LVAXIA. 



715 



Tin- net increase- in number <if districts fur the 

 was 1'J: in number cf schools, 519: in 

 numlx-r of graded schooU. lini; de.-ivase in 

 number of male teachers. ,'!! : increase in num- 

 f female leacher>. Hi:!; in salary of male 

 teachers, ?:(; in salary of female teachers. -30; 

 in school term in month-. -:is ; in number ..f 

 pupils. 4.oi;2 : in cost of tuition, $838,706.08 ; in 

 "f building, purchasing, and renting, 

 * |."> |.-J r.i.-JT ; in cost of fuel, contingencies, drht. 

 and interest paid, $1 I '..V,' 70.53. In the 13 normal 

 schools the total number of male students was 

 11,417; >f female students. 4,1 is ; number of 

 male students in the normal department, 2,678 ; 

 <>f female students, 8,837 ; of doys and girls in 

 the model schools, 1.537; number graduated in 

 the elementary course, 094; graduated in the. 

 scientific course, 5; number who intend to be- 

 come teachers males 547. females. .V.>0; num- 

 ber who have received aid from State as students 

 males l.Ci'.MJ. females 2.31S; number who have 

 received State aid as graduates males 285, fe- 

 males ;!!s. The value of buildings and grounds 

 is estimated at $1.947.303.97, and the total value 

 of property, including turniturc. libraries, musi- 

 cal instruments, apparatus, etc., $2,410,504.30. 

 The amount of debts was 12,198,66848, and the 

 cost of improvements and expenses $200,125.21. 

 The income amounted to $077,544.10. of which 

 sOi'i.'-.ViO came from State appropriations; the 

 total expenditure was $020,012.99. The superin- 

 tendent reports that in many counties the di- 

 rectors are regularly organized in convention, 

 and meet statedly to consider the best solutions 

 of the problems before them. He recommends a 

 lengthening of the school term in the short- 

 term districts, the minimum now being twenty- 

 four weeks, and a law for compulsory education. 

 On this point he says, that while the population 

 of the State has increased within the decade 

 alwut 23 per cent., and that of the cities nearly 

 43 per cent., the increase in the public schools is 

 but 11 per cent. lie also recommends the intro- 

 duction of manual training (see MANUAL TRAIN- 

 ISO SCHOOLS in this volume), and the providing 

 of free text-books. The number of schools sup- 

 plying them has increased from 1,517 in 1890 to 

 1.908 in 1891. In reference to appropriations 

 for the public schools, he says: "Wlien the 

 framers of the Constitution of 1873 provided 

 that at least $1.000,000 should be appropriated 

 each year to the public schools, the generous 

 sum was regarded as excessive by the opponents. 

 and was highly commended by the friends of 

 the schools as almost unprecedented in lilx-rality. 

 It required fifteen years to double that sum. The 

 General Assembly of 1891 has shown its appre- 

 ciation of the schools, and its expectation as well. 

 by making the annual appropriation five times 

 the sum named in the Constitution." 



The Governor's Inniuriiral. Gov. Pattison 

 was inaugurated on Jan. 20. In his address In- 

 advised legislation to guard the people against 

 the encroachments of corporations. He advo- 

 cated the Australian ballot system as a remedy 

 for abuses of the suffrage, and urged the early 

 calling of a constitutional convention to remove 

 from the Constitution the provision requiring 

 every ballot to be marked for identification, and 

 the provision that non-registration shall not de- 

 bar an elector from voting. 



In diM-u-Miig taxation, he said hotiM* and 

 farm* bear a viiMl y dif*pro|M,ri i< : -if the 



burden, while penowu pr|M-rty and id..- capitnl 

 largely ewajM- their fhare. The tax on i .,r|.iH- 

 M-II-. which is just and ea-dy collected, and the 

 collateral-inheritance tax. lurni.-h .-nflirieiit rev- 

 enue for State expenses. It U us t hen-fore KO- 

 ommended that all other taxes and . 

 charges Ix- remitted to the counties. Th- 

 of .M.-rcantile Appraisers should !* nilih<d. 

 lie suggested that the State Tn-a-un-r : 

 hcved from the dangerous discretion of x-licting 

 the places of deposit .,f public funds, and I hut 

 the money lie disposed of by law. Among other 

 changes suggested were rca[>|>ortioiiriii-nt of the 

 State, an effective civil service in the State ap- 

 pointments, the substitution of salaries for f. .-, 

 the inspection and regulation of State and pri- 

 vate banks, and an extension of ihe jxiwer of the 

 Auditor-General KO as to include within his au- 

 dit all the State accounts, and the rigid enforce- 

 ment of the law referring to the investment of 

 the sinking-fund money. The mining code 

 should be revised in such manner as will insure 

 the payment of damages in cose of injury or Joss 

 arising from the neglect or parsimony of the 

 mine-owner. 



Legislative Session. The Legislature began 

 its biennial session in January, and adjourned 

 on May 28. It passed 414 measures, of which 

 12 were recalled before the Governor had passed 

 upon them. Of the 402 remaining the Governor 

 signed 317 and vetoed 85. Among those passed 

 were the following : 



Submitting the question of a constitutional con- 

 vention to the people at the November election. 



Providing for ballot reform. 



To relieve employes t'r>m certain prosecutions and 

 punishments for conspiracy under common law or un- 

 der the criminal law. 



Providing for the formation of the border-raid com- 

 mission. 



K.\ tending the jurisdiction of the courts in cases of 

 divorce. 



Securing the rights <>f subcontractors to lile mc- 

 chnnic-s' liens, nnd preventing interference with this 

 liirht by contractors. 



To i-reate a bankinjr department. 



Appropriating $10,000 for the completion of the 

 publication of the geological survey. 



Authorizing married women to organize corpora- 

 tions and to be officers thereof. 



Keauiring registn asM-ni-> to visit in JHTSOII every 

 dwelling-house in their election districts or divisions 

 on the first Mondays of May and December of each 

 year, or as soon thereafter as practicable. This is in- 

 tended to prohibit the assessor from taking up the 

 transcript or list of voters of the previous usscsstm-nt. 

 An entirely new registration is to be made. 



The appropriat ion bills for 1*91 and 1802 ag- 

 gregated alK.ut $13.800.000, of which tin 

 ernor vetoed items to the amount of $1.' 

 The largest item of the appropriation was $10.- 

 000,000 for public schools. The increase in State 

 expenses for the two years is alnmt $150.000. 



Among important bills vetoed was one for com- 

 pulsory education. Acts for reapj>ortionment of 

 Assembly and congressional districts, to con- 

 tinue till the reapportionmeiit directed by law 

 to follow the next decennial census, and a bill 

 for r.-ap|)ortionment of judicial district- 

 also vetoed. AII act authori/.ing citiesof the State 

 to change, alter, beautify, and improve unpnved 



