nl'.l rCAKIKS, FOREIGN. (BE*o BOULAXOER.) 



Berg, Chrirtian, n Danish statesman. ln.ni inT jnltring, 

 MW Lemvitf, in December, Is-J-.i; died iii < ',i|ii-iilui 

 gen. Nov. -_'7, l*'.'l. ll<- was tin- ,-<iii nt' a liiriiirr, and 

 until la- became prominent in politics he followed the 



lull iif a teacher, lie was elected a DcMitv fur 

 Koldini: i" 1 s1 '-"'. an.! ill Is7n became one of th lead 

 er- of tin- Left. In 1*77 lit- wa> choM-n chief <>f the 



Kmliral op position. From i*M be edited the party 



or.'aii tin- " Mo|-..'ciibladot." In I**:: In- wa- i-li-i-ti-'.l 



President of tin- Foikething. His bold and aggressive 



attacks mi tin- KMrup ministry caused him t" be 

 arn-.-ti-l in ISM; aiul M-nti-iu-i-il t<> prison tor >i\ 

 months. Ch'u-tly through his energy tin- IOIILT strug- 

 gle tor parliamentary government ami ministi-rial rc- 

 spon-ihility lias been kept up till the present tiim-. 



Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna, a Russian philosopher, 

 horn in tin- south of Russia al>out |.*-jn; died in Lon- 

 don, Ma\ *. iv.il. Sin- was descended on her lather's 

 bide from a noMc t'amily in Mecklenburg nnd through 

 her mother from the princely family of DolgoroKL 

 She wa> married at thea^'i-of seventeen to Baron Bla- 

 vat>ky. a >exigcnarian functionary holding a high 

 ottice in Titlis, hut left him at the end of three months 

 and traveled through Turkey. (I recce, and Kgypt. 

 Afterward >hc lived a lonir time in the I nited States 

 and Canada, studying the Indian race and traditions, 

 and the mystic sects among tin- ncirroes. (loinir next 

 to the East, she made an attempt to i-ntcr Tihct.and, 

 failing in this, she traversed the British mul Dutch 

 Indies. M-cking t-> penetrate the mysteries of 

 Buddhism and other Oriental beliefs. En 1856 she 



made another effort to reach tin- stronghold of Bud- 

 dh'iMii in Tibet, and by virtue of her courage and an 

 Oriental disguise she succeeded, although her three 

 companions were stopped. Sin- underwent a hundred 

 adventures in the deserts of that unknown country, 

 and visited Turkestan also. After this she returned 

 to the Caucasus, an<l then revisited (i recce and Kgypt, 

 nnd in the latter country established a society for the 

 study of modern spiritualism. Giving herself up to 

 Investigations of philosophy, psychology, and mysti- 

 cism, she evolved a system of belief, and, in 1875, in 

 conjunction with an American disciple, Col. Olcott, 

 she' founded the Theosophical Society, the curious 

 tendencies of which in matters of religion nnd phi- 

 losophy have attracted n great number of minds and 

 have made many adepts. The esoteric doctrine of 

 the sect that she founded, which looks to a sort of 

 revival of Buddhism, she revealed in n voluminous 

 series of works, the titles of which are: "Isis Un- 

 veiled," "The Secret Doctrine," "Synthesis of Sci- 

 ence, Religion, and Philosophy," "key to Theoso- 

 phy," and " Voices of Silence." She also established 

 n review in London, with the name of "Lucifer." 



Bodichon. Barbara Leigh Smith, an English philan- 

 thropist, born in Wntlington, Sussex, in ls^7; died in 

 Bobertsbridge. SUSM-X, .June n. isui. She was a 

 daughter of Benjamin Smith, Liberal member of 

 Parliament for Norwich ; was unconventionally edu- 

 cated, and became at an early age a public champion 

 of woman's emancipation and various social reforms, 

 conducting, with Bessie Parkes. who became Madame 

 Belloc. the KiiL'lish woman's Journal." In ls.">7 she 

 married I>r. Kuircnc Bodichon, of Algiers, a dis- 

 tinguished French physician and writer, but did not 

 work for the improvement of the legal status 

 of women. She joined Emily I >avies in advancing a 

 scheme in 1 M;I; for the university education of women, 

 which resulted in the establishment of Merton Col- 

 lege. In l*'.!i she published the " Brief Summary i-f 

 the Laws of Kiiirland concerning Women," and the 

 fruit of her c Hints in this tield was the marricd- 

 womcii's property act. Madame Bodichon was an 

 artist of considerable note. She exhibited in the 

 Academy, the Salon, and elsewhere water colors in 

 which the poetic Dualities of natural scenery were 

 brought out, with original talent and power. She was 

 George Kliot's bosoni friend, and was intimate with 

 many distinguished thinkers and poets. 



Boisgobey, Fortune 1 de, a French novelist, died in 

 Paris, March 4, IS'JI. He was tho author of many 



romance, in tin- vein of (.aborinu, which 

 Acecdingly |>opulur. H'm mumble i|imliii< 

 gained him many friend-, and lie took it lively int<-r- 



<.( in athletic MM)rt. Fortune time bel'ore hlmlcuth 



In- wax confined in an iiyliiiii. 



Bonaparte, Prince Louii Luden, a French phi|.,|giM. 

 born in Thorngrowe. m-ar \V orccMer. Kngland, Juii. 

 , l*l;i; died iii Falio, Italy, Nov. 4. l-'.'l. II 

 the M-cond soil bv his M-eond wifi- of Prilici- J.ileien 

 Bollllpaite. the elder brother of the KlnjxTor Nuj>- 

 Ici'ii. who ill i-oiiM-i|iieiice of a family <|iiarrel XMIK dis- 

 graced and excluded from the honor* and di^nit'ie* 

 conferred on the younger two brothers and their de- 

 scendants. The head of the family, which in the 

 elder branch of the Bonaparte family and under tin- 

 law of primogeniture would come tirM in the order of 

 the imperial SIICCCSMOII, is the late Prince l.iicimV half- 

 brother. Cardinal Bonaparte. Lucien was educated 

 ill Kngland, where his father resided after the i|iiar- 

 ivl, and pa.-sed many years in the tinted Stat- 

 voting himself to lingui.-tic studic> and chemistry. 

 In 1M-'! he was chosen a l)eputy for Corsica, but the 

 election was ]ironounccd invalid. Soon afterward he 

 was admitted to the Legislative Assembly it-- a Deputy 

 tor the Seine. 1 1< supported his cousin Loui.- Naj'- 

 leon. and after the f<>uj> <l< /-tut w as nominated a Sena- 

 tor and received the title of prince and the riirht to be 

 ad'lressed as Highness. Devoting himself chiefly to 

 his philological and scientific studies, he published 

 many memoirs and achieved a scientific reputation 

 chietly throuirh his thorough investigation of the 

 Basque language. He married Marianne Cechi. the 

 daughter of a sculptor of Lucca, in 1*:;:.', but lived 

 apart from her for many years and left no children. 

 His wife. Marianne Bonaparte, born in Lucca. March 

 27, 1812, lived in Ajaccio, Corsica, and died there on 

 March 17. 1 *'.'!. 



Boulanger, Georges Ernest Jean Marie, French soldier 

 and ex-Minister of \Var. born in Kenin-s. April -JH. 

 Is:i7 : died in Brussels. Belgium, Sept. '. l*!'l. (For 

 a sketch of his life previous to his appointment to 

 the Ministry of War and a steel portrait, see the 

 ''Annual Cyclopaedia" for 1886.) He was popular 

 with the soldiers of the army and known as their 

 friend, though he had little fame outside when he 

 was called to the Ministry of War in the Cabinet 

 formed by M. de Freycim-t on .Ian. 7. I- 1 -". He ap- 

 plied himself to improving the conditions of the sol- 

 dier's life, obtaining the approbation of all who wished 

 to see the army strong, and, aided by the friendship 

 of his relative M. Cidmenceau, was' pushed forward 

 into political prominence by the Kxtreme Left. Em- 

 bracing this rfilt, lie took the lead in the measures 

 for the expulsion of the Orleans princes, fought a 

 duel with Baron Lareintv. and his grow ing ]>opular- 

 ity was scarcely injured by the publication of a serv- 

 ile letter that he wrote as a young officer to the Due 

 d'Amnale and the falsehood of his denial. As the 

 organixer of democratic reforms in the army he en- 

 joyed a well-earned popularity, which was crowm-d 

 by the law substituting three years' universal service 

 for five yean with exemptions. He courted the ad- 

 miration of the mob, was advertised by pictures and 

 street songs, and when relations with (iermany were 

 strained by the Sclmiibclc incident, deliberately ac- 

 cepted the character of leader of In i; rxncl,, . He re- 

 mained at the War Office during the ministry of M. 

 Goblet, but began to low the stn>|>ort of M. Cle'mcn- 

 ceau and the more a-tute Hadicals, and when M. 

 Koiivier constituted his ministry his name was left 

 out in spite of the threatening ]>opular demand that 

 he should be retained. When he challenge*! M. 

 Ferry to a duel for calling him a "iiuiMc-hall St.- 

 Arnand," he insisted on conditions that showed the 

 pur|M>se of killing the un]x>pular statesman in order 

 to endear himself to the multitude. The turbulent 

 cries for his recall placed him in the altitude ol a 

 revolutionist, and, deserted by the sob-r men Of all 

 parties, he entered into secret alliance with the vari- 

 ous revolutionary . p roiip,H the Intransigent* "f M. do 

 Kochcfort, the LaafM of Patriots of M. Dcrvuli-dc. 



