OHl'lTAHIKS, KolJKHSN'. i l-'m i-i-EL GRAVESRI 



671 



of a London banker, uml was educated in I'niviTHity 



College, London, when In- t"ok his baccalaureate de- 

 gree with hiirh honor* in IMs. lie traveled iii Iiiiliu 

 anil thf British colonies, and then entered his father'* 

 banking house of IMmsdale. Fowler iV C.i., ut' which 

 In- wa- tli' senior partner until It consolidated with a 

 kindred bii-i:ic recently and became Prc-eott, 

 limsdale iV Co. In Isi 1 ,:, lir otteiv.1 himself as a 

 '\ativc candidate fur tin- city ..!' London, w hidi 

 was then represented l>y tour Liberals, lit- repre- 

 sented the ( '.irnisli honiiiirhs of 1'riiryn and Falinniitli 



t'rtMn IM;S till 1^74. when lie was defeated In I**" 

 in- was ch.'.-en its .me of tin- four city membera, and 



when the' representation was reduced to two members 

 lir and Mr. Ilubhard were returned, and lie remained 

 the senior nii-inlier tor London till liis death. He 

 was chosen alderman for the. ward of Cornhill in 

 !>:>. wa-.-hcritl'of London and Middlesex in l*>so M, 

 iind in November, l.ss:i, owing to some dissatisfae- 

 tion with the alderman whose turn it was. he was 

 unexpectedly elected Lord Mayor. His mayoralty 

 was .-iirnali/ed hy the numlier f entertainment.-* that 

 he irave, and stil'l more liy the discontinuance of the 

 otlieial attendance at St. 1'aul's and other forms and 

 ceremonies connecting the municipal government 

 exclusively with the state Church Although a 

 Churchman himself, lie preached <in Sundaxs in 

 various dissenting places of worship. A few months 

 alter the expiration of his year of office, his successor 

 having died, he was airiiin elected by the Court of 

 Aldermen, and after his douMc mayoralty he was 

 made a baronet, lie made a long visit to Australia 

 and New Zealand, and after his return lie resumed 

 his active an, I zealous parliamentary career. In the 

 proceed in if s of the House of Commons he took a 

 prominent part, although he rarely made a set speech, 

 except when the antiquated privileges of the livery 

 and corporation were attacked, or when slavery or 

 the protection of aborigines or other philanthropic 

 objects with which he identified himself came under 

 review, or when the opium question come up, or any 

 of the Indian or colonial subjects that he had taken 

 for his peculiar field of study were under discussion. 

 He was, ap_art from his chosen hobbies, a thorough 

 party politician, and did good service for the Con- 

 servatives by his parliamentary fencing. His part as 

 senior representative of the city of London he per- 

 formed with tact and dignity, winning the esteem of 

 all Parties. The narrative of his earlv travels he 

 published under the title of " A Tour in Japan, China, 

 and India" London, 187G). 



Freppel, Charles E,, a French prelate and statesman, 

 born in Obernai, Alsace, in 1827 ; died in Paris, 

 Dec. 22, 1891. After receivim: priest's orders he be- 

 came Professor of Sacred Eloquence in the theological 

 saciilty at Paris, was Lenten preacher at the Tuilcrics 

 in 1862, and canon of Notre Dame afterward. Called 

 to Rome in 18(5!) to prepare documents to submit to 

 the Council on the question of infallibility, he was 

 nominated Bishop of An.'crs at the end of that year, 

 lie was selected a.-* a Legitimist candidate in Finis- 

 terre after the defeat of MacMahon, and was already 

 a conspicuous public man, one of the ntost widely 

 known of French ecclesiastics, when the voter- of 

 Krest in isso elected him to the Chamberof Deputies. 

 At the time when peace was concluded he addressed 

 an open letter to the King of Prussia, protesting as an 

 Alsatian against the annexation of hi.- native province. 

 He entered into a eont rovcrsN with Kenan when the 

 hitter's "Life of Jesus" was published. In the 

 Vatican Council he defended passionately the doc- 

 trine of I'apal infallibility. On his first entrance 

 into the Chamber the Right would have him ad- 

 d as " Monseigneur" and the Radicals as 

 simplv "Monsieur." M. Floquet found a middle 

 way by saving, "Monnl-nr r<'i-<</n,- //.//). / <i ><t 

 The disputatious representative of the 

 Church militant caught the car of the Chamber with- 

 out ditticulty. and at once took his place us the 

 principal leader of the Clerical force-. He was 

 listened to eagerly by all parties because ho was a 



.mi.' orator, a man of roiniirrlicimive culture, 

 an earne-i patriot, and ullii'wt the onl\ on. 

 < 'huiivinintic advocate- ill reveille who WUA thoroughly 

 familiar with Germany and (ierman <-"iiditi..n.. II T- 

 hp.-e.-hes sparkled with wit and imntfiiiiition. 

 u, i, lull ot' ilnpunsiolied piu-suu'-n. He M an a 

 of tin- oratorical art, and in debute no ..he :,- 

 readx or more cutting in bin retorts, which . . 

 from stint' and always delighted the Chamber with 

 their impromptu it. AiiKHit' hi.- riuiucroiut pub- 

 lished works, Pesides tho..e already mentioned, ure a 

 book on the ii|..-tolic fathers and their epOOB, "m- 

 on Christian elo<)iii-nce in the se<-ond .-enturv. </ne on 

 the Christian ai>olo^j,,t., ,,f that ejux-h, umf a pane- 

 gyric of .loan of Are. 



Gladstone, William Henry, an English politician, boni 

 in ls4i;,lie<l in London. July 4, Is'.'l. He wax the 

 eldest son of William K. Gladstone, and received )ii 

 edik-atioii at Ktmi and Christ Chiin-h, Oxford, where 

 he took honors in classics. From 1W. till ls?4 he 

 was a Lord of the Treasury, having n-pr- 

 Chester in Parliament from .lulv, IsiJ'i, till December, 

 Isiis, ,,nd Wliitby from that date. In April, 1880, he 

 was returned for L'ast Worcestershire, and sat for 

 that constituency till the next dissolution. His 

 father, having become owner of Hawarden in 1874, 

 conveyed it to his son in 1876, and as landlord of this 

 property, cove-ring four square miles, with a rent roll 

 of 18,000 and valuable minerals underlying it, he 

 served on the commission of the peace and for one 

 term as shcriti'of Flintshire. 



Gontcharoff, Ivan Alexeivitch, a Russian novelist, born 

 in the government of Simbirsk in ]*x\ ; died in St. 

 Petersburg, Sept 27,^1891. He attained a great suc- 

 ooai with a novel called "An Ordinary Story" in 

 1858, which he followed up with " Oblomon " in 1859. 

 A third work giving graphic pictures of Russian life 

 in a pure and vivid style is " The Fall," published in 

 1870. As a commissioner in the voyage of the frigate 

 "Pallada" in 18.V2-'54 he wrote a narrative of the 

 circumnavigation of the globe. 



Goodwin, Harvey, an English clergyman, born in 

 King's Lynn in !b!8; died in York,' Nov. 25, 1891. 

 1 1 e was the son of a solicitor, was educated by pri vatc 

 tutors, entered Caius College, Cambridge, 'in 1838, 

 was graduated as second wrangler in 1840, was elected 

 a fellow, and was a tutor in his college, taking priest's 

 orders in 1844, till 1848. when he was presented to 

 the liviiiLf of St. Edward's, Cambridue. w here his ser- 

 mons, characterixed by what came to be known as 

 "muscular Christianity," drew large congregation-. 

 In 1858 he was appointed Dean of Ely, and in 1869 

 he succeeded Dr. Waldegrave as Bishop of Ely. He 

 was able to preach to w orkinir men and other popular 

 audiences with more effect than his fellow-bisnops, 

 was a frequent speaker in the House of Lords, and in 

 all practical questions of the day his influence was 

 felt. He was a distinguished mathematician, and 

 published a "Course of Elementary Mathematics" 

 and treatises on statics and dvnamicn. 



Graetz, Heinrich, a (u-rman Jewish historian, l>orn in 

 Xions, Posen. Oct. "!. 1*71 ; died in Munich. Sept. T. 

 IS'.M. He studied Hebrew in his native town, was 

 s.-nt to the gymnasium at Oldenburg, and thence 

 vent in 1840 to the University of Biv.-lau. where he 

 \\ as graduated in 1844. Two years later he published 

 (Inosticism and Judaism," and in Is.v; was ap- 

 pointed Professor ot' Hiblical Exegesis and Jewish 

 History in the Hebrew seminary at Hreslau. The 

 Prussian Government sent him on a journey of ex- 

 ploration in Asi-i Minor and Etrypt in Is;-.', a'nd fmm 

 th<- documents that he discovered he collected ma- 

 terial for his urcat work on the "History of tin- 

 Jews." He was a prolific writer and the editor of the 

 " Monatsschritf fur (Jeschichtc und Wi.-sensehatl lt-s 

 Judeiithums.'' 



Gravenrenth, Fn-ilu-rr Oarl Ton, a German colonial 

 otlicer, born in RaMaabmv, Dec. 1-J, K>8; died in 

 Huka. Cameroons, Oct. 1'.'. l-'.'l. Tlie -..n of a Bava- 

 rian court olh'cial, he entered the army in 1 V 77. nnd 

 nmi.-Moiied ^d lieut. nnnt in May. 1^7:'. lie 



