CITIES, AMERICAN. (Lisu, MADISOH.) 



159 



jeluded within the NYs IVrces Iinlimi KOMTVII- 

 I In- land> of \\liidi an- being allotted in 

 \. an. I riMi,lHM acres of tine agricultural 

 .i/ing land will soon he opened to scttle- 

 ieiit. Va-i amounts of timber will also be 

 :.-. Although 400 miles from the sea, 

 all it mil- is only (iOO fed. and two crops of 

 ui are frequently raised the same summer. 

 irehard- surround many of the dwelling in 

 \vMnn. The town was settled in 18(51 by a 

 party of miners, and on the discovery of the Sal- 

 mon river mines there was an influx of between 

 !-.'.< it MI and i:>.(HM) persons; hut in June, IHIM, 

 moved to the Boise basin. The recent 

 owth has heen since the t'nion I'acilic Railroad 

 ras completed to Kiparia, to which place there 

 now two steamers a week. There are also 

 dailv sta-e lines to the Oregon Short Line and 

 Spokane and Palouse Railroads, at Pomerov arid 

 niontown. as well as to Washington and Idaho 

 wns. The population of Lewiston in 1890 was 

 111. There are 5 churches, 8 banks, 2 news- 

 ipers, a graded school with high-school de- 

 irtment. and a convent school for girls. A 

 mipldc system of electric lighting is being put 

 in connection with the water works. The 

 w < 'ourt House cost $30,000, and is one of the 

 ine-t iii the State. The industries consist of a 

 swery, a flouring mill with capacity of 40 bar- 

 jjs a day, a saw mill, and a planing mill. Twelve 

 miles from the town there is a fine quarry of 

 limestone. The real-estate transfers during 1890 

 ited $500,000. Lewiston is the seat of a 

 "nited States land office. 



Lima, a city of Ohio, county seat of Allen 

 County, in the great oil and gas belt of the north- 

 we-tern part of the State, on the Ottawa river. 

 ?o mile- from Toledo. It had a population in 

 I HIM) of l-VJSl, against 7,567 in 1880, showing an 

 icrease of 111-19 per cent. During the past six 

 .cars the growth has been rapid. The railroads 

 ire t lie Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago, the 

 'incinnati. Hamilton & Dayton, the Lake Erie 

 nl Western, and the Chicago and Erie; and an- 

 other was under contract in 1891,400 miles in 

 length, from the coal fields in the southeastern 

 part of the State to northwestern Michigan. 

 The oil development has reached 50,000 barrels 

 daily, and there are large refineries, with pipe 

 lines to Chicago, Toledo, Cleveland, and Pitts- 

 burgh, in addition to the immense quantity 

 ii.- ported in cars. A natural-gas company has 

 in operation since 1887. The cost of the 

 waier- works plant of the city was $400,000. The 

 drainage and sewerage are excellent. An electric 

 si ivet railway has five miles of track, and $40,000 

 ha\e lieen expended yearly for twenty years on 

 county roads, which are stoned or graveled. The 

 urt house, with stone jail and sheriff's residence 

 >n the same block, cost $350,000, and was erected 

 in 1 SS 4, of Ohio sandstone with rod granite trim- 

 mings. The city building, erected in 1883, cost 

 180,000, and is of brick, :: stories hi^h. The 

 ai'v M .,i valuation of the city in INS!) was $4,- 

 141. .">!>. while the tax rate was :!'.><!. Six banks 

 < :> >of them national) have a capital, in all, of $600.- 

 One monthly, 15 daily, and (> weekly papers 

 are published. The industries include car shops 

 of -' railroads employing over 400 men. factories 



If oil-mill machinery and supplies light locomo- 

 .ichinery, doors, sash, and blinds, carriage 



vuri 



lr.,,1 



^ r 



coi 



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materials, engines, carriages, paper mills, har- 



. l.inieMone jx, quarried for 

 building stone and for the manufacture of lime, 

 which is shipped in large quantities. In ]HHJ 

 the county had HiN manufacturing establish- 

 ments witli capital imc.-ied i, the amount of 

 s::.'_'|::.?<M); L'.Hi!) hands were employed, with 



waget of $670,000, and a product of $4.4<;:!,i<;o. 



The materials used were valued at $3,1?:{,:")0. 



Madison, a city and the capital of \\ ix-onsin. 

 county seat of Dane County, in the -onihern part 

 of the State, 75 miles west of Milwaukee, and 

 nearly the same distance from the western bound- 

 ary line, on a narrow neck of land between 

 Lakes Mendota and Menona, in what is known 

 as the Four-lake Region. It is called the " Lake 

 City." It is especially noted as an educational 

 center, although as a trading and distributing 

 point it ranks second to Milwaukee, lying in a 

 rich farming country, well supplied with local 

 manufactories. The" railroads are the Chicago 

 and Northwestern, the Chicago, Milwaukee and 

 St. Paul, the Madison, Sun Prairie and Water- 

 town, and the Madison and Portage. The popu- 

 lation in 1850 was 1,525; in 1860, 6.611 : in 1870, 

 9,176 ; in 1880, 10.324; in 1890, 13,426; showing an 

 increase of 30-05 per cent. In 1836, when the site 

 was selected for the capital, it was entirely unoccu- 

 pied. The city has an altitude of 788 feet above 

 sea level and 210 above Lake Michigan, and is a 

 health resort for consumptives. The Capitol was 

 built in 1860, at a cost of $400,000, and has since 

 been enlarged. It is an imposing edifice of white 

 limestone, with a dome 200 feet above the base- 

 ment. The park around contains 13 acres, finely 

 wooded. The University of Wisconsin, on Col- 

 lege Hill, was erected in 1850, and reorganized 

 with an agricultural department and experi- 

 mental farm in 1866, and in 1870 a college for 

 women was added at a cost of $50,000. In 1875 a 

 hall of science was granted $80,000 by the State, 

 and from 1872 to 1876 annual grants were made 

 of $10,000 each. The total amount voted by the 

 State for higher education (in addition to the 

 grant by Congress of 72 sections of public land, 

 in 1838) has been $1,203,377.84. The total value 

 of grounds, buildings, apparatus, etc.. is $925,- 

 000, and the total income $189,870. Sixty-three 

 instructors are employed, and there are 800 

 students. The celebrated Washburn Observatory- 

 is also connected with the institution. In addi- 

 tion to an excellent high school there are 6 ward 

 schools, with fine buildings and all modern im- 

 provements. Fifty-four teachers are employed, 

 and the total enrollment is about 1,800. The 

 Stale and city have each free libraries, in addi- 

 tion to those of the university and of the State 

 Historical Society, the latter numbering 58,000 

 volumes. There are 12 fine church buildings. 

 The city owns he water works. Gas and elec- 

 tric lighting are in use. and there are 54; miles of 

 street railway. .Madison is also the site of the 

 State Lunatic Asylum and Soldiers' Orphans' 

 Home. One large manufacturing plant has a 

 capital ot SodO.dOO. and there are about a do/en 

 smaller ones. Plows, agricultural implements, 

 wagons and woolen goods are turned out, and 

 there are 2 large flouring mills. Fine sum- 

 mer-hotels on the banks of the lakes are well 

 patronised. Two daily. !) weekly, and 1 tri- 

 weekly newspapers, 6 monthlies., and 1 quarterly 



