638 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. 



Strakoscb, Maurice, operatic manager, born in 

 Leraberg, Poland, 1823 ; died in Paris, Oct. 8, 

 1887. He first introduced to the American and 

 European musical public Patti, Nilsson, and 

 many other celebrated singers. Not long be- 

 fore his death he published " Memoirs of an 

 Impresario." 



Strangford, Emily Anne, Viscountess, an Eng- 

 lish philanthropist, born about 1834; died 

 at sea, March 24, 1887. She was a daughter 

 of Admiral Beaufort. After his deatli in 

 1857 she traveled with her sister in the East, 

 and described her travels in "Egyptian Sep- 

 ulchres and Syrian Shrines " (London, 1860), 

 a work which obtained great popularity and 

 led to her acquaintance with Percy, the last 

 Viscount Strangford, distinguished as a phi- 

 lologist and Orientalist, whom she married in 

 1862. After his death in 1869 she secluded 

 herself from society and devoted her attention 

 to philanthropic works. Taking a special in- 

 terest in hospital nursing, she went through a 

 course of training in one of the London hos- 

 pitals in order to acquire a practical knowledge 

 of the subject. She founded the National As- 

 sociation for providing nurses for the sick 

 poor and many similar institutions. When 

 the Bulgarian atrocities were published to the 

 world, she collected 30,000 sterling for the 

 aid of the suffering peasantry of Bulgaria. In 

 1877 she founded a fund for the relief of 

 Turkish sick and wounded in the war between 

 Turkey and Russia, and went with a staff of 

 nurses to the front, where she opened field- 

 hospitals. She was taken prisoner by the 

 Russians, and underwent hardships from which 

 she never recovered. In 1882 Lady Strang- 

 ford went to Cairo and opened the Victoria 

 Hospital, in which many sick and wounded 

 English officers and soldiers were nursed. 

 With other ladies she established the Women's 

 Emigration Society in London in 1882. She 

 died while on the journey to Port Said to or- 

 ganize there a hospital for British sailors. 



Stromeyer, August, a German chemist, born in 

 Bad Limmer, Hanover, July 7, 1807 ; died in 

 Hanover, Nov. 21, 1887. He entered the Uni- 

 versity of Gottingen as a student of jurispru- 

 dence in 1825, but soon abandoned this branch 

 for the study of natural science, especially 

 chemistry. In 1825 he went to Paris and 

 there studied under Dumas, Gay Lussac, and 

 Th6nard. A year later he returned to Han- 

 over, but in 1832 was appointed to a college 

 assistantship in Aberdeen. In 1834 he was 

 called to the charge of a factory in Drontheim, 

 Norway, where until 1853 he was engaged in 

 the making of chromium preparations, princi- 

 pally the potassiumbichromate from the chromic 

 iron of Roraas. Failing health then compelled 

 his return to Hanover, where he spent the re- 

 mainder of his life in investigations in applied 

 chemistry, many of which he carried on in the 

 university laboratory in Gottingen. He was a 

 member of scientific societies, and the results 

 of his various investigations are given in papers 



that appeared chiefly in the " Annalen der 

 Chemie und Pharmacie." 



I hricli, Jean Jacques Alexis, a French soldier, 

 born in Pfalsburg, Feb. 15, 1802; died in 

 Paris, France, Oct. 11, 1887. He was edu- 

 cated at St. Cyr, and took part in the cam- 

 paign of 1823 in Spain, became a captain in 

 1831, was transferred to the African army, 

 and remained in that service for twenty years. 

 He rose to the rank of brigadier-general in 

 1852, and was a general of division during 

 the Crimean War. In the Italian campaign 

 he commanded an infantry division. After 

 having been transferred to the reserve in 1867, 

 he resumed active service when the Franco- 

 Prussian War broke out in 1870, commanding 

 a division of Alsatian troops. After the battle 

 of Worth he became commandant of Strasburg, 

 and defended the fortress during the bombard- 

 ment, lasting seven weeks, but finally capitu- 

 lated. For this he was severely censured in 

 the report of the committee appointed to in- 

 vestigate the capitulations during the war. 



Vassal! Bey Lnigi, an Italian revolutionist and 

 Egyptologist, born in 1812; died in Rome, 

 Italy, June 13, 1887. He possessed talents 

 and inclination for an artistic career, but en- 

 tered the Austrian army at the age of seven- 

 teen. He resigned his commission on account 

 of a wound received in a frontier affray with 

 Prussian soldiers. Already a member of a se- 

 cret political society, he was soon afterward 

 forced to flee from the police to Lugano and 

 thence to Geneva, where he became a friend of 

 Mazzini, and took part in the expedition into 

 Savoy in 1834, after which they resided in 

 Paris until the Austrian amnesty enabled Vas- 

 sali to go to Milan as agent of the Mazzinians. 

 He was soon discovered, tried for treason, and 

 sentenced to death. The sentence was com- 

 muted to banishment for life. For the next 

 nine years he traveled through various coun- 

 tries, supporting himself by the sale of his 

 paintings. In 1848 he returned to Italy to 

 fight for the independence of his country, and 

 when again driven into exile after the fall of 

 Rome, went to Egypt, where he became the 

 most zealous and capable coadjutor of Mariette 

 in the discovery and interpretation of antiqui- 

 ties. The events of 1859 again summoned him 

 to Italy, and in the following year he fought 

 with Garibaldi in Sicily, returning after the 

 close of the campaign to Egypt. He held the 

 rank of colonel in the service of the Khedive. 

 His last years were passed in Rome. He was 

 a sufferer from a painful disease, and took his 

 own life in a fit of depression. A public fu- 

 neral was given him by the Italian Government. 



Vlel-Castel, M. de, a French diplomatist and 

 historian, born in Paris, France, Oct. 11, 1800; 

 died there, Oct. 6, 1887. In 1821 he was ap- 

 pointed attache to the Spanish Embassy, of 

 which he afterward became secretary. He was 

 removed to Vienna in 1828, and the following 

 year became a sub-director at the Ministry of 

 Foreign Affairs, a post that he occupied to the 



