<>i; IT I ' \i;ii:s, FOREIGN. 



878 



was iiiiuli- Solicitor-General und afterward Lord Ad 



o was restored liy tin- ( 'oii-er\ uti\ * 



ti> tlir po>t "i l.i 'ril Advocate and entered Parliament 



. inln-r lor Stamford. lie secured the pausing 



of tlif Scottish universities act oi ls.,s, and was 



fhuiriiinii of tin- committee upi>ointcd to bring the 



. into oi .(ration, llr was raised to the 



bench in i*.">s us Lord-Jtutioe clerk, and in IM;T 



was ii|>|M)intfd Lord-. I list ice (ii-ncnil. In tin- twent\ 

 two Years during which lie presided over the Court of 

 11 he added to the reputation o| Scotch justice 

 by hi* irrusp of leiral principles un<l his exaet und 

 comprehensive knowledge of law. His decisions ure 

 cited us hitfh authority in British courts. 



Janssen, Johannes, a German historian, l><>rn in Xun- 

 teii, Kheni.sh Prussia, in 1 >_". ; died in Frankfort, Dee. 

 Jl. 1 ->'.!. His i>riiiei]>ul work wits u '-History of the 

 German People before the Reformation," in which he 

 attempted to refute the Protestant ln-torians of Ger- 

 many by showing that the Germans were prosperous 

 and happy, und rapidly advancing in eivili/atimi, 

 until the ecclesiastieul revolt of the Kct'ornmtiou, and 

 the chaotic- moral und intellectual conditions that re- 

 sulted from it Interrupted the movement. 



Kalakana I, David, King of Hawaii, born Nov. 16, 



iied in San Fruneiseo, Jan. 30, 18!1. He was 



the eldest son of Kepuak'-u and Keohokalole, niece of 



Kamehameha I, and was elected to the throne by the 

 Hawaiian Parliament to succeed Lunalilo 1, on Feb. 

 12, 1874. He was of pure Hawaiian blood, and sprang 

 from a collateral branch of the ancient royal family. 

 He was an intelligent and progressive ruler, who was 

 popular and able to guide the country until his fond- 

 ness for pleasure caused him to neglect his duties and 

 involved him in pecuniary difficulties. A revolution- 

 ary movement in 1887 resulted in his granting a new 

 Constitution which curtailed the royal prerogative. 



Keene, Charles 8., an English comic artist, born in 

 Ilornsey, in 18-23; died in Hammersmith, .Ian. 4, 1891. 

 He received his education in the grammar school in 

 Ipswich, and went into the office of his father, who 

 was a solicitor, but his natural bent for art was so 

 strong that ho was apprenticed to a firm of wood en- 

 gravers, for whom he drew illustrations for" Robinson 

 Crusoe" and other works. After lie left them he 

 contributed drawings to the "Illustrated London 

 News" and to "Once a Week," in which he illus- 

 trated Charles Reade's" The Cloister and the Hearth " 

 and " He would be a Gentleman," and in ls.~>o he 

 bewail to make initials and tail-pieces for " I'uneh." 

 Kxeept in 'a life class he had no instruction in art. 

 After John Leech's death he became one of the prin- 

 cipal " Punch" artists, and was the most popular of 

 them all. His sketches, which wen- drawn with pen 

 and ink, caught the characteristic foibles and types 

 of the common people and the commercial class, 

 and dealt with such ridiculous incidents as are of 

 daily occurrence. 



KingUke, Alircander William, un Ln_ .->, I.. 

 l>rn near TMmtOO.ttoiMtMtahiM.ia 1*11; d 

 London, .luii. J, l-'.'l. Horseman-hip und u . 



Homer were inculcated by hi* mother in hi child- 

 hood. After leaving BtoO College he traveled iii tho 

 He >va cullcil to the bur ill I".'i7 : lUt he fuve 

 little attention t<> the practice of law. brine ti 

 of wealth und able to follow bin literary und jxilitieul 

 ambitions. " Kothen.' 1 a volume of tri-h and viva- 

 cious sketches nt tra\el, the fruit of hi* nr*t journey 

 in the La.- 1. he withheld from publication lor nine 

 years. When it appeared, in 1M4. in its revised and 

 polished form, the author'* reputation wax at once 

 established amon^ cultivated renders. Kingla 

 tered Parliament in l s ',7 U-H a Liberal reprcscntiii;. r 

 Bridgcwatcr, a borough in his own county. li 

 hardly sat in the hou.se a sear when he moved an 

 amendment to the conspiracy act in a h|iceeh marked 

 li\ eloquence and forcible rea.-oning, which fuile<l of 

 their due etlect by rcu.-on of the 'cehleiiess of hi*. 

 voice ami his unimpressive manner. The-e def.-ets. 

 prevented him from taking the hij_'h place that he 

 hoped to achieve, lie was the champion of tin- crew 

 of the ' Cairliari '' who had fallen into the ha 1 

 the tyrannical Government of Naples, and of the 

 crew of the "Charles and George" di tained by the 

 Portuguese in violation of international law, and in 

 other cases came forward as an assailant of injustice 

 and oppression. The acte of Na]>olcon III were ofu u 

 the subject of his denunciations, which were din-etcd 

 against the annexation of Nice and Savoy in 1860 

 with special vehei^cnec. Kinglake wus u friend of 

 Lord Kaglan, the commuiiiler-in chief of the English 

 for, -is in the Crimea, and as a student of military 

 science he accompanied the invading army, was 

 present at the battle of Alma, und watched the curlier 

 development of tho siege operations at Sevastopol. 

 Already in 1845 he had obtained a practical acquaint- 

 ance with warfare by riding with tlie ttyinir columns 

 of St. Arnaud in Algeria and witnessing the d 

 tating campaign atraitist the Kabyles and Arabs. 

 Naturally Lady Raglan selected him to be the histo- 

 rian of her husband's deeds, confiding to his hands in 

 IsVi all the letters and papers in her |M>sscssion relat- 

 ing tothc Russian war. His " History of the Crimean 

 War," which is a memoir and panegyric of the Brit- 

 ish commander as well us a history of j>olitical and 

 military events, completely occupied half his life. 

 The first volumes appeared in 18H3, and the last, vol- 

 ume only a few years before his death. 



Kruedener, Baron Nicholas Pavlovich, a Russian soldier, 

 born in Livonia in 1M-J; died in Warsaw, li 

 descended from a noble family of the Baltic prov- 

 in.-cs, and was educated for the'militury profession in 

 the Nicholas Engineering School. In the i 

 Turkish campaign, at the head of the !'th Army Coriw, 

 he took the almost impregnable fortress of Nu-opolis, 

 on the Danube, on July !.">, 1>77. Previous to this he 

 had directed the bombardment of Nicopolis, and exe- 

 cuted the feint by which the Turks were induced to 

 concentrate at this jxiint while the Itiis-ian.- crossed 

 the river, on June _'''. at Sistova. His laurels were 

 dimmed for a time by the panicky retreat of the 

 Russians from Osmtin Pasha at Plevna, which re- 

 sulted in their bcinir besieged for four months. Bv- 

 yond the Balkans he gained fresh renown, and led 

 the force that occupied Philipj*'ix>lis. 



Knenen, Abraham, a Dutch Biblical scholar, liorn in 

 Haarlem, Sept. \<\. l-'Js; .lic.l in Ley.leii. Dec. in. l->-.ii. 

 He passed th.iiuu'h the (Gymnasium at Haarlem. 

 studied theology at the I'pivcrsity ot Levdeii from 

 184tJ till 1851, and liavinir made 'a reputation as a 

 Hebrew scholar was appointed extraordinary j 

 or in 1853 and Profc.-sor of Theologv in 1>.V>. His 

 "Liber (u-ncscos'' (ls.->i) and his "Liber Exodi ct 

 Levitiei" were based on the study of a Samaritan 

 version of the Pentateuch. A minute and n. 

 gable examination und comparison of the t-v 

 him to conclusions different Irom those of Ewald unl 

 the TubiiiLrcii school. 11 i> irreat work entitlea in 

 English - A Historico-Critical Investigation of tho 



