NKW MEXICO. 



NEW YORK. 



577 



for a similar purpose. In Albuquerque the 

 schools have opened with I', 1 trading, under u 

 city superintendent. 



The Agricultural College i-. in full operation 

 at .Mesilla Turk, having 12.") mi|>ils at the close 

 of tin- \car. The Territorial I diversity build- 

 ing IMS been completed during the year, and will 

 1 for tin- normal school at an early dale. 

 The laboratory building for the School of 'Mines 

 is in process of erection. A school for the deaf 

 and dumb ha^ lieeii conducted at Santa Fe during 

 the year, having about 15 pupils. 



Charities. The Legislature of this year tar- 

 dily acknowledged the claims of the pauper in- 

 sane by passing an act appropriating $25,000 

 for an asylum. At the close of the year the con- 

 st ruction of the building had so far advanced 

 that its completion in May, 1892, was assured. 

 The Territory supports, by an annual appropria- 

 lion of $5,000, an orphan's home and industrial 

 school at Santa Fe. 



Penitentiary. At the close of the year there 

 were 113 convicts in the Territorial Penitentiary, 

 of whom 5 were women. .The greater number of 

 convicts have been employed in brick-making. 



Militia. The Territorial militia consists of 1 

 regiment of cavalry of 6 companies, containing 

 L'SO men, and 1 regiment of infantry of 6 com- 

 panies, containing 298 men. 



Lumber. The lumber industry of central and 

 northern New Mexico is increasing. This region 

 contains extensive forests of fine yellow pine. 

 On the Tierra Amarilla grant 5 mills are run- 

 ning, turning out 1,000,000 feet a month ; on the 

 Petacagrant2 mil Is are in operation, turning out 

 about 400,000 feet a month ; on the Pecos river 

 the Cooper mill turns out about 100,000 feet a 

 month. Other mills in the Santa Fe range, in 

 the Sandia mountains, and in the Zuili mount- 

 ains produce about 1,000,000 feet a month. The 

 mills on the Maxwell grant turn out over 1,000,- 

 000 feet a month. 



Irrigation. In New Mexico crops were raised 

 by irrigation in the census year ending June 80, 

 1890, on 91,745 acres, or 143-35 square miles a 

 little more than one tenth of 1 per cent, of the 

 entire area of the Territory. The aggregate 

 number of farms was 4,174 (not including those 

 of the Pueblo Indians), and of these 3.085, or 

 nearly three fourths, depended upon irrigation. 

 The average size of irrigated farms, or rather of 

 irrigated portions of farms, was 30 acres. 



Stock-raising. The number of cattle re- 

 turned for taxation in 1890 was 1,129,088. Ow- 

 ing to considerable losses in some localities dur- 

 ing the winter, it is probable that the number 

 has not increased in the mean time. Their as- 

 sessed valuation in 1890 was $9,336.038.50. The 

 number of sheep in 1890 was 1,172,249, valued at 

 $1.202.603; the number of horses, 52,465, valued 

 at $1,201,105; the number of mules, 2,713, val- 

 ued at $1 12,734 ; swine, 5,319. valued at $15,399 ; 

 goats, 55,775, valued at $61,127; and burros, 

 8,091, valued at $16,197.50. 



Mining. The mining industry throughout 

 the Territory has increased in amount and profit 

 during the past year. The beneficial effect- <'f 

 the tariff on lead are seen in all the Oampewhere 

 an argentiferous galena is the staple ore. Re- 

 lievrd of competition with the ill-paid labor of 

 Mexico, every such mine is running to its full 

 voi* xxxi. 37 A 



capacity, and the smelters are not ul<lc to : 

 all the ore that is produced. Thii will probably 

 result in the establishment of a large smelting 

 plant at Cerrillo. From the Ix.rdt r- of Colorado 

 to the Mexican line general prosjM-nty pre\ails 

 in mining matters. The total mineral product 

 for 1890 was almost exactly $3,000,000. 



Klcctinn Dispute. Tin- beginning of the 

 year found two of the outgoing county -mmi-- 

 sioners of Santa Ft: County, John II. Sloan anil 

 Teodoro Martinez, and the deik of the board, 

 Pedro Delgado, lying in the county jail for < < n- 

 tcmpt of the orders of Justice Seeds of the T. r- 

 ritorial District Court. The offense of the com- 

 missioners consisted in disobeying the in junction 

 of the court by issuing certificates of election to 

 the Democratic candidates for cert >iin local and 

 Territorial offices voted for at the election of 

 November, 1890, and in refusing to canvass tin- 

 vote of all the precincts of said county at tin- 

 election, as the court had ordered. (For a state- 

 ment of the events prior to Jan. 1, 1891, which 

 ended in the imprisonment of these officials, see 

 the "Annual Cyclopaedia" for 1890, page 610.) 

 The offense of Delgado arose from his refusal to 

 recognize or record the doings of the Republi- 

 can county commissioners, who had been recog- 

 nized by Justice Seeds as the legal board. % On 

 Jan. 12 the imprisoned commissioners caused a 

 writ of habeas corpus to be sued out of the Ter- 

 ritorial Supreme Court, for the purpose of bring- 

 ing the question of the legality of their impris- 

 onment Defore that court. A hearing was had, 

 and early in February that court (Chief-Justice 

 O'Brien dissenting) decided that the district 

 court had full jurisdiction to issue the orders 

 that it had made respecting the duties of the 

 commissioners, and that the petitioners were in 

 contempt for disobedience thereof, and remand- 

 ed them to jail until they should pay the fine of 

 $200 each and costs, imposed by the district 

 court. From this decision an appeal was allowed 

 to the United States Supreme Court, pending 

 which the court released the prisoners on bail. 



Meanwhile clerk Delgado in January had sued 

 out a similar writ of habeas corpus, bringing his 

 case also before the Territorial Supreme Court. 

 A decision was rendered in this case in Febru- 

 ary, in which the court (Justice O'Brien again 

 dissenting) found no excuse for the disobedience 

 of the orders of Justice Seeds. An appeal to the 

 United States Supreme Court was allowed, but 

 in this case the court refused to release the pris- 

 oner on bail. The United States Supreme Court 

 reached a decision late in May, sustaining the 

 decree of the Territorial court. Nothing then 

 remained for Delgado but to stay in prison in- 

 definitely, or obey the court by recognizing the 

 Republican board of commissioners and carrying 

 out their orders as their clerk. The latter co'urse 

 he finally decided to take early in June, after he 

 had been incarcerated nearly five months. Tho 

 commissioners were also obliged to submit ni:d 

 pay their fine, thus ending a most remarkable 

 attempt to defy a legal tribunal. 



NEW YORK, a Middle State, one of the 

 original thirteen, ratified the Constitution July 

 26, 1788; area. 49,170 miles. The population, 

 according to each decennial con-us, was 340.120 

 in 17!H); .WMtfl in 1SOO; 9o9.049 in 1810; 

 1,372,111 in 1820; 1,918,608 in 1830; 2,428,921 



