468 men, with 66,010 horses; the Bava- 

 rian army, 2,257 officers and 54,185 men, with 

 9,004 horses ; the Royal Saxon army, 1,261 



