OHITTAK1F.S. FOREIGN. (GREEK HARK.) 





with Kniiit ii tlir subject .if tlu- reduction 



..('tin- interest <.ii thr Kiryptiaii debt, were not due t.i 

 l.niil < Iraiu ill.-'s weakness, liiil rather showed his 

 couniLre in shouldering the blame for the errors of a 



tnl Caliiin-t slriviii:.' to st,-,-r throiii.'h parlia- 

 mentary crises and hold the inharmonious elements 

 of tin- party together. Prince Bismarck, who -.poke 

 with undisguised contempt of Lord Grniivillc's for 

 MUII polic\, which In- inudi- his standing' illustration 

 of tin- follies of parliamentarism, ]iri-|ian-d in-w diffi- 

 culties for tlii- British Cabinet nt'trr it had shown its 

 complaisance in regard to . \liirra l'ci|iicna and Cani- 

 iToriis and Marl tiranvilh- found his ingenious picas 

 and diplomatic refinement* unavailing when the 

 a nun colonists of ('a]u- Colony and Australia ac- 



iiini of saeriticintr their interests to tin- Ger- 

 mans on tin- si.uthcast and soiithwrst coasts ot' Africa 

 and in Nc\v Guinea and to tin- French in tin- New 

 lleliri.les. Tlu- cry was cehocd in Great Britain, and 

 to uvn'ul the reproach Lord Granville was compelled 

 to take up an imperial policy of action. The I'cnjdeh 

 surprise, which nearly precipitated a war with Kus- 

 sia. brought his difficulties to a climax, and in consc- 

 jucncc the ministry invited an adverse vote on a 

 financial issue and thus deliberately handed over the 

 Government to the Conservatives in order that they 

 miirht iruard the interests of F.nirland by tlieir ai> 

 jiroved methods. In the following year, Issii, .\Ir. 

 Gladstone was a^ain Premier for six months, but 

 l.ord Granvillc took the Colonial Otliee, letting Lord 

 h'oschcn administer the foreiifii jKilicy in a wav 

 more in'harmony with imperialist ideas'. Although 

 In- was y r.t'i/ia non yrata to the colonists, his admin- 

 istration led to no new difficulties. Lord Granville 

 retained his position of Liberal leader in the Ilouse 

 of Lords to the end of his life, and amid all the per- 

 plexities of his party, whether in office or in opposi- 

 tion, his patience, assiduity, good temper, unfailing 

 tact, and ready wit, smoothed away many difficulties 

 that anise for the Liberals. 



Green, Sir William Kirby, an English diplomatist, 

 born in Nauplia. Greece, in 1836; died in Morocco 

 city. Feb. 25, 1891. Members of his family have held 

 British consular posts in the Levant for generations. 

 His father was Sir John Green, for many years con- 

 sul-general at Bucharest. The son was educated in 

 the East, and in 1856 became secretary to the consul- 

 treneral for Kirypt. In 18.V.I lie became secretary to 

 Sir John Drummond Hay, envoy to Morocco, and for 

 ten years he tilled a variety of consular posts in that 

 country. G>iiur to Tunis'as acting consul-general in 

 1869. and thence to Damascus, Beyrout, and Scutari 

 in succession, he was appointed in" 1879 consul-gen- 

 eral to Montenegro. During the agitation of Bul- 

 garian atrocities and the Eastern question he main- 

 tained in hi.s reports, in common with other consular 

 officials, that the troubles were due as much or more 

 to Christian misdeeds as to faults of the Ottoman 

 1'orfe or Turkish governors, and thus his name cam.- 

 frequently before the public. In 1886 he succeeded 

 Sir John'Drummond Hay as minister to Morocco and 

 consul-general at Tangier. His knowledge of Orien- 

 tal laniriunres was unsurpassed, and his early familiar- 

 ity with Arab life and character and the diplomatic 

 methods of the Moors enabled him to extort various 

 c<>ncessi(ins from the Sultan. He died suddenly while 

 carrying out a special mission to the Moorish court. 

 Gregoroyms, Ferdinand, a German historian and poet, 

 born in Neidi.-nburg. Fast Prussia, .Ian. 19, 1821 ; died 

 in Munich, May 1,1891. The son of a legal magis- 

 trate whose ancestors, of Polish descent, had been 

 Protestant clergymen for several generations, la- 

 studied first theology in the KoniirsVcrir University, 

 and from this turned to literary historv and phllo- 

 soph\. and to the life of past aircs vividly inn 

 on bis mind by the old castle of Ncidenburg rest.-!-.-.! 

 by his father and by the historical traditions of Po- 

 land. His first essay in literature was the romance 

 " Werdomar und \Vladislav aiis tier \V iist<- der IJom- 

 antik " (184f>). His sympathy lor the unhappy Poles 

 impelled him to write a book on the sorrows and 



VOL. xxxi. 43 A 



hope* of their nation entitled I' i Polcn- 



tlllllllh.'' which he intended to follow up with ;, 



work mi Poland. The aspiration* of tin- V 

 al-o attracted hi- sympathy, and in ]-!: hepttblUhed 

 a book on Hungary. In a critical aiiuly - 

 "NVilhelm Mi -i-t.-r." published in the MUM J( 

 unfolded his own soe'ml pliilin.i>|>hy. Soon' I 

 found immersed in the study t,\ I'.. man timcH. In 

 IS.M he published a hist' r\ o!' ihe Km]M-ror Adrian 

 and his e|M-h and a tragedy on the " l>eath of Til - 

 rius." In I^.Vjhe wandered o\.-r < 'orsi.-H in the sum- 

 mer and in the winter he made his flrxt visit to I.'-,m.-. 

 For many years he lived in Italv. and in later life, 

 after l.sT.'i, alternately in Home ami in Munich. Mak- 

 ing himself familiar with every spot in Rome and its 

 vicinity and in all parts of Itiilv, he introduced the 

 method of jireseiitint: M-e in- of Instorv with irraphie 

 detail in tlieir proper landscape^, lli.- de-criptive 

 talent, as well as his skill in antiquarian and histori- 

 cal research. wa> revealed in his hook on "Corsica,-' 

 first published in lsf>4, which in the enlarged* edition 

 is a complete monograph on the island and its 

 people, and their customs, ballads, and dirj.'c-. !; 

 1856 he issued a translation of the poctrv of the 

 popular jioet of Sicily. Giovanni Meli. and the jniem 

 Kujihorion," depicting the destruction of pomjM-ii. 

 His first work on Uome was a little b.Hik describing 

 the tombs of the Popes, with historical comments. The 

 most admired of all his works is the U'anderjahre 

 in Italien," describing the scenery and life of 'Italy 

 and the historical associations of every locality, (if 

 which the first volume appeared in ls."i; under' the 

 title of "Figuren : (JeVehiehte. Lebeii und SeenerieauB 

 Italien." The most learned is his "Gcschichte der 

 Stadt Rom im Mittelalter," relating tlic history of 

 Home from its conquest by the Visigotlis to its oc- 

 cupation by the soldiers ofVharles V. The first two 

 volumes of this great work were published in 1859, 

 and the third in the following year; the eighth and 

 last in 1872. It combines the history of tin- city and 

 its people with that of the Papacy. 'After its comple- 

 tion he published an historical biography. ' Lucrezia 

 Borgia," clearing awav some of the faules connected 

 with her bv the aia of documents discovered in 

 Mantua and Modena. The fifth volume of his 

 " Wanderjahre," dealing with Apulia, appeared in 

 1877. In 1880 he edited the letters of Alexander to 

 Wilhclm von HumboUlt. alter which he undertook a 

 journey to Greece and the Orient. A monograph mi 

 " Athenais" and historical and descriptive 'sketches 

 of Athens, Corfu, Palestine, and other places, a col- 

 lection of which was published in two volumes in 

 1887-'88, were only introductory to his second im- 

 portant work." Geschichtcder Stadt Aflieli im Mittel- 

 alter "(2 vols., 1889). 



Grimwood, Frank St. C., an Anglo-Indian official, 

 born in Kngland about 1*.V> ; died in Manipur, March 

 25, 1891. lie was educated at Winchester school and 



Mcr'oii CoHcL-v. < 'xfonl. and WM appointed to the In- 

 dian service after passim: the open examination in 

 1^71. lie was employed as a district officer in Bell- 

 gal and Assam, and finally was sent to Manipur as 

 political agent. Living there with his wife apart 

 from all Furopcan companionship, he abandoned the 

 still' demeanor usually observed by Fni_dishmen in 

 their relations with natives, and entered into friendly 

 social intercourse with the members of the n-igniiiir 

 family, who fill all the principal posts in the Govern- 

 ment 'at Manipur, and especially with the Sciiaputty. 

 For this reason his advice was disregarded by Mr. 

 Quinton, his superior, who came to depose the Sena 

 putty, and thus resulted the catastrophe in which both 

 lost their lives. 



Hare, Thomas, an Finnish political writer, born in 

 1806; died in London, May ;. ISM. H was called 



to the liar in 1 >:!:',. ac.iuired an eiiuity jiractice. and 

 published rejtorts ami treatises aeallng with this 

 lirancJi of the law. In Is.V! he became a charitv in- 

 spector. A j'amphlet mi "The Machinery of Kep- 

 reselitativc" attracted so much attention in Is.'Ctliut 



the author devoted himself to the preparation >f u 



