800 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 



WEST INDIES. 



tare of 1886, was completed during the year 

 at an expense of $60,000, and the Territorial 

 prisoners have been transferred to it. Their 

 number in October was 103. 



Mining. Until recently no considerable de- 

 posits of the precious metals were known to 

 exist in the Territory. Since 1883 discoveries 

 have been made of gold, silver, and copper 

 ores in three localities in eastern Washington, 

 and companies are now working mines with 

 success. The Oolville district is the largest, 

 and extends along Columbia river in the east- 

 ern central part of the Territory. The most 

 important discovery in this district was made 

 in 1885, about six miles east of Colvilie, which 

 led to the opening of the Old Dominion mine. 

 The ore here found is chloride and galena. 

 Shipments of over $100,000 have been made 

 from this place. The Kettle river district is 

 near the British Columbia boundary. A high 

 grade of copper-ore, gold-qnartz, placer, and 

 galena, with carbonates is found here. Some 

 of the mines have already been worked for 

 three years. The Salmon river or Okanagan 

 district is east of the Colvilie district. In Mav, 



1886, the first mines were discovered on Sal- 

 mon river, thirty miles from the Columbia. In 

 September, 1886, additional discoveries were 

 made four miles south of the first ores, and 

 these two groups, called, respectively; Salmon 

 City and Ruby City, are the present centers of 

 attraction. Galena, gray copper, and silver- 

 bearing quartz have been discovered here. 



The principal known deposits of iron-ore are 

 in the eastern county of Kittitass and the west- 

 ern counties of Jefferson, King, and Pierce. 



The total shipment of coal for the year end- 

 ing June 30 was 525,705'15 tons, and the totnl 

 product of the Territory since coal-mining be- 

 gan is estimated at 2,461,108 tons. The ap- 

 proximate acreage of coal-lands in the various 

 counties is: King, 70,000; Pierce, 40,000; 

 Kittitass, 50; Lewis, 5,000; Thurston, 5,000; 

 Whatcom, 10,000; total, 180,000. 



Timber. The timber-trees are the yellow 

 and red fir, white and red cedar, spruce, larch, 

 white pine, white fir, hemlock, bull pine, tama- 

 rack, alder and maple, ash and oak, cherry and 

 laurel, and cotton woods. By far the largest ar- 

 ticle of export is the yellow and red fir. which 

 is generally classed as ' Oregon pine." The 

 trees from which this product is obtained 

 reach 12 feet in diameter and 300 feet in 

 height, in exceptional cases, but the ordinary 

 saw-logs range from 24 to 60 inches in diatfle- 

 ter. Nearly all the timber wealth of the Ter- 

 ritory is found west of the Cascade mountains. 

 About 5,000 people are engaged in the lumber 

 industry, and the annual product is estimated 

 at about 645,000,000 feet. 



Hops. The hop-crop of 1881 was 6,098 

 bales; of 1883, 9,301; of 1885, 20,000; of 



1887, according to present estimates, 25,000. 

 The last crop is estimated to bring $1,125,000. 

 The vines are universally free from pests, and 

 as the yield is large, averaging 1,600 pounds to 



the acre, growers find the business profitable 

 on an average price of twelve cents a pound. 



Railroads. The total mileage of railroads in 

 the Territory, on October 1, was as follows: 

 Northern Pacific, 564'2 miles; Oregon Railway 

 and Navigation Company, 289 9 ; Mason County 

 lines, 41 ; Puget Sound Shore, 23 ; Spokane and 

 Palouse, 43 ; Seattle, Lake Shore, and East- 

 ern, 40 ; Columbia and Puget Sound, 44'5 ; 

 Olympia and Cliehalis Valley, 15; total, 1,- 

 060 6 miles. The total mileage at the same 

 time last year was 924 miles. 



Exports. The value of goods exported from 

 the Puget Sound district for the year ending 

 June 30 was as follows: Coal, '$1,549,652; 

 lumber, $3,090,696; miscellaneous and prod- 

 uce, $2,527,000; total coastwise, $7,167,348; 

 foreign exports, $1,769,209 ; total exports, 8,- 

 936,557. There were twenty-six new vessels 

 built, and three rebuilt, during the year, of 

 which twelve were steam-vessels and seventeen 

 sailing-vessels. 



Indians. The total acreage in Indian reser- 

 vations for the Territory is 4,086,148. Of this, 

 3,753,000 acres are east of the Cascade mount- 

 ains, and 333,148 acres west of the mountains. 

 The total Indian population, not including that 

 of the Colvilie agency (of which there is no 

 report', is 5,895, of which 1,741, besides the 

 Colvilie, are east of the mountains and 4,156 

 are west of the mountains. 



WEST INDIES. British, fiarbadoes. This 

 island is the most easterly of the Caribbee 

 group; it is nearly twenty-one miles long by 

 fourteen in breadth, with an area of 166 square 

 miles. Bridgetown, the chief town and port, 

 has a population of 20,947, and the whole 

 island 171,860, only 16,560 of whom are white. 

 The island is almost encircled by coral reefs, 

 and has the appearance of a well-kept garden. 

 The Governor is Sir Charles C. Lees. The 

 colony possesses representative institutions*, 

 but not responsible government. The island 

 forms the headquarters of her Majesty's forces 

 in the West Indies. The public debt amounts 

 to 15,700. The revenue in 1885 was 145,- 

 758, and the expenditure 146,134. There is 

 a college and also a good grammar-school in 

 Bridgetown. A lunatic asylum and a lazaretto 

 are kept up at the public expense, and there is 

 a general hospital in Bridgetown. A railway 

 from Bridgetown to the parish of St. Andrew, 

 twenty-three miles, was completed in 1882. 

 There is a station of the West India and Pan- 

 ama Telegraph Company at Burbadoes. The 

 chief industry is sugar-planting. There are 

 over 500 sugar-works in operation, and the 

 annual product is over 50,000 hogsheads of 

 sugar, and over 33,000 puncheons of molasses. 



British Guiana. The population on Dec. 31, 

 1885, was 270,042, including 7,487 aborigines 

 and 92,005 East Indians, besides 3,474 Chinese. 

 The capital is Georgetown, population, 60,000. 

 The Governor is Sir Henry Turner Irving. The 

 American Consul at Demerara is David T. 

 Bunker. There is a good network of roads, 



