284 



FARMERS' CONGRESS. 



16. Washington : The President nominates judges 

 for the new United States circuit courts, namely : 

 William L. Putnam, of Maine; Nathaniel Shipman, 

 of Connecticut : George M. Dallas, of Pennsylvania ; 

 Nathan Goff, of West Virginia; William II. Taft, of 

 Ohio; William A. Woods, of Indiana; and Warren 

 Truit, of Oregon. Louisiana : The anti-lottery and 

 pro-lottery Democrats hold State conventions. Kan- 

 sas City : Meeting of the Missouri Kiver Improve- 

 ment Congress ; $6,000,000 a year wanted for the 

 Missouri and $7,000,000 for the Mississippi. Canada : 

 The Quebec Cabinet dismissed from office by the 

 Lieutenant - Governor. Germany : The Eeichstag 

 passes the commercial treaty with Austria. 



17. Washington : Stephen B. Elkins nominated to 

 be Secretary of War, vice Proctor, resigned. Phila- 

 delphia : Dedication of the Drexel Institute of Art, 

 Science, and Industry. 



18. Colorado : Troops ordered to Crested Butte to 

 prevent conflicts between miners and strikers. 



19. Brazil : A revolt in Pernambuco results in the 

 killing of about 60 persons. Eevolutionary move- 

 ments in Bahia and Guatemala. 



30. Washington: Beciprocity treaties signed with 

 Salvador and Guatemala. Philadelphia : Business 

 meeting of the National Conference on University 

 Extension. It is reported that the Messiah craze 

 has broken out afresh among the Cheyennes and Ar- 

 raphoes. 



31. Washington : A reciprocity treaty signed with 

 Costa Eica ; presentation of the new French Minis- 

 ter, M. Patenotre. Texas : A raid has occurred of 

 disaffected Mexican troops under Garza into United 

 States territory, where they are strong enough for 

 the time to defy the small border garrisons of regu- 

 lars. 



F 



FARMERS' CONGRESS. The tenth annual 

 session was held in Council Bluffs, Iowa, in 1890. 

 Among the resolutions passed was the following, 

 which settled the much-discussed question of the 

 national floral emblem : 



Resolved, By the National Farmers' Congress of the 

 United States of America, that we adopt and declare 

 the Golden Eod as the national floral emblem of the 

 United States of America, and the same shall be so 

 considered and recognized on and after the passage 

 of this resolution, and that the secretary of the Con- 

 gress be instructed to forward a copy of the same to 

 the President of the Floral Association at Athens, 

 Ala., to the President of the National Floral Associa- 

 tion, and to the leading florists of the United States. 



The eleventh annual session met at Sedalia, 

 Mo., Nov. 10 to 12, 1891, and was welcomed by 

 an address by Hon D. R. Francis, Governor of 

 the State ; Hon. Charles Carroll, acting mayor of 

 the city ; and Hon. Frank D. Meyer, President of 

 the City Commercial Club ; to which responses 

 were made by Hon. A. W. Smith, of Kansas ; Col. 

 Daniel Needham, of Boston, Mass., President of 

 the New England Agricultural Association; and 

 Hon. Benjamin F. Clayton, secretary of the Con- 

 gress. Moore's large opera house was filled 

 throughout the entire session. Many able speeches 

 were made touching the productive and industrial 

 interest of the country. Among the notable were 

 those of Hon. William Freeman, of Maine ; Hon. 

 W. Pope Yeaman, of Missouri ; Morris Mohler, 

 Secretary of Kansas State Agricultural Fair ; and 

 Hon. J. M. Stahl, editor of the Quiney, 111., 

 " Call." The running debates were freely partici- 

 pated in by Congressman Foley, of Missouri, 

 Joshua Wheeler, of Kansas, Hon. Richard Dai- 

 ton, of Missouri, Senator H. L. Burkett, of 

 Mississippi, and others. At the biennial election 

 of officers, Hon. A. W. Smith, of Kansas, was 

 made President ; D. G. Purse, of Savannah, Ga., 

 Vice-President ; Hon. William Freeman, of 

 Maine, Treasurer ; Hon. Benjamin F. Clayton, 

 of Iowa, Secretary ; Harry C. Brown, of Atlanta, 

 Ga., First Assistant, and'J. M. Kelley, of Iowa, 

 Second Assistant Secretary. The following reso- 

 lutions were adopted : 



We, the delegates of the National Farmers' Con- 

 gress of the United States, appointed and commis- 

 sioned by the governors of the several States in this 

 the eleventh annual session at Sedalia, Mo., on this 

 the 12th day of Nov., 1891, do declare the following 



questions touching the agricultural and productive 

 interest of the United States to be such as demand 

 attention at the hands of the Congress of the United 

 States, and we deem it to the best interest of the 

 whole people that such laws will be enacted as will 

 carry into effect those principles. 



That the prosperity of the people .depends to a great 

 extent upon the uniformity and equality of the laws, 

 both State and national, and that the laws should be 

 so framed that no class or set of men should derive 

 advantages and benefits at the expense of or to the 

 detriment of the masses of the people. 



That the President of the United States should be 

 elected by the direct and popular vote of the people, 

 and that United States Senators should be elected by 

 the direct vote of the people of the several States. 



That we demand that national taxation be limited 

 to the wants of the Government economically and hon- 

 estly administered. 



That we respectfully ask of the Congress of the 

 United States the enactment of such laws as will 

 prevent the manufacture and sale of all compounds or 

 substitutes as lard that may come in competition with 



Eure lard produced from the farm, unless the same 

 e distinctly marked and branded as such, showing 

 the ingredients of which such compounds or substi- 

 tutes are composed. 



That we demand of our United States Congress the 

 passage of such laws as will effectually prevent the 

 buying and selling of agricultural and mechanical 

 products with the sole view of settling the difference 

 of price between the market value of such products 

 at the time of purchase and the time of the contract 

 delivery. 



Certain associations known as live-stock exchanges 

 have practically taken possession of the live- 

 stock market of Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas City, and 

 Omaha, and such associations by their rules prohibit 

 organized producers of live stock from co-operating to 

 market their stock through their own agent and de- 

 riving the profits of the business, largely diminishing 

 the enormous commission charges. Therefore, it is 

 to the interest of the business of selling live stock and 

 for the benefit of the producer we earnestly recom- 

 mend the legislatures of the States in which said live- 

 stock associations are located to enact such laws as 

 will effectually^ prohibit live-stock associations or 

 other combinations from adopting rules which will 

 prevent free competition in the sale of live stock. 



That the National Farmers' Congress in session at 

 Sedalia, Mo., does fully acquiesce in and indorse this 

 great undertaking by the Board of Directors, and by 

 the United States Commission, of the World's Colum- 

 bian Exposition as appointed by the President of the 

 United States, in their united labors to bring the 

 great undertaking to a full fruition. 



That the National Farmers' Congress, composed of 



