ASSOCIATIONS F<>K T1IK ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. (AMERICAN.) 39 



:.l-,-ll ; " A New 



in. I Note.-. n\n>ii an Anthr 

 . ion |>. llalstead ; " The < 'o|ii|x>V:' 

 l>'\ lr. Kdward Palmer in CoUma," and " 



: 'men Island," l\ .losepli N. R 



of tin- Fermentation Tube iii Bacteriology, with Dem- 



" N-.t u|.on 

 Anthrac- 



The 



, 



onstrations," by Theobald Smitli ; " Tin- Foraminif- 

 h a N.-W le\jee tor tin- Exhibition of 8pci- 

 i'\ .lame* M. Flint; "A Monograph or tho 

 Carolina Paroquet," \<\ I'M win M. Hasbrouck; 

 " Transpiration, or the !." of Water in Plants," h\ 

 Charles K. Hesse v and All>i-rt !'. Woods; M..VI- 

 incut of Fluids 'in Plants" by William .1. Beal ; 

 |.tion .if Fluid-- t.y Plants," by I.. II. Pa ..... id ; 

 in Plants." b\ J. ('. Artlnir: u Origin and 

 Development of Parasitic Habit in Mallophuga uiul 

 Pedi.'ulidse," by Herbert Osborn; "The Origin and 



I li-v i-liiiiineiit of Punixitism imioticr t.hi> SnrcontidiP." 



in Cpleoptera, in Diptera, in Braconidro, and Ichneu- 

 iiuiniilii', ' and Micro-organisms as Insecticides," by 



V. Utlev: Knemies of tin- lloiiey-Bee," and 



"Abnormal Beeo," by Albert J. Cook; "Notes on 

 the lIoinoloL'y of the'llemrpterous Moth,'' " Kpipha- 



r\ n\ and 11 yi)i)harynx of Odonata," and " The Mouth 

 of ('oi)ris Carolina," and Notes on the Homology of 

 tin- Mtmdibli -." by John B. Smith ; "On the Phylo- 

 jjcny of tin- Ar.-hi'ironiata.'' by Douglas II. ( 'aiii]>ln-ll ; 

 * On the Ejection of Blood from the Eyes of Horned 

 Toads" and "On the Turtles of tin- '(it mis Malac- 

 li-mys," by O. P. Hay; "The Present Condition of 

 tlie Study of the Deep-sea Fishes," by G. Brown 

 Goode ; " On the Importance of a Table at the Naples 

 Station," by Charles W. Stiles; "Further Observa- 

 tions mi a Bacterial Disease of Oate," by B. T. Gallo- 

 way ; Botanical Field-work of the Botanical Divis- 

 ion," by George Vasey ; " Results from Recent In- 

 vi Mi-ations of Pear Blight," by M. B. Waite; " The 

 Spectroscope in Botanical Studies." by John A. 

 Brashear ; " The Persistence and Relation of Faunal 

 Realms," and " The New Zealand Fish Fauna," by 

 Theodore Gill; "A Case of the Loss of Sense of 

 Smell," and "A Novel Color Illusion, and a New 

 Methoa of Color Mixture," by Joseph Jastrow; 

 "Modification of Habit in Paper-making Wasps," 

 by Mary K. Murtfeldt; and "The Fate of the Fur 

 Seal in American Waters," by William Palmer. 



H. Anthropology. This section was presided 

 over by Prof. Joseph JastrOw, who fills tne chair 

 of Experimental and Comparative Psychology 

 in the University of Wisconsin. His address 

 was entitled " The Natural History of Analogy." 

 Analogy was a very predominant method of 

 argument among primitive people. He defined 

 analogy by speaking of infants of a further de- 

 gree of resemblance from a given degree of re- 

 semblance. The various types of agreement 

 differing slightly from the standard were also 

 treated. In almost all savage customs and be- 

 liefs, he said, abundant instances of reasoning 

 by analogy were to be found. In magical prac- 

 ticcs, in interpretations of omens and dreams, in 

 medicinal practices and social and tribal cus- 

 toms, striking instances of analogous argument 

 abounded. The Zulu who chews a bit of wood 

 to soften the heart of the man he wants to buy 

 an ox from, the fetich determining by whether 

 ;i -i irk stands or falls whether a war shall be 

 kept up or allowed to stop; the medicine-man 

 who performs incantations over some personal 

 belonging of his victim or by the use 6f out-of- 

 the-way drugs all these were instanced as the 

 results of analogy or a feeling of analogy. Simi- 

 lar traits in children were described and illus- 



t rated. Hi; said that an abundant field of illus- 

 tration wag found in tin- popular superstitions, 

 folk Ion-, and en-loins that have survived from 

 H lower to a higher culture. The modern dream- 

 l>ook. household medicinal practices, charms, 

 and. in the more elaborate system of details of 

 astrology, the doctrine of sympathies and kin- 

 ilred pseudo-sciences, were tne fields from which 

 he took his illustrations. From this, progressive 

 scientific thought had reached its present place 

 instead of the shifting position once occupied 

 by the argument of analogy. He concluded 

 with : " That which was serious reasoning to our 

 forefathers, now takes its place as a projx-r in- 

 strument for amusement and lies at the b&sis 

 of a joke. This offspring of our race is also 

 connected by history with this earlier form ; and, 

 furthermore, close relation is traced between the 

 by-paths of modern civilization and the out- 

 grown forms of culture among which it origi- 

 nated." 



The following are the titles of the papers read 

 before the section : 



" The Essentials of a Good Education, with a New 

 Classification of Knowledge," by William H. Seaman ; 

 " The ^Custom of Kava Drinking as practiced by the 

 Papuans and Polynesians," by Walter Hough ; " A 

 Linguistic Map of North America," by John W. 

 Powell ; " Jade Implements from Mexico and Cen- 

 tral America," and " Gold Ornaments in the United 

 States National Museum from the United States of 

 Colombia," by Thomas Wilson ; " Siouan Onomatopes 

 Interjections, and Phonetic Types," and "Games of 

 Teton Dakota Children," by J. Owen Doreey; "On 

 a Collection of Stone Pipes from Vermont," and li < m 

 Bone, Copper, and Slate Implements found in Ver- 

 mont," by George H. Perkins ; " The Importance and 

 Methods of the Science of Comparative Religion," by 

 Merwin M. Snell ; "An Experiment in Human Stir- 

 piculture," by Anita N. McGee ; " Relics of Ancient 

 Mexican Civilization," by Zelia Nuttall ; " Bow- 

 Stretchers,'' and " Prehistoric Bows," by Edward S. 

 Morse ; " The Nez Perce Country," by Alice C. Fletch- 

 er :" Relation of a Loveland (OhioJIinnlenit-nt-bearinif 

 Terraee to the Moraines of the Ice-Sneet," by Frank 

 Leverett ; " Utility of Psvchical Study of Child Lit.-.'' 

 by Laura O. Talbott ; " Origin of the" Name Chuutau- 

 o^uo," by Albert Gatsehet ; " Outlines of Zufii Crea- 

 tion and Migration Myths considered in their Rela- 

 tion to the Ka-ka and other Dramas or So-called 

 Dances," by Frank H. Cushing; "An Ancient Hu- 

 man Cranium from Southern Mexico," by Frederick 

 W. Putnam ; " The Length of a Generation," by Cal- 

 vin M. Woodward; "Burial Customs of the Hurons,'* 

 by Charles A. Hirschfelder; "The Messiah Religion 

 and the Ghost Dance," by James Mooney ; " Studv of 

 a Dwarf," by Frank Baker; "Stone Drills and Per- 

 forations in Stone from the Susquehanna Kiv.r." l.\ 

 Atreus Wanner ;" Geographical Arrangement ot Pre- 

 historic Objects in the United States National Muse- 

 um'' "Curious Forms of Chipped Stone Implements 

 found in Italy, Honduras, and the L'nited States," u In- 

 ventions of Antiquity," and " Evideiu-es of the High 

 Antiquity of Man in America," by Thomas Wilson: 

 " Some Archa>ological Contraventions," by Gerard 

 Fowke ; "On the Distribution of Stone Implements 

 in the Tide-water Province," am 1 "Aboriginal Nova 

 culite Quarries in Arkansas," by .Villiam II. Holmes: 

 "Study of Automatic Motion," by Joseph Jastrow; 

 - Ka i 'Survivals and Race Mixture ii Great Britain," 

 by W. 11. Babcock. 



I. Economic Science and Stdtixfir*. The 

 presiding officer of this section was Prof. Kd- 

 innnd J. James, who holds the chair of Public 

 Finance and Administration in the Wharton 

 School of Finance and Economy of the Univer- 



