676 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (LABASTIDA MACEDO COSTA.) 



Origin and Collection of the Books of the Old Testa- 

 ment" (1861-'65) marked a new departure in the 

 method and results of Biblical investigation ; and it 

 was greeted as an important contribution to theologi- 

 cal science even by those who rejected his conclu- 

 sions. Dr. Colenso, whose opinions as to the age of 

 the Pentateuch were confirmed, translated the first 

 part into English. The whole work was translated 

 into German and French, and liberal theologians 

 everywhere accepted it as a panoply for the fight. Ot 

 scarcely less influence were his subsequent works on 

 "The Worship of Israel till the Overthrow of the 

 Jewish State"' and " The Prophets and Prophecies 

 of Israel," both of which have been rendered into 

 English. All three works tend to bring out in relief 

 the connection between Judaism and the surrounding 

 nations and the historical continuity of the national 

 life. Dr. Kuenen presided over the sixth Interna- 

 tional Oriental Congress in 1883, and he received all 

 the honors that the university could bestow on him. 



Labastida y Davalos, Pelagic Antonio de, Archbishop 

 of Mexico, born in Morelia in October, 1815; died in 

 the city of Mexico, Feb. 5, 1891. lie studied for the 

 priesth'ood in the seminary of his native place, re- 

 ceived holy orders in 1839, and was consecrated 

 Bishop of Michoacan in 1855. He was a strong Con- 

 servative in politics, and when the Liberals triumphed 

 in 1857 he went to Rome, where he was consecrated 

 Archbishop of Mexico by the Pope. In 1859, when 

 the Conservatives obtained the ascendancy, he re- 

 turned, and was active in the movement for calling 

 Maximilian to Mexico as Emperor. He officiated at 

 the coronation, and exercised a strong influence on 

 the political events of the empire. Juarez exiled him 

 in 1867, and he lived in Rome and elsewhere until he 

 was allowed to return in 1871. Afterward he again 

 acquired much political influence, becoming a friend 

 and adviser of President Diaz. 



Laveleye, Entile Louis de, a Belgian political econo- 

 mist, born in Bruges, April 5, 1822; died in Doyon, 

 near Liege, Jan 3, 1891. He studied in the Athe- 

 naeum at Bruges and in the College Stanislas at Paris, 

 and went through the course of law at the University 

 of Ghent. He devoted himself to politics and the 

 study of economy and government. In 1864 be be- 

 came Professor of Political Economy at the Lie"ge 

 University. He did not enter the Chamber, though 

 he was an active and influential supporter of tne 

 Liberal party, defending its policy in Belgian and 

 French journals. He was a regular contributor to the 

 " Revue des deux Mondes," arid a voluminous author 

 on many subjects, publishing, among other works, 

 " Me'moire sur la Langue et la Litte'rature Proven- 

 C,ales" (1844); " Histoire des Rois Francs" (1847); 

 " L'Enseigncment Obligatoire " (1859) ; " La Question 

 d'Or" (1860); "Questions Contemporaines " (1863); 

 "Etudes et Essais" (1869). 



Lebel, Nicolas, a French inventor, born in Angers, 

 Aug. 18, 1838 ; died in Vitre, June 6, 1881. He entered 

 the military academy of St. Cyr in 1855 ; was com- 

 missioned sub-lieutenant in 1857, lieutenant in 1863, 

 and captain in 1869 ; fought in the war of 1870, and 

 was taken a prisoner to Germany after Sedan. Ap- 

 pointed chief of battalion in 1876, he was shortly 

 afterward placed in charge of the rifle school near 

 Tours. Promoted lieutenant-colonel in 1883, his ex- 

 perience with fire-arms caused him to be placed on 

 the commission appointed by Gen. Thibaudin, Min- 

 ister of War, to discover a new form of rifle for the 

 French infantry. The commission reported in favor 

 of replacing the Gras rifle with a weapon of small 

 caliber, but found no magazine apparatus that it could 

 recommend. While directing the Normal School ot 

 Rifle Practice at Chalons he was nominated on a new 

 commission, of which Gen. Tramond was chief, and 

 Col. Gras and Col. Bonnet were members. This one 

 recommended a repeating rifle called the Tramond- 

 Lebcl, model of 1886, chiefly after his design, with 

 which the army is now supplied, the manufacture 

 having been begun in December t\f that year. He 

 was promoted colonel on Jan. 13, 1887, and in 1890, 



owing to a chronic affection of the heart, he asked to 

 be retired, and was appointed receiver of taxes at 

 Vitre'. Before he left tne army he was made a com- 

 mander of the Legion of Honor. 



Lefroy, Edward Cracroft, an English clenryman, born 

 in Westminster, March 29, 1855; died in Blackheath, 

 Sept. 19, 1891. He was a grandnephew of Jane Aus- 

 ten, and his great-grandfather and grandfather were 

 successively rectors of Ashe, near Basingstoke. His 

 early education was received at Blackheath Proprie- 

 tary School, and he was graduated at Keble College, 

 Oxford, in 1877, taking orders the next year. His 

 first curacy was at St. Mary's, Lambeth, where his 

 sermons attracted the notice of the Archbishop of 

 Canterbury. Later he held curacies at St. John's, 

 Woolwich, and St. German's, Blackheath. His health 

 failing, he gave up church work and devoted himself 

 to teaching. He wrote many reviews for the " Globe" 

 and the " Guardian," and in 1883 published a volume 

 of sermons entitled " The Christian's Ideal." His other 

 works are a volume of sonnets entitled " Echoes from 

 Theocritus" (1885) and "Counsels for the Common 

 Life" (1885). 



LeVy, Calmann, a French publisher, born about 1820; 

 died in Paris, June 18, 1891. He became in 1844 the 

 partner of his brother Michel, who began business as 

 a bookseller in 1836. Devoting themselves especially 

 to the publication of dramatic literature, they ex- 

 tended their business, when their store iii the 

 Boulevard des Italiens became a lounging place 

 for Parisian journalists and authors, and became the 

 publishers of several periodicals, including the " Uni- 

 vers Illustre\" " Entracte," and " Bons Romans." The 

 death of Michel Levy, in 1875, left Calmann sole 

 proprietor of the immense business. It was said that 

 his publications, including plays, numbered 2,000,000 

 volumes. His imprint was a guarantee not only of 

 fair literary quality, but of decorum, and with the 

 naturalistic school ne would have no dealings. He 

 was prominent in the Hebrew religious community, 

 and was made a knight of the Legion of Honor in 

 1878. He left a great fortune. 



Litolff, Henri, a Trench composer, born in London in 

 1818; died in Colombo, near Paris, Aug. 6, 1891. He 

 was the son of a French father and an English 

 mother, and was a favorite pupil of Moscheles, but 

 went to France and married at the age of eighteen : 

 became known as a pianist in Paris in 1839 ; gained 

 fame in Belgium and Germany ; and composed the 

 overture to ' Catherine Howard," and other works 

 that found appreciation. In the midst of a brilliant 

 success in London in 1846, he was prosecuted by the 

 family of his deceased wife and fined heavily. Not 

 being able to pay, he was kept in prison till he made 

 his escape in 1850, and married the widow of a musi- 

 cal publisher in Hamburg, where he began to issue 

 the famous collection of music that bears his name. 

 He deserted his wife, who afterward got a divorce, 

 gave concerts in various places, and married, in 1860, 

 a daughter of Count Wilfrid de la Rochefoucauld. 

 During his erratic career he composed an oratorio, 

 half a dozen operas, and numerous smaller pieces. 

 He was a brilliant pianist, and a composer of original 

 genius and scientific knowledge. 



Long, Edwin, an English artist, born in 1839; died 

 in London. May 15, 1891. He handled subjects of 

 Oriental antiquity and of classical and early Chris- 

 tian times, and his works, if deficient in artistic 

 quality and technique, were dramatically impressive 

 and pleasing. One of his earliest successes was the 

 " Babylonian Marriage Market," painted in 1875, 

 which was followed in 1877 by the equally popular 

 " Egyptian Feast." Some of his late works are 

 " Diana or Christ," painted in 1881 ; " Anno Domini," 

 exhibited in 1883 ; and " Pharaoh's Daughter," 

 shown in 1886. He became an academician in 1881. 



Macedo Costa, Monsignor da, a Brazilian prelate, 

 born in Margongipe, July 5, 1836; died in the mid- 

 dle of April, 1891. He completed his studies with 

 honor in the Seminary of St. Sulpice in Paris, and 

 was consecrated Bishop of Balem and Para at the 



