28 



ARIZONA. 



In 1890, 93 men and 147 women teachers were 

 employed, their respective monthly salaries being 

 $82.45 and $74.45. 



There is a Normal School at Phenix, supported 

 by the Territory, at which 42 students were en- 

 rolled on the first day of this year. Buildings 

 for a Territorial University at Tucson are in 

 process of erection. 



Indians. The Indian population of the Ter- 

 ritory on June 30, 1890, was as follows: Col- 

 orado River Agency, Mojaves, 640; Pima and 

 Maricopa Reservation, Pimas, 641 ; Pima Reser- 

 vation on Gila River, Pimas, 3,823; Maricopa 

 Reservation, Maricopas, 315 ; Papago Reserva- 

 tion and roaming Indians, Papagos, 5,163 ; San 

 Carlos Agency (Cayotero, San Carlos, Tonto, and 

 White Mountain Apache), Apaches, 2,121 ; Mo- 

 jave Reservation, Mojaves, 551 ; Yuma Reserva- 

 tion, Mojaves, 240; White Mountain Apache 

 Reservation, Apache, 1,920 ; living outside of the 

 reservations, 1,326; total, 16,740. 



Irrigation. The total area in Arizona on 

 which crops were raised by irrigation in the 

 census year ending June 30, 1890, was 65,821 

 acres, or 102'8 square miles, less than one 

 tenth of 1 per cent, of the entire area of the 

 Territory. The aggregate number of farms was 

 1,448, and of these, 1,075, or 74 per cent., de- 

 pended upon irrigation, the remaining 26 per 

 cent, being stock ranches, or farms high in the 

 mountains, where crops can be raised by what is 

 known as "dry farming." The average size of 

 irrigated farms, or rather of the irrigated por- 

 tions of farms on which irrigation was practiced, 

 was 61 acres. 



Taking all the counties in the Territory, with 

 their varying conditions, the average cost of 

 water right was $7.07 an acre. 



The agricultural and irrigable land of Arizona 

 is in the southwestern half of the Territory. 



The acreage at present under irrigation may 

 be regarded as approaching the maximum pos- 

 sible with the present supply of water and meth- 

 ods of using it. 



Constitutional Convention. Pursuant to 

 the act of March 19, Gov. Irwin issued his 

 proclamation calling a general election for the 

 second Tuesday of May, at which delegates 

 should be chosen to a constitutional convention 

 appointed to meet at Phenix on the first Monday 

 of September. At this election 17 Democrats 

 and 5 Republicans were chosen. The conven- 

 tion met at the appointed time and continued in 

 session through Oct. 2, on which day a complete 

 constitution was adopted and signed. This in- 

 strument, contains no test oath or other provision 

 to prevent Mormons in the Territory from vot- 

 ing, but declares bigamy and polygamy to be 

 felonies, and provides for their punishment as 

 such. Other important provisions are as follow : 



No lottery shall ever be permitted. 



The right of way over mountain passes and through 

 canons is granted to all upon such terms and regula- 

 tions as may be prescribed by law. 



The railroads are declared to be public highways. 



The legislative power shall be vested in ti Senate 

 and House of Representatives, which shall be desig- 

 nated the Legislature of the State of Arizona. 



Senators shall be elected for four years, and Repre- 

 sentatives for two years. 



Each county shall have at least one Senator and 

 one Representative, but at no time shall the number 



of members of the House of Representatives be less 

 than twice, nor greater than three times, the number 

 of members of the Senate. The Senate and House of 

 Representatives first elected in pursuance of this con- 

 stitution, shall consist of twelve and twenty-four 

 members respectively. 



No legislative session after the first shall exceed 

 sixty days. The Legislature shall meet biennially on 

 the second Tuesday of January next succeeding the 

 election of its members. 



No appropriation shall be made for charitable, in- 

 dustrial, educational, or benevolent purposes to any 

 person, corporation, or community not under the abso- 

 lute control of the State, nor to any denominational 

 or sectarian institution or association. 



The city of Phenix shall be the seat of govern- 

 ment: but the people may by vote change the seat 

 not pftener than once in ten years. 



Eight hours shall constitute a day's labor on all 

 State works. 



All natural streams and lakes within the boundaries 

 of this State capable of being used for the purposes 

 of navigation or irrigation are declared to be the 



property of the State. 

 The common-1 



-law doctrine of riparian water rights 

 shall never be applied in this State. 



The right of individuals or corporations to con- 

 struct reservoirs and impound and appropriate the 

 surplus and flood waters for sale, rental, domestic, 

 stock, or any beneficial purpose, shall never be de- 

 nied. 



Provision was made for submitting this con- 

 stitution to a vote of the people on the first day 

 of December of this year. 



TheLost Laws. Under this term are included 

 eleven acts of the fifteenth Territorial Legisla- 

 ture, which for more than a year were supposed 

 to be lost, and the validity of which is not yet fully 

 established. The fifteenth Legislature having 

 continued in session more than sixty consecutive 

 days after the day of its first session, a question 

 at once arose whether its sessions after the sixty 

 consecutive days were legal ; or, in other words, 

 whether the law of Congress limiting legislative 

 sessions to sixty days meant sixty consecutive or 

 sixty legislative days. Gov. Zulick, to whom 

 these eleven acts were transmitted for approval 

 on March 21, 1889, which was the sixtieth con- 

 secutive day of the session, taking the view that 

 the legal session must expire on that day, de- 

 cided neither to approve nor return them, but 

 to allow them to fail through the expiration of 

 the session. He accordingly deposited them in a 

 desk in the executive office, and a few days later 

 turned over all official papers and the office to 

 his successor, Gov. Wolfley. The acts remained 

 unnoticed in the Governor's office until Nov. 9, 

 1890, when a demand was made upon the acting 

 Governor for a copy of one of these laws alleged 

 to be in his possession, and on examination of 

 the records of the office the eleven were found. 

 Meanwhile, the validity of the action of the 

 Legislature after the expiration of the sixty con- 

 secutive days had been brcmght in question be- 

 fore the Territorial Supreme Court, and in 

 March, 1890, a decision had been rendered de- 

 claring the session to be legal until sixty days of 

 actual legislative session had expired. Under 

 this decision the entire session of the fifteenth 

 Legislature (which did not adjourn till April 10) 

 was legal ; and as the Governor had held these 

 laws for a period of ten days, during which the 

 Legislature was legally in session, they became 

 laws without his approval. They were there- 



