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LITERATURE, AMERICAN, IN 1891. 



or the Essential Mental Operation in the Act of 

 Learning." In the " Educational Monographs " 

 Henry M. Leipziger presented " The Education 

 of the Jews " ; and " Prussian Schools through 

 American Eyes " was a report to the New York 

 State Department of Public Instruction by 

 James Russell Parsons, Jr. " Higher Education 

 in Indiana," by James Albert Woodburn, formed 

 No. 10 of " United States Bureau of Education 

 Circulars of Information," and in the " Johns 

 Hopkins University Studies " we have " The His- 

 tory of University Education in Maryland," by 

 Bernard C. Steiner, also "The Johns Hopkins 

 University, 1876-1891," by President Daniel G. 

 Gilman. with supplementary notes on "University 

 Extension and the University of the Future," by 

 R. G. Moulton, of Cambridge, Eng., University. 

 " Cornell University, her General and Technical 

 Courses," was the theme of Frank C. Perkins, 

 and of individual interest are " St. Mary's Sem- 

 inary of St. Sulpice" (Baltimore, Md.), a me- 

 morial volume of the centenary of the institution, 

 and " Memorials of St. Paul's School," by Joseph 

 H. Coit, D. D. Vol. I appeared of " A His- 

 tory of Dartmouth College," edited by John 

 K. 'Lord. " The Great Conspiracy against our 

 American Public Schools," by Rev. R. Harcourt, 

 has an introduction by Bishop C. H Fowler, and 

 is illustrated by Thomas Nast and others ; the 

 " Effect of the College Preparatory High School 

 upon Attendance and Scholarship in the Lower 

 Grades " was considered by C. W. Bardeen, who 

 also delivered an address, July 2, 1891, on " The 

 Tax Payer and the Township System," and 

 Elizabeth Harrison made "A Study of Child 

 Nature from the Kindergarten Standpoint." 

 " The Relation of the Kindergarten to the Pub- 

 lic School" was discussed by Mrs. Kate Douglas 

 Wiggin, the popular author for children, and 

 Martha S. Hussey proffered " Helps in Teaching 

 Reading." "Conduct as a Fine Art," includ- 

 ing " Laws of Daily Conduct," by N. P. Gilman, 

 and " Character Building," by Edward P. Jack- 

 son, in one or separate covers, is commended to 

 every teacher by Hon. W. T. Harris, United 

 States Commissioner of Education ; and George 

 M. Steele, D. D.. also prepared a text-book of 

 " Rudimentary Ethics " for high schools and 

 academies. " Duty " was a book for schools by 

 Julius H. Seelye. " Literature in the Public 

 Schools" formed the theme of F. L. Pattee, 

 and Caroline F. Cutler devoted a volume to 

 " Primary Manual Training." Books containing 

 instruction and suggestions to teachers under 

 the guise partially of fiction are " Evenings at 

 School," by Clara Marshall, and " Buckeye- Hawk- 

 eye, Schoolmaster, or the Life of Carl Macken- 

 zie, dedicated to the School-teachers of America 

 by One of the Teachers." In " Appletons' Science 

 Text-books" was issued " Appletons' School Phys- 

 ics, embracing the Results of the Most Recent Re- 

 searches in the Several Departments of Natural 

 Philosophy," by John D. Quackenbos, Alfred M. 

 Mayer, Francis' E. Nipher, and others. Charles 

 F. King published Vol. II of " The Picturesque* 

 Geographical Readers," and Jacques W. Redway 

 wrote on " The Reproduction of Geographical 

 Forms." John N. Tilden, M. D., prepared " A 

 Commercial Geography for Academies, High 

 Schools, and Business Colleges," and Wilbur S. 

 Jackman took up the subject of " Nature Study 



for the Common Schools." Among school-books 

 may be mentioned a " Grammar of the Eng- 

 lish Sentence, and Introduction to Composi- 

 tion," by Jonathan Rigdon; "A Briefer Practical 

 Rhetoric," by J. Scott Clark ; " Practical Lan- 

 guage Exercises," by Mara L. Pratt ; " A Brief 

 French Grammar," by William Dwight Whit- 

 ney ; " Lessons in Industrial Drawing," by Mary 

 Isabel Gilmore ; and, in " Appletons' Standard 

 Arithmetics," " First Lessons in Arithmetic," by 

 Andrew J. Rickoff. 



Fiction. As no novel among the 1,105 works 

 of fiction published in 1891 attained especial 



S 'eminence, " Khaled, a Tale of Arabia," by F. 

 arion Crawford, may be placed at the head of 

 the list, being characterized by ail the subtle 

 charm that distinguishes that author, who also 

 contributed "The Witch of Prague." Julien 

 Gordon (Mrs. Van Rensselaer Cruger) wrote " A 

 Puritan Pagan," "Vampires," and "Mademoi- 

 selle Reseda " (the last two stories being con- 

 tained in one cover), and Frank R. Stockton de- 

 lighted his admirers with " The Squirrel Inn," 

 " The House of Martha," " a novel of delightful 

 incongruities," and also took "The Rudder Grang- 

 ers Abroad " in a volume containing other sto- 

 ries in addition. " Mea Culpa " was a powerful 

 but tragic effort of Sidney Luska (Henry liar- 

 land) ; Edward Eggleston depicted " The Faith 

 Doctor " in a story of New York, ridiculing the 

 tenets of his disciples; and, in collaboration with 

 Dolores Marbourg, George Cary Eggleston pro- 

 duced " Juggernaut," a veiled record, from which 

 it would have been as well if the veil had never 

 been withdrawn. " She loved a Sailor " and 

 " A Rose of a Hundred Leaves : a Love Story," 

 " A Sister of Esau " and " The Beads of Tas- 

 mer," emanated from the prolific pen of Mrs. 

 Amelia E. Barr. " In the 'Stranger People's' 

 Country," by Charles Egbert Craddock (Miss 

 Mary N. Murfree) deals with the prehistoric in- 

 habitants of her native State, and from her sis- 

 ter, Miss Fanny N. D. Murfree, came a novel, 

 " Felicia," treating largely of the stage, which 

 aroused considerable comment. F. Hopkinson 

 Smith's first novel, " Colonel Carter, of Carters- 

 ville," portrayed the Virginia gentleman of the 

 old school, while the latest from Amelie Rives 

 (Mrs. John Armstrong Chanler) was entitled 

 " According to St. John," giving a startling in- 

 terpretation to familiar words. " The Mammon 

 of Unrighteousness," by Hjalmar H. Boyesen, 

 deals with the leading foible of American life 

 thrown strikingly into relief ; " Murvale East- 

 man, Christian Socialist," and " A Son of Old 

 Harry " (the last a story of heredity), belong of 

 right to Albion W. Tourgee ; while " An Impera- 

 tive Duty," by William Dean Howells, pleased 

 some and shocked others by its treatment of the 

 race question. "Jerry," which at first appeared 

 anonymously, but before the close of the year 

 was owned by Sarah Barn well Elliott, handles 

 momentous questions ably, if with crudity, while 

 "Dally," by Maria Louise Pool, describes the 

 gradual civilization of a little North Carolina 

 savage. "Ciphers," by Mrs. Ellen Olney Kirk, 

 proves that the charming author of " The Story 

 of Margaret Kent " has lost none of her power. 

 Another favorite. Captain Charles King, pub- 

 lished "Captain Blake," "Two Soldiers," and 

 " Dunraven Ranch " in one volume, and " The 



