686 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (SMITH TAMASESE.) 



secretary of the Gran archbishopric. Tn 1851 he 

 was called into the Ministry of Education as director 

 of ecclesiastical affairs for Hungary. In 1857 he was 

 consecrated Bishop of Kaab. In 1867 he was ap- 

 pointed Archbishop of Gran and Primate of Hun- 

 gary. His first important official act was to crown 

 the Emperor Franz Josef King of Hungary. In 1873 

 he was made a cardinal. He disposed of large reve- 

 nues, spending an annual average of 2,500,000 florins 

 for church buildings, education, and charity, from 

 the time of his appointment to the See of Eaab till 

 his death. The cardinal was rough and outspoken 

 and of a determined disposition. The last year of 

 his life was imbittered by his quarrel with the Gov- 

 ernment on the subject of the baptism of children of 

 mixed marriages, in which the parish clergy refused 

 to follow his dictates, and left, him helpless when he 

 tried to effect a compromise. 



Smith, William Henry, an English statesman, born in 

 London, June 24, 1825; died at Walmer Castle, Oct. 

 6, 1891. He was the son of William Henry Smith, 

 who established in the Strand a business for distrib- 

 uting newspapers and periodicals, which passed into 

 his own hands, and grew to enormous proportions in 

 connection with the sale of books and periodicals at 

 the railroad stations that became almost a monopoly 

 in his hands. At the age of forty he found time to 

 gratify his ambition for political honors. He pre- 

 sented himself as a Conservative candidate in 1865 

 for the representation of Westminster, where his 

 business was situated, and though he was opposed by 

 John Stuart Mill and one of the Grosvenor family, 

 which owned a great part of Westminster, both mem- 

 bers of the Liberal party, which had always been in 

 the ascendancy in Westminster, he ran behind only 

 about 700 votes. In 1868 the conditions were changed 

 by the reform bill, which had been opposed by the 

 Duke of Westminster, and had operated favorably to 

 the Conservatives in most London constituencies. In 

 that year Mr. Smith was returned at the head of the 

 poll, while the Duke of Westminster's relative came 

 in second, and Mr. Mill last. It was considered a great 

 party victory to win a seat in the stronghold of Lib- 

 eralism, and therefore he took at once a prominent 

 position in the Conservative ranks, the more so be- 

 cause he was a man of the people, not one of the aris- 

 tocratic Tories, and represented the democratic tend- 

 encies suited to the enlarged borough franchise. 

 When he first turned his attention to politics he was 

 a Whig, and he became a Tory because the Reform 

 Club was too exclusive to receive a man engaged in 

 the retail trade. In Parliament he had many oppor- 

 tunities of displaying his political sagacity and pusi- 

 ness capacity without making himself obtrusively 

 conspicuous. He was prominent before the public 

 also as an active-member of the first London School 

 Board, and in 1874 he was returned for Westminster 

 by a majority of nearly three to one. Mr. Disraeli, 

 who had already marked him out as the middle-class 

 representative that he needed to strengthen his Cab- 

 inet, made him Financial Secretary of the Treasury, 

 and in 1877 promoted him to the place of First Lord of 

 the Admiralty, in which he made a good record. 

 When his party was swept out of power in the gen- 

 eral election for 1880 he retained his seat, and while in 

 Opposition he spoke, not often, but effectively, on 

 financial, naval, and business questions, criticising 

 the Government severely in 1884 for not keeping the 

 navy in a condition to meet the growing demands 

 upon it. When Lord Salisbury formed a Cabinet in 

 1885 he made Mr. Smith Secretary for War. On the 

 resignation of Sir William Hart Dyke as Chief Secre- 

 tary for Ireland he accepted the post, but the Gov- 

 ernment was overturned not a week after his transfer. 

 On the formation of Lord Salisbury's second Cabinet, 

 in the summer of 1886. he returned to his former place 

 as Secretary ot State for War, and again he had not 

 sufficient opportunity to direct his business talent to 

 the reorganization of this great spending department, 

 for the resignation of Lord Eandolph Churchill made 

 Mr. Goschen Chancellor of the Exchequer, while the 



leadership of the House was given to Mr. Smith, with 

 the office of First Lord of the Treasury, the one usu- 

 ally held by the Prime Minister. Many Conserva- 

 tives looked on Mr. Smith's rapid rise unfavorably,, 

 and mistrusted his capabilities as leader of the 

 House of Commons, for he made no pretensions to 

 eloquence and lacked every element of the distin- 

 guishing culture of the English statesman. Notwith- 

 standing this, he was remarkably successful as the 

 leader of the party, and by his plain honesty, lucid 

 explanations, moderation of speech, absence of bitter 

 partisanship, and suavity he won the respect of both 

 sides of the House. On the death of Lord Granville 

 the Queen appointed him Warden of the Cinq Ports, 

 which gave him the right to occupy Walmer Castle. 



Springer, Anton, a German historian and critic, born 

 in 1825; died in Leipsic, May 81, 1891. He was a 

 professor in the University of Leipsic, and the author 

 of works of high repute on the history of art, among 

 them a hand-book of the history of the fine arts, a 

 review of the history of art in the nineteenth century, 

 and a study of Eaphael and Michael Angelo. He 

 also published a " History of Austria since the Con- 

 gress of Vienna." 



Steel, Sir John, a Scotch sculptor, born in Aberdeen 

 in 1804; died in Edinburgh, Sept. 15, 1891. He was 

 educated in Edinburgh, studied art for several years, 

 in Rome, returned to Scotland in 1833, and acquired 

 an immediate reputation through his colossal design 

 of " Alexander taming Bucephalus," which has only 

 recently been cast in bronze and erected in Edin- 

 burgh. He made the statue of Queen Victoria for 

 the Koyal Institution in Edinburgh, the statue of 

 Sir Walter Scott for the Scott monument in that city, 

 the medallion portrait of Scott in Westminster Abbey, 

 and statues and busts of many eminent people. He 

 made a statue of Robert Burns for the city of New 

 York. One of his most famous works is the eques- 

 trian statue of the Duke of Wellington, in Edinburgh,, 

 and the most elaborate is the Scottish national 

 memorial of Prince Albert, at the unveiling of which, 

 in 1876, he received the order of knighthood. 



Sullivan, Barry, an English tragedian, born in Bir- 

 mingham in 1824; died in Brighton, May 3,1891. He 

 made his first appearance on the boards at Cork in 

 1840, joined soon afterward the company of the 

 Theatre Koyal in Edinburgh, and after remaining 

 there for several seasons traveled through the prov- 

 inces. His first London appearance was at the Hay- 

 market in 1851 as Hamlet, in which he scored a suc- 

 cess. His reputation grew, and when he went to the 

 United States and Canada in 1857 he was received 

 with enthusiasm, and did not return to England until 

 1860._ A year later he went to Australia, where he 

 remained five years, meeting with an extraordinary 

 greeting in every city. In Melbourne he played for 

 1,000 nights. Returning to England by way of 

 India in 1866, he afterward appeared in Shakespearean 

 characters, and for some time was the lessee of IIol- 

 born Theatre. Of late years he has played mostly in 

 provincial towns. 



Sutherland, John, an English sanitarian, born about 

 1820; died in Norwood, July 14, 1891. He was edu- 

 cated for a physician and practiced for a short period 

 in Liverpool, where he became known to the public 

 as a sanitary reformer through the " Health of Towns 

 Journal," which he edited. In 1848 he entered the 

 Government service under the first Board of Health. 

 He was a representative of Great Britain at the Paris 

 Conference of 1851 to regulate quarantine law. In 

 1855 he was engaged in carrying into effect the law 

 abolishing intramural interments, and was afterward 

 placed at the head of a commission sent to the Crimea 

 to inquire into the health of the troops. He served 

 on a commission on the sanitary condition of the 

 British army in 1858 and on one on the army in India 

 in18<53, suggested important improvements in barracks 

 and hospitals, and was engaged in carrying out this 

 work till his retirement, in 1888. 



Tamasese, ex-King of Samoa, bom about 1830 ; died 

 in Lulilufi, April 17, 1891. When the Germans at- 



