OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. 



633 



Laurent, Frauds, a Belgian historian, born in 

 Luxemburg, July 8, 1810; died in Brussels, 

 Belgium, Feb. 12, 1887. He attended classes 

 in his native city, after which he studied phi- 

 losophy at Louvain and law at Lige, where 

 he was graduated in 1832. After practicing as 

 an advocate for two years at Luxemburg, he 

 became, in 1834, chief of the division of legisla- 

 tion in the ministry of justice at Brussels. In 

 1835 he was named Professor of Civil Law in 

 the University of Ghent. A collected edition 

 of his writings was issued under the title of 

 "Studies in History and Humanity." He was 

 the author also of an important work in thirty- 

 two volumes entitled "Principles of the 

 French Civil Law " and of controversial letters 

 and pamphlets presenting the Liberal side of 

 the question of church and state in Belgium. 



Law son, James Anthony, an Irish jurist, born 

 in Waterford, Ireland, in 1817, died in Dublin, 

 Ireland, Aug. 10, 1887. He was educated at 

 Trinity College, Dublin, where he was gradu- 

 ated in 1838. In 1840 he was called to the 

 Irish bar, after which he was appointed to the 

 "Whateley Professorship of Political Economy at 

 the University of Dublin. He was made Solici- 

 tor-General for Ireland in 1859, and Attorney- 

 General in 1865. In the exercise of this office 

 he instituted vigorous proceedings against the 

 Irish revolutionary party, suppressing the 

 "Irish People" newspaper, and causing the 

 arrest of prominent men on suspicion of their 

 being connected with the Fenian Society. In 

 1868 he was elevated to the bench. He was 

 selected by Mr. Gladstone as Chief Commis- 

 sioner to carry out the provisions of the Church 

 Act, while still retaining his seat on the bench, 

 and in 1882 was transferred to the Queen's 

 Bench division, where he applied the princi- 

 ples of the criminal law against the Land 

 Leaguers with such arbitrary severity that he 

 incurred the hatred of his countrymen. It was 

 in this year that an attempt was made upon 

 his life by one of the Phoenix Park murderers. 

 He entered the House of Commons as member 

 for the borough of Portarlington in 1866, and 

 was active in carrying through the Irish Church 

 Act and the land act of 1870. 



Le Fid, idplphe Emmanuel Charles, a French sol- 

 dier and diplomatist, born in Garlin, in the 

 department of the Basses Pyrenees, March 2, 

 1809; died at Nechoat, near Morlaix, France, 

 Nov. 16, 1887. He entered the army in 1823, 

 distinguished himself in Algeria, became bri- 

 gadier-general in 1848, was appointed by Ca- 

 vaignac ambassador to Russia, returned in 

 1849, and was elected to the Assembly. He 

 was one of the deputies captured in their beds 

 after the coup d'etat, and was expelled from 

 France. He resided in Belgium and England, 

 and was allowed to return in 1857. During 

 the siege of Paris he became Minister of War, 

 and retained this office until the Commune 

 was suppressed, when he was appointed to the 

 St. Petersburg embassy, which he resigned in 

 1879. In 1887 he created a political sensation 



by publishing letters of Alexander II, Prince 

 Gortchakoff, and the Due Decazes which 

 showed that Germany intended to declare war 

 against France in 1875, and was only restrained 

 by pressure that Russia brought to bear at the 

 request of the French minister. 



Lemaire, Pierre ingnste, a French philologist, 

 born at Briancourt, in the department of the 

 Meuse, in 1802; died there, Dec. 17, 1887. 

 After brilliant university studies, he was ap- 

 pointed Professor of Rhetoric successively at the 

 Saint Louis, Buonaparte, and Louis Le Grand 

 colleges at Paris. He retired from the active 

 work of teaching in 1847. He was a nephew 

 of the philologist, Nicholas Lemaire, and first 

 collaborated with him, and afterward con- 

 tinued, the " Bibliotheca Classica Latina." To 

 this he contributed annotated editions of the 

 "Pharsalia" of Lucan (1830), "Terence," 

 " Velleius Paterculus," "Pliny the Younger," 

 "Lucretius," and "Silius Italicus." Among 

 his other works are " Athenarum Panorama" 

 (1822) ; " On History, with special reference to 

 Titus Livius" (1823); " The Liberation of the 

 Greeks," a poem, (1827), and several revised 

 editions of the " Grammaire des Grammaires." 



Leqnesne, Eugene Louis, a French sculptor, 

 born in Paris, France, Feb. 15, 1815; died 

 June 12, 1887. He was educated for the bar, 

 but in 1841 entered the School of Fine Arts as 

 the pupil of Pradier. In 1844 his "Death of 

 Priam " won the grand prize for sculpture. 

 He spent some years in Rome where he execu- 

 ted a copy of Barberini's "Faun," and in 1850 

 he sent to the salon a model of his own 

 "Dancing Faun." He executed a bust of 

 " Stephen " for the foyer of the Opera, and 

 finished Pradier's " Victories," for the tomb of 

 Napoleon in the H6tel des Invalides. Among 

 his other works are "Lesbia," "The Bather," 

 " The Roman Slave," " The Dying Soldier," 

 "The Priestess of Bacchus," " The Dreams of 

 Youth," and busts of Philippe de Commines, 

 Marshal St. Armand, General Dumas, Hippolyte 

 Gu6rin, Visconti, and Adelina Patti. 



Macgregor, Sir Charles Metcalfe, an English sol- 

 dier, born in 1840 ; died in Cairo, Egypt, Feb. 5, 

 1887. He received his education at Marlborough, 

 and in 1856 entered the Indian artillery service 

 in which his father was a distinguished officer. 

 The son was present at many of the battles of 

 the Indian mutiny, and was thrice wounded. 

 In 1860 he went with Sir Hope Grant on the 

 China expedition, and in the march to Pekin 

 received two severe wounds. In 1864-'66 he 

 was employed with the expeditionary force 

 sent into Bhotan, and in this war was twice 

 severely wounded. In 1867 he joined the 

 Abyssinian expedition, in which he served 

 with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. For the 

 next seven years he was engaged in the com- 

 pilation of information relating to the countries 

 west of India, and produced gazetteers of the 

 northwest frontier, giving full accounts of the 

 tribes of Afghanistan, Persia, Asiastic Turkey, 

 and Caucasia. In 1875 he started on a tour in 



