OIU-ITAKIKS, I-'OKKKJX. (A'BgCKKTT-IULlUCKDA.) 



Coxsavkie ; in is.;;; '.;.; ,,t Ithacu ; in 186<V-'T2 at Clav- 

 cruck ; in IS 1 -' '!< at Saybni.k, ('mm. ; and after- 

 ward, till his health li'ivrd linn to m\>- up tin: mini- 

 tr\, at Wollaston Heights. Ma--.. Mi- was editor n! 



" The Christian lntrllii.'<-ii< i i-r " in 1^" '-;, ami i>ii.-..t 

 it.> week I \ correspondent^ till short I \ I priori- his death, 

 writing uiulrr tlii- pen name nt ' < >ld ( '<>li>n\ ." He 

 rote regularly I'or "Tlu- Christian at Work.'' 

 tin- Ni-w York " Observer," and other religion.- peri- 

 odical*. l>r. Zahriftkic published "Story of a L"\c," 

 '(ioldcii I-'nnt tVoui liililc Tn . -." IV -ion-. St. .n. >." 

 ami it life ot' llorai-i- tlivcley in tin- " Aim-riran Ora- 

 tors and Reformers " scries i New York. IS'.MI,. 



OlUTl AKIKS, FOKKKiN. A'Beckett, Gilbert 

 Arthur, an Kngli.sh dramatist, horn in London in Is:;; ; 

 dii-d there, Oct 1">, l s '.'l. lie was the son of (iill)i-rt 

 Abbott A 'Beckett, author of the - < 'oini.- Mlackstom-"; 

 \vas educated at Wi-stmiiistrr Si-hool and Christ 

 Church, Oxford, and was a clerk in the treasurv until 

 la- turnt-d his attention wholly to liti-ratinv. ills dra- 

 matic pieces have been produced n all tin- principal 

 London theatres. lie was the author of many siic- 

 ee.-st'nl MHiirs and of the lilirettos ol Canterbury Pil- 

 grims'' and ' Savonarola," operas by Dr. V'illiei-s 

 Stanford, and with Herman Mcrivale he produced 

 the poetic drama eal led " The White Pilgrim." He 

 was also a composer of ballads, which were published 

 under an assumed name, and for the last twelve \ i ar- 

 <>f his life he was one of the best-known contributors to 



" PlUicll." . 



Acollas, Emile, a French writer on juris] >rudence, 

 born in IN-.M; died in I'aris, Oct. 17, 1891. He was 

 secretary to the Democratic Committee of the Indrc 

 Department in the revolution of 1848, and was 

 elected to the Legislative Assembly in 1841*. He 

 lectured on jurisprudence in France* from 1850 till 

 1866, wlu-n he was condemned to a year's imprison- 

 ment for his open declaration in favor of a republic 

 at the meeting of the Democratic Federation in Ce- 

 neva. On his release he accepted the chair of Juris- 

 prudence in the University of Bern. Returning to 

 France after the fall of the empire, he endeavored to 

 establish courses of lectures on law for working men. 

 In 1876 he was supported by Garibaldi in an unsuc- 

 cessful attempt to win one of the Paris seats in the 

 Chamber. He founded " La Science P.olitique," a re- 

 view, in is7s, and published "('ours Klemcntairc du 

 l>roit,'' " Droit et Libert c," an essay on paternity, 

 and one on the religious and Papal question. 



Agar. Florence Leonide Charvin, known on the stage 

 as Madame, a French actress, born in Valence, Sept. 

 18,1836; died in Algeria, AULT. 17, 1801. She went 

 to Paris in l-C,s and pla\ed in the music halls till she 

 was advised to attempt tragedy, for which she was 

 fitted by her strong and mobile face and her resonant 

 voice. She made her ili'lmt in " 1'hcdrc " at the 

 odeon and achieved an instantaneous sin-cess ; then 

 created brilliantly therdb of Silvia in Coppee's " I'us- 

 saut. v in which fearah Bernhardt liad a great success 

 in the part of Znnetto. Madame Ai_ r arwas admitted 

 to the Come"die Franchise in 1871, remained two 

 years, and at'tcr successful tours in the provinces and 

 abroad she returned in 1878 to create one of the chief 

 parts in " Fourchambaiilt," by Kinile Augier, after 

 which she let't to star ayain. 



Agop, Paaha Kassassian, a Turkish statesman, born 

 in Constantinople in I*:::; , died then-. Sept. i-.i. ism. 

 He was the son of a poor Armenian trader, and had 

 not the advantage ot an education. His first public 

 appointment was a place on the police board of 

 Gulata. In 1873 he received a higher appointment, 

 of which he was soon deprived on account of his re- 

 ligion, that of the orthodox Armenians. Hccomiinr 

 drairoinan of the Ottoman bank, lie made the ac- 

 quaintance in his frequent calls at the palace of Os- 

 maii I'asha, the Sultan's chamberlain, through whose 

 protection he was nominated l>y the Padishah a Mu- 

 dir of tin- Civil List in l^M, and quickly advanced 

 to the head of this ministry and made a pasha. He 

 \\as Minister of Finance for two months in Isss. ami 

 recalled to that post in 1889, holding it till his 



death. Hi IH collated a loan with the (unnun batik 



and arniiicecl with UotliM-hild lor tin- I-.IIMI 



the priority and Salieh l>ond.~. Ib- li tithe impreMioQ 



on all who" came in contact with him uw Mini 



the Civil Lint or Miniftcr of Finuiici- of u hirictly 



honi-M man, win mi- single aim wu to intP<du< . 



into tin- chaoM of the ottoman tinan<-e and ti 



pe rial civil list. 



Alaroon. Fodro Antonio do, a Spanihh novelist, l.rn in 

 Is:::;; died in Madrid. .Inly -jo, ih',.1. Jl^ wah origin- 

 ally destined b\ his tulnilv for the pru>tho<l, but fol- 

 lowed an im|K-rative literary iminilM-, and U-.-amc a 

 master in the art of writing novels and short stories. 

 Many of his works of this description has* 

 translated into nearly every lan^ua^c. H'IH r< 

 W8reHOi M good, aod his es.sa\s in the drama Miii- 

 not MTV Micces.-liil. Hi- wrote'also on political ub- 

 jeet- without making an im|)ression. 



Alimonda, Gaetano, an ltalianj>relate. tx>m in Ccnoa, 

 Oct. ^:;. ]sls; .li,.,! in !{,,. May 30, 1891. He en 

 tcred the pi-iesthood at an early age, and I" 

 lamous as a preacher throughout Italy; was created 

 Bishop of Albenga in 1877, and on May 12, 1889, was 

 made a cardinal, under the title of Santa Maria in 

 Transpontina. by Leo XIII. In Ibs.'j he w as ap]>ointcd 

 to the metropolitan see of Turin. 



Aioo- Valley, Count Ludwig, a (k-nnan diplomatist, 

 born in Bavaria in 1*45; died in Berlin, Oct. 1.",. 

 iv.M. He was educated at Munich, where he studied 

 law in the university, and in 1867 entered the diplo- 

 matic service as secretary to the Bavarian legation 

 near the Vatican. As a member of the Ked Croas 

 Association he wassinadc a prisoner by the French, 

 anil would have been shot on suspicion' that he was a 

 spy had not the intervention of President Thiersbet-n 

 obtained. In Ifs71 he was sent to Washington us 

 secretary of the German legation, and in the tollow- 

 iiiL r \ i ar was transferred to Vienna, where he married 

 the famous actress .lanisch. which led to his tempo- 

 rary dismissal from the im]>crial service. After his 

 reparation from his wife he was again taken into 

 favor, and served successively us secretary to the 

 legations at Madrid, Paris, Lo'ndon, and tlie Quiri- 

 nal ; went to Cairo as consul-general in 188'); and in 

 1888 was appointed minister plenipotentiary and en- 

 voy extraordinary to the I'nited States, an oihcethat 

 he still held at the time of his death. 



Anbe, Admiral, a French sailor,died in Toulon, Jan. 

 7, 1891. He was Governor of Martinique in 1879, 

 and was called to the head of the Ministry of Marine 

 in the followm;.' year. He held that huge ironclads 

 were useless for maritime defense, and that they 

 should be replaced bv a system of torpedo flotillas 

 and gunboats. While in office ha instituted a new 

 policy on these lines, but his successors have departed 

 from his programme. 



Balmaceda, Jos6 Manuel, ex-President of Chili, born 

 in IHn; died in Santiago, Sept 11. 1891. He came 

 of an old and wealthy Chilian family, and was edu- 

 cated in the Seminario Concilias of Santiago with the 

 intention that he should follow the priestly vocation. 

 For this he had no inclination, and after a lively 

 youth he plunged into politics as soon as his studies 

 w.civ completed, joining theClubde la Ket'orma, com- 

 posed of vounir men of advanced ideas, whodi- 

 Far-reaching schemes for liberalizing the Constitution 

 of 1880. His gifts as an orator and capacity for leader- 

 ship made him the dominant spirit in the club, and 

 when he entered Congress at the age of twciity-eitfht 

 he wa^ already marked out as a coming political leader, 

 uaul at once took u prominent part in the proceedings. 

 Soon his eloquence and skill in debate \\nii tor him 

 tin- place <>f parliamentary chief of the LiU-rul 

 party, coniix>sed of the progiwahra youmr men of the 

 country, who aimed at the extension of popular edu- 

 cation as a preliminary step toward democracy. This 

 was the dominant party in Con-rivs-. outnumbering 

 the Conservative or Clerical party and the Nationals 

 who had co-operated in the anti < 'lerical contest, but 

 recoiled from democratic reforms -both combined. 

 In advance of his party he advocated, in Is74, the 



