374 



IDAHO. 



ILLINOIS. 



of poor men who are not able to make the 

 necessary improvements and work their valu- 

 able mines successfully, consequently they are 

 anxious to lease or sell portions of them to 

 capitalists. For this purpose resort must be 

 had to those places where capital is abundant 

 and seeking investment, and rates of interest 

 are low. Several large and important mining 

 transactions were about being consummated 

 by mine-owners in Idaho with foreign capital- 

 ists when the act to restrict the ownership of 

 real estate in the Territories to American citi- 

 zens became a law. I would therefore earnest- 

 ly recommend that this act may be so amended 

 by Congress as to exclude from ita operation 

 mineral lands in this Territory." 



Indians. The Indians in Idaho are peaceable 

 and probably in as prosperous condition as 

 any in the United States. There have been 

 no murderous outbreaks for several years past; 

 increasing immigration and settlement of the 

 Territory have had their beneficial effect upon 

 them. 



There are five reservations, supporting 4,200 

 Indians, as follow : 



On the Cceur d' Alene reservation valuable 

 mineral discoveries were made late in 1886 

 and early in 1887, and 300 locations have al- 

 ready been made and recorded. 



Annexation. On this subject the Governor 

 speaks as follows in his annual report : " The 

 desire for annexation to Washington Territory 

 is by no means unanimous in northern Idaho, 

 as is evinced by the protest presented to the 

 last Congress. The inhabitants of the Cceur 

 d'Alene section, in Shoshone County, do not 

 desire to be annexed to Washington at all, but 

 would prefer, if Idaho is to be divided, to be 

 annexed to Montana. It is conceded that the 

 bulk of residents of Kootenai and Idaho coun- 

 ties prefer to remain in Idaho. The principal 

 resource of northern Idaho is mining, and the 

 greater extent of its area is mineral land. 

 Washington is practically non-mineral, and it 

 K very apparent to mining men that mining 

 interests suffer in a State or Territory where 

 the majority of the people are interested in 

 agricultural pursuits. Now that the railroads 

 have connected the two sections of Idaho, one 

 of the standing arguments of annexationists 

 has fallen to the ground." 



Climate. The following meteorological data 

 are furnished by the United States Signal Office 

 at Bois6 City, covering the year ending Au- 

 gust 31 : Amount of rain-fall, 13*18 inches ; 

 average monthly rain-fall, 1-10 inches. There 

 was one inch more of rain-fall during the year 

 above named than during the corresponding 

 period of the previous year. Highest tem- 



perature, 100-3 above zero (July 6); lowest 

 temperature, 6'1 above zero (February 25). 

 Average temperature during the year, 50'8 

 above zero. 



ILLINOIS. State Government. The following 

 were the State officers during the year : Gov- 

 ernor, Richard J. Oglesby, Republican ; Lieu- 

 tenant-Governor, John C. Smith; Secretary 

 of State, Henry D. Dement ; Auditor, Charles 

 P. Swigert; Treasurer, John R. Tanner; At- 

 torney-General, George Hunt ; Superintendent 

 of Public Instruction, Richard Edwards ; Rail- 

 road and Warehouse Commissioners, John J. 

 Rinaker, B. F. Marsh, and W. T. Johnson ; 

 Chief-Justice of the Supreme Court, John M. 

 Scott; Associate Justices, Alfred M. Craig, 

 Benjamin R. Sheldon, Simeon P. Shope, Ben- 

 jamin D. Magruder, John Scholfield, and John 

 H. Mulkey. 



Legislative Session. The Thirty-fifth General 

 Assembly was in session 172 days, adjourning 

 on June 16. Its first duty was to fill a va- 

 cancy in the office of United States Senator, 

 caused by the death of Gen. John A. Logan. 

 The Republican caucus nominated Hon. Charles 

 B. Farwell ; the Democrats, Congressman Will- 

 iam R. Morrison. Farwell was elected on the 

 first ballot, receiving 78 votes to 61 for Mor- 

 rison and 8 for Benjamin W. Goodhue, the 

 nominee of the United Labor party, this being 

 a strict party vote. A large amount of useful 

 legislation was secured. Not the least impor- 

 tant act was the passage of a bill providing for 

 the organization of savings-banks, and prescrib- 

 ing their management and supervision. Al- 

 though these institutions at which small de- 

 posits may be received have long been a busi- 

 ness feature of nearly all the other States, this 

 is the first time that they have been legalized 

 in Illinois. The following stringent act was 

 framed to cover cases similar to those of the 

 Chicago Anarchists : 



If any person shall, by speaking to any public or 

 private assemblage of people or in any public place, 

 or shall, by writing, printing, or publishing, or by 

 causing to be written, printed, published, or circu- 

 lated any written or printed matter, advise, encour- 

 age, aid, abet, or incite a local revolution, or the over- 

 throwing or destruction of the existing order of society 

 by force or violence, or the resistance to, and destruc- 

 tion of, the lawful power and authority of the legal 

 authorities of this State, or of any of tlie towns, cities, 

 or counties of this State, or by any of the means afore- 

 said shall advise, abet, encourage, or incite the dis- 

 turbance of the public peace, and by such disturbance 

 [an] attempt at revolution or destruction of public 

 order or resistance to such authorities shall therefore 

 ensue, and human life is taken, or any person is in- 

 jured or propertv destroyed, . . . every person so 

 aiding, etc., shall be deemed as having conspired 

 with the person or persons who actually commit the 

 crime, and shall be deemed a principal 'in the perpe- 

 tration of the same, and shall be punished according- 

 ly, and it shall not be necessary for the prosecution to 

 show that the speaking was heard, or the written or 

 printed matter was read or communicated to the per- 

 son or persons actually committing the crime, if such 

 speaking, writing, printing, or publishing is shown 

 to have been done in a public manner. 



If two or more persons conspire to overthrow the 

 existing order of society by force and violence . . 



