MANITOBA. 



MANUAL TRAINING. 



481 





hit ure of this province, yet I am irricved to iniiw from 



among \ou llif lion. \\illium Winrain, wlm, lor the 

 .irs so rtlicicntU discharged tin- rcs|H>n.-i 

 ' Speaker ol tin- l.c^ishitisc Assembly ol' 

 I am sure you will join with me 'm my 

 Mipathy with liis family in their deep 

 ii, ami will, with me, also deplore the loss tint 

 - ha.* sustained hy the death ol this i'uitht'ul 

 nii'l tried puUic M-rvant. 



1 have noticed with much pleasure the increased 

 i whieh is licin_' taken in Manitoba as a place 

 tor immigration. This, no doubt,!.- <lue in ftlftlge 

 measure to the export ol' a larire surplus of wheat 

 and "ther grain from this province during this season, 

 and t<> the exertions of my Government in making 

 known t<> the world the advantaged of Manitoba as a 

 place for settlement. You will he asked to provide 

 means to cnaMe mv (i<ivenimeiit to adopt still more 

 measures to bring about the speedy settlement 

 of tlie large area of laud in this province still unoc- 



cUp'.cd. 



lii connection with the agricultural development of 

 tliis province, I observe with much satisfaction that 

 the farmers of the province have very generally 

 taken advantage of the provisions of the act passed 

 lit the last session of this Legislature respecting the 

 establishment of farmers' institutes. I have no doubt 

 that these institutes will do a good work in securing 

 a hotter system of farming. 



Such progress has been made by the commission 

 apixiinted to consolidate the statutes that their report 

 will he submitted at an early date. Before the con- 

 solidation can be completed, it will be necessary to 

 make a number of amendments to the statutes of this 

 province as at present existing, in order to incorpo- 

 rate them with the consolidated statutes 



I regret exceedingly having to advise you that it will 

 be found necessary to secure further accommodation 

 for the care and treatment of insane patients, in con- 

 sequence of the increasing number of that unfortu- 

 nate class of the community. The number of patients 

 admitted to the Home for Incurables since its estab- 

 lishment has almost reached the limit of accommoda- 

 tion. An enlargement of the present building, to 

 meet the increasing necessities, will have to be con- 

 sidered during the present year. 



The public accounts for the past fiscal year and 

 the estimates for the current year will shortly be 

 submitted to you, from which you will be pleased to 

 learn that the policy of economy inaugurated by my 

 Government has been strictly adhered to. 



I leave you to the consideration of the business 

 that may require your attention, in the fullest confi- 

 dence that your deliberations will be conducted with 

 the single desire of advancing the best interests of 

 the province. 



This speech sufficiently indicates the tenor of 

 legislative proceedings during the session. The 

 total provincial receipts from all sources during 

 the year were $924.431 ; the total expenditure, 

 $1,021.641. A large proportion of the latter 

 is represented by works of permanent public 

 benefit. Manitoba is essentially, and all but ex- 

 clusively, an agricultural country. The product 

 of cereal crops in 1890 was as follows: Wheat. 

 740,058 acres, 14,665.769 bushels; oats 'j:;.V.:;i 

 acres, 9.513,433 bushels; barley. 66.035 acres, 

 2,069,415 bushels. Ac-cording to most reliable 

 authorities, coming down to Dec. 10, the crop for 

 1891 will have been : Of wheat, over 25,000.000 

 bushels ; oats. 14,792,605 bushels ; and of barley, 

 3.197,875 bushels. The average yield of wheat 

 per acre for the latter year was 25-3 bushels, 

 against an average of 91'1 for 1890; the average 

 of oats, 48-3 per acre, against 41-3 in 1890; and 

 the average of barley, 35-0 bushels per acre, 

 against 32 in 1890. 



vou xxxi. 31 A 



MANUAL TRAINING. The jir-i 

 historical sketch of this subject in I In- I'niii-d 

 Slates appears in tho " Annual ('yclopn-dia " for 



1887, tinder the till* BDCCATIOV, INM vrKui.. 



Since IMS; much lias been done to shajx; and de- 

 line it as well as to introduce it into tin- common- 

 school systems. The studies and exercises were 

 then designated tiy many names and the, pur- 

 poses of them were popularly confounded with 

 those of trade school-,. - .Manual training " is now 

 a technical term, standing for a system of edu- 

 catii 11 based upon certain definite principles, and 

 employing a varietvof methods. It is no) 

 an equivalent or alternative term for industrial 

 education, nor for industrial training. Indus- 

 trial education education combining scientific 

 and practical technical training of a certain grade 

 may or may not employ manual training at 

 some stage in its course, but industrial training, 

 as the term was in use a few years ago, is disap- 

 pearing. " Manual training (which, after all, is 

 a misnomer) is likely to stand for the system of 

 inst ruction that aims at quickening the intelli- 

 gence and faculty of thought, observation, and 

 reasoning by means of exercises not of the 

 hand only, but of the eye as well, and many 

 other members and muscles of the body, but 

 whicn does not involve the notion of physical 

 exercise, as such, nor mere manual dexterity, nor 

 of developing skill for the production of a ma- 

 terial object. This is not the system that is in 

 use in many of the schools and institutions 

 named in this article. In some a combination 

 of this with industrial or technical education is 

 to be found, but it is the system that seems to 

 be the object sought through many and seem- 

 ingly widely divergent ways for the common 

 schools in many places, and by the seekers after 

 the best secondary education everywhere in the 

 United States. 



Alabama. The Alabama Polytechnic Insti- 

 tute, at Auburn, introduced manual training in 

 1885, well equipped with buildings and machin- 

 ery for four departments wood-working, forg- 

 ing, founding, and machinery. It has a special 

 appropriation from the Legislature. The course 

 is obligatory upon the three lower classes, and 

 requires of each class three exercises a week of 

 three hours each. 



First year: carpentry and cabinet making, about 

 five months; turning, about throe months. Second 

 vear: pattern making, half of the first term ; followed 

 by molding and casting, ten weeks; forging for the 

 remainder of the year. Lectures on metallurgy are 

 given during thia year. Third year: chipping, filing, 

 and linishinir take the first term, and machine work the 

 remainder of the year. Drawing is taught and prac- 

 ticed in connection with the work of the course. 



Colorado. Haish Manual Training School of 

 the University of Denver has taken account of 

 the older schools, such as St. Louis, Chicago, and 

 Toledo, in fitting up its very complete plant and 

 arranging its course. The shops have the latest. 

 improved appliances for 128 students. The school 

 year is divided into 3 terms, of sixteen, thirteen, 

 and eleven weeks, respectively, and the course of 

 study and hand training is continued through 

 three years. It is a pay school. 



Connecticut. The State Normal School at 

 New Britain has had manual training for several 

 years, under favorable conditions and with good 



