INDIAN EDUCATION. 



387 



Indian Territory, 14; Iowa, 2; Kansas, 6; 

 Michigan, 10 ; Minnesota, 9 ; Nebraska, 10 ; 

 Nevada, 4; New Mexico, 16; North Carolina, 

 8 ; Oregon, 8 ; Pennsylvania, 3 ; Utah, 1 ; Vir- 

 ginia, 1; "Washington Territory, 14; Wiscon- 

 sin, 17 ; and Wyoming, 1. 



As generally illustrating further statistics of 

 special schools we select three, those of Genoa, 

 Neb., Carlisle, Pa., and Hampton, Va. The 

 Indian school at Genoa reports 110 boys and 

 56 girls, including representatives of the Sioux, 

 Omahas, Winnepegs, Poncas, Arikerees, and 

 Mandans. This school comprises one large 

 building of brick 110 by 40 feet, with two 

 wings 80 by 20 feet, and includes, besides dor- 

 mitories, school-room, dining-room, sewing- 

 room, officers' apartments, etc. There is also 

 a farm of 320 acres, where, in the last year re- 

 ported, were raised 1,400 bushels of wheat, 

 200 bushels of oats, and 3,000 bushels of grain, 

 besides garden-vegetables. There are a few 

 head of stock, and among the industries estab- 

 lished here are blacksmithing, horseshoeing, 

 painting, etc. 



The Carlisle, Pa., school reports 344 boys 

 and 150 girls, and includes representatives of 

 forty different tribes. This school does more 

 in industrial teaching, covering carpentry, tail- 

 oring, shoemaking, tinsmithing, harnessmaking, 

 painting, brickmaking, baking, and printing, be- 

 sides farming. Added to the Government ap- 

 propriation for this school the gifts for the year 

 reported amounted to $9,828.11. Eeligious 

 services and general religious teaching are 

 carried on in all these schools through the 

 co-operation of such clergymen as are acces- 

 sible, without regard to creed. 



The Hampton, Va., school reports 77 boys 

 and 43 girls from sixteen tribes, the average age 

 being about seventeen years. This school, be- 

 sides the ordinary primary and advanced teach- 

 ing, has also kindergarten instruction. It is re- 

 ported that in mathematics the Indians excel, as 

 also in geography. Lessons in vocal and instru- 

 mental music are encouraging features in the 

 work of this school, from which developed the 

 colored " Hampton Jubilee Singers," so popular 

 throughout the country a few years ago. The 

 studies and industrial work of the pupils are di- 

 versified by various indoor and outdoor amuse- 

 ments, including games, marching, conversa- 

 tion, literary and musical exercises, checkers, 

 etc., within, and outdoor games, such as ball- 

 playing, quoits, rowing, and athletic games. 

 The farm includes 110 acres under cultivation, 

 43 of which were in vegetables. Of 190 stu- 

 dents who left this school and whose record 



was afterward followed, 106 were reported as 

 doing very well, 54 as doing fairly, 12 badly, 

 and 6 returned to savage life, while 12 were 

 unaccounted for. There were of the total 

 number 54 in Government employ, of whom 7 

 were girls. 



The Congressional provision for the educa- 

 tion of the pupils at Hampton Institute is at 

 the rate of $167 per annum. The cost to the 

 Government was $19,735.39. Besides this, 

 the sum of $13,215.21 was reported as being 

 contributed by friends of the school. In addi- 

 tion to the Indians reported, the Hampton 

 school provides for between 400 and 500 col- 

 ored pupils. 



The schools conducted by the missionary 

 organizations numbered during the year 2,257 

 Indian pupils, the larger number being under 

 the Home Missions of the Presbyterian Church, 

 the Catholic Indian Missions, the American 

 Missionary Society of the Congregational 

 Church, the Board of Foreign Missions of the 

 Presbyterian Church and the Protestant Epis- 

 copal Church, the Government, through the 

 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, contracting to 

 pay a certain sum for each pupil, the sum paid, 

 if insufficient to cover expenses, being supple- 

 mented by the religions organizations conduct- 

 ing the schools. The uniform rate of cost per 

 head to the Government of each pupil is $108 

 per annum, except in New Mexico, Arizona, 

 and California, where $150 per annum is al- 

 lowed. The schools at Carlisle, Pa., and Law- 

 rence, Kan., are reported to be well adapted 

 for advanced instruction of such pupils as have 

 shown a capacity for higher education, and it 

 is recommended that only graduates of the res- 

 ervation schools be sent to them. It is also 

 suggested that the schools at Genoa, Chilocco, 

 and Salem should be used for a like purpose. 



The annual report of the State Superin- 

 tendent of Schools of the State of New York 

 for 1885 gives the number of Indian children 

 of school-age in the State as 1,442, the num- 

 ber attending school 1,050, and the average 

 attendance 555. The amount expended by the 

 State in aid of Indian schools was $8,277.53. 



What are known as " the five civilized 

 tribes " include the Cherokees, Choctaws, 

 Chickasaws, Creeks, and Seminoles. They oc- 

 cupy a portion of the southern and eastern 

 part of the Indian Territory, and number about 

 64,000, distributed as follows : Cherokees, 23,- 

 000; Choctaws, 18,000; Chickasaws, 6,000; 

 Creeks, 14,000; Seminoles, 3,000. Each of 

 these tribes manages its own affairs under a 

 constitution modeled upon that of the United 



