CITIES, AMERICAN. (Tvum, WACO, WALTHAM.) 



173 



,000. Five and a half miles of street rail- 

 .iv opened in l!s>s. In addition to 5 imb- 

 hool buildings, valued at Jfl'J.'i.OOO, in which 

 urollment iso\cr 1, .'(>(> ami :!(l teachers are 

 i here is a high school and a college of 

 Sisters. The city is the site of llcidd- 

 :e, opened in iS'iO, which has 5 pro- 

 ! instructors; also of Heidcll>crg The- 

 al Seminary, belonging to the Reformed 

 Chnrcli. established in 1851. The manufactures 

 include bolt and nail machinery, iron and tool 

 *, churns, washboards, woolen goods, buggy 

 arriage-huilding materials, bent wood,agri- 

 :.d implements. well-boring machinery, 

 s, furniture, sash, blinds, and doors. There 

 ni'ini- and machine shops, stone and tile 

 \ factory, all kinds of light cooperage 

 factories, and '2 breweries. 



Tiler, i city of Texas, the county seat of 

 Smith County, in the northeastern part of the 

 at the intersection of the main line of the 

 iiis, Arkansas and Texas Railroad and the 

 Troupe and Mineola branch of the Internation- 

 al and (ireat Northern. It is also the beginning 

 point of the Kansas and Gulf Short Line, which, 

 running southeast, passes through a fine iron-ore 

 i and the long-leaf yellow-pine forests of 

 the Sabine valley. A road has also been pro- 

 I from the coal fields of Indian Territory to 

 Alexandria, La., passing through Tyler. The 

 division roundhouses and machine shops of the 

 St. Louis, Arkansas and Texas Railroad, employ- 

 ing 5tK) men, are here, as are also the general 

 oflircs. roundhouses and machine shops of the 

 Kansas and Gulf Railroad. The city is a ship- 

 ping point for cotton and fruit, and is beginning 

 nine importance as a manufacturing point. 

 Tin' commercial transactions, exclusive of cotton, 

 during 1SHO were $3,000,000. The assessed valu- 

 ation of property, real and personal, in Smith 

 County in 1888 was $5,617.042. There are 3 

 banks (2 national and 1 private) with aggre- 

 eapital of $400,000. Three large public- 

 1 buildings 2 for white and 1 for colored 

 children are valued at $50,000, the attendance 

 being on an average 1,000 out of a total enumer- 

 ation of 1,395. The public buildings consist of a 

 United States court and post-office building 

 ng $35,000 ; a city halljwhich cost $20,000 ; 

 an appellate court building, $10,000, county- 

 court buildings valued at $50,000; and an opera 

 house which cost $50,000. During the fruit sea- 

 son over 50,000 cases are shipped yearly from 

 the canning establishments at Tyler, and there 

 :-o a car and lumber company, employing 

 1"'| i men, with a yearly product valued at $1,500- 

 i leather company with capital stock of $60,- 

 0(i(i and output from the tannery of 50,000 ricks 

 of leather yearly; a chair factory ; a foundry and 

 machine shop; a harness and saddle and a Imrse- 

 collar factory. The city has a board of trade. 

 The population was 2,423 in 1880, and 6,908 in 

 IN'.io, showing an increase of 18JHO per cent. 

 Eight miles of street railway are in operation, 

 with capital of $100,000. One daily and 2 week- 

 ly newspapers are published. 



Waco, a city of Texas, county seat, of Mc- 

 Lennan County, near the center of the State, 

 in a rich agricultural country on either bank of 

 Hra/.os river, at the mouth of the Bisque, 95 

 miles from Austin and 250 from Galveston. The 





river, which is navigable most of the year, is 

 spanned by a suspension bridge cn-eied at 

 of $140,000 ill 1H71. The railroads are the, 

 HOUMOM and Texas Central, the St. Lou in, Ar- 

 kair-as ami Texas, and the .Missouri, Kansas and 

 . ami in |s!o Waco was the terminus of A 

 division of the San Antonio and Arkansas Pass 

 Kailroad. Kadi of the three great trunk lines has 

 its own depot, and t he city isa shipping point for 

 cotton, wool, grain, and livestock. In 1888theas- 

 scs-ed valuation of real and personal property in 

 the county was $15,197,522, and the total debt "was 

 *MT.:!91, the rate of taxation being 25 cent* on 

 $100. In 1885 the assessed valuation of Waco 

 was $4.300,000 and in 1890 over $8.000,000. Fifty 

 thousand acres in the county produced 20,725 

 bales of cotton, valued at $963,712 in 1688. The 

 city is regularly laid out and presents an appear- 

 ance of uniformity. The streets are wide, well 

 paved and shaded, lighted with gas and elec- 

 tricity, and there are 14 miles of electric street 

 railway. A rapid-transit line was under con- 

 struction the same year to encircle the city. 

 There are two systems of water works, one with 

 reservoir capacity of 6,000,000 gallons, and 

 another, an artesian, which by initial pressure 

 lifts the water from 5 wells, with aggregate 

 capacity of 5,000,000 gallons, into stand-pipes 90 

 feet high on a hill 85 feet high. The tempera- 

 ture of the water is 103 F. The population was 

 7,295 in 1880 and 14.445 in 1890, showing an in- 

 crease of 98'01 per cent. Two daily and 3 weekly 

 newspapers are published, also 3 monthlies. 

 Seven banks (4 national, 1 savings, and 2 pri- 

 vate), have an aggregate capital of $1,245,000. 

 There are an opera house and a public hall. The 

 8 public schools have an enrollment of over 

 2,300 pupils and 36 teachers. Waco Female 

 College (Methodist), founded in 1857, has 160 

 pupils and 11 teachers. Baylor University, one 

 of the largest coeducational institutions in the 

 United States, established in 1846, has over 400 

 students and 22 professors and instructors. 

 There is also a commercial college and a con vent. 

 The churches number 14. In 1888 58 manu- 

 facturing establishments had a capital invested 

 of $1,272,500, employing 911 hands, with wages 

 of $337,660, and yearly output of $2,031.000. 

 Woolen mills, with a capital of $400,000, were 

 twice enlarged in the six years prior to 1891, and 

 a cotton factory, with a capital of $100,000, man- 

 ufactures heavy goods, tents, wagon sheets, col- 

 lar pads, etc. There are 2 flouring mills, 2 

 cotton-seed-oil mills, 2 cotton compres 

 foundries, 4 carriage and wagon works, 4 brick 

 and tile and 1 lime manufactories, 4 factories of 

 saddlery and harness representing a capital of 

 $200,000, 2 planing mills, 2 ice factories, 2 can- 

 ning establishments, marble works, and minor 

 industries. In 18t'9 $20,000 were expended on 

 the streets, which are paved with cedar blocks, 

 and the cost of public and private buildings 

 erected that year was $750.000. 



Waltham, a city of Massachusetts, in Mid- 

 dlesex County, 9 miles from I'.oston, on both 

 sides of Charles river. It had a population of 

 18,707 in 1890, against 11,712 in 18KO. showing 

 an increase of 59.73 per cent. It is especially 

 noted for the manufacture of watches, having 

 the oldest and largest factory of the kind in the 

 United States, upon which" the growth of the 



