IVIA. 



789 



all Servian- over twenty-one years of up- win. 

 > dinars in direct taxes. The reigning King 

 is . \lexandcr I, horn Aug. 24. 1N7U. son of King 

 Milan Obrenovieh IN'. \vli<> abdicated on March 

 <:. 1889, and of Queen Natalie, bom in IS.V.I.daugh- 

 ler of Col. Keehko.of I he Russian Imperial (iiiard, 

 from \vlioni King Milan obtained a decree of di- 

 \oivc <>n (id. '.'I. IKM8. on the glOMIMl <>f incom- 

 iiatiliilily, from Archbishop TheodosilU, which 

 hi- successor. Archbishop Michael, declared to bo 

 contrary ti> the Church ciinoiis. although after- 

 ward he ivfu-ed to have the dhorce formally set 

 aside liy the Synod as null and void. During the 

 minority of tin- King the (ioveniinent is carried 

 on liy a regene\ consisting of .Jovnii Kistich. (ien. 

 .1. Beli-Marcovich. and den. K. S. 1'rotich. The 

 ministry in the beginning of 1891 WM-OOflUpOMCJ 

 of the following nieinhers : President of the 

 Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Gen. 

 SavaGruich: Minister of Finance, Dr. M. Vuich.; 

 Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, K. Tau- 

 .shanovich: lunister of the Interior, J. Djata ; 

 Minister of War ail in'i'rini, (ien. Gruich ; Min- 

 ister of Public Instruction and Worship. A. Ni- 

 kolich ; Minister of Justice, M. Djoidievicli ; 

 Minister of Public Works, M. Jossimovicn. 



Area and Population. The area of the 

 kingdom is 48,5*!) square kilometres, or 18.K") 

 square miles. The population in 1891 was esti- 

 mated at 2. 102. T.V.I, mm posed of 1,110.731 males 

 and 1.052.028 females. The mass of the people 

 are of the Servian nice and adhere to the Greek 

 Orthodox Church. The number of marriages in 

 1890 was 21.555; of births, 87,018; of deaths, 

 54.T2:!: excess of births. :;2.295. Belgrade, the 

 capital, had 54,4f>8 inhal)itants in 1890. 



rinancos. The budget for 1891 makes the 

 total receipts of the Government 56,527,084 di- 

 nars or francs, of which 21.214.247 dinars are 

 raised by direct taxation; 8.600,000 dinars are 

 the receipts from customs: 2,077.500 dinars are 

 obtained from the tobacco, spirit, and salt taxes; 

 2,250.000 dinars are judicial fees; 10,110.000 di- 

 nars are the yield of the state monopolies: 8,- 

 070.000 dinars are t ho earnings of domains, post*, 

 telegraphs, etc. : 5.000.000 dinars are derived 

 from the state railroad; 931, 954 dinars are the 

 profits of the state mortgage bank; and 7,673,- 

 :>s:> dinars come from various other sources. The 

 total expenditures were estimated at 59.525. MM 

 dinars, of which 19.900.880 dinars represent the 

 expenses of the debt, 1.200,000 dinars the civil 

 list. 1.998.S06 dinars pensions and dotations, 8.- 

 652,884 dinan the expenditure of the Ministry 

 of Education. 4.947.755 dinars those of the Min- 

 istry of Finance. 2.042.037 dinars those of the 

 Ministry of the Interior. 1,183.313 dinars those 

 >f the Ministry >>f Foreign Affairs. 9.7:'.9.113 di- 

 nars those of the Ministry of War. 4.202.541 di- 

 nars those of the Ministry of Public. Works. ::.- 

 604,087 dinan those of the Ministry of Agricult- 

 ure and Commerce. 1. IS]. 593 dinars those of the 

 Ministry of Justice. ::i::.l55diirirs thecost of the 

 Legislature and State Council. 37<i.225 dinars 

 general expenses of Government, and :>>'j:!.5i!4 

 dinars miscellaneous expenditures. 



The debt on .Ian. 1. 1 S 91. amounted to the capi- 

 tal sum of 3:!o.~>io ~:\.\ dinars, viz., railroad loans 

 amounting to 1 .YJ.. ;.">:!. 000 dinars, a Ru-si:m debt 

 of 8.704.784 dinars, a loan of (5.782.500 dinars 

 raised to indemnify emigrating land-owners, a 



lottery loan of 82.135.000 di mint, a loan of 80.. 

 774,000 dinars raided in June, IKS}.,.,,, 

 :ior,,.'iO<i dinar- raised in dcioin-r. 1880, and ul>- 

 se<|iient loans of li.COO.OOO dinars f<.r wh;e|, ih.- 

 salt revenue i- pledged. 9.92K.OOO dinars |*,r- 

 rowed on the security of the tobacco 

 and 4li.HT7.fXK) dinars on the other BM 



Tlu Ami)'. The Kadical party, when it 

 jiliK-ed in po\M-r by the M.les of the riinil f^.pn- 

 latioii in lssi. pn'inised to alx,|i.>h the .-tunding 

 army and establish a militia sv-h n. 

 have IMM-II taken t<. carry out this pledge. The 

 law of Jan. :tl, 1SH9, makes service obligator). 

 It begins at the age of twenty-one and lu-t- ..n.- 

 year in the active army, nine years in the p 

 and ten years in each of tlie two bans of the na- 

 tional militia. In CMC < f mobilization the active 

 army and its re-crve are exjiected to furnish 5 di- 

 visions, each comprising :{ regiments of 4 battal- 

 ions of infantry, 1 battalion of foot guards, 1 regi- 

 ment of artillery divided into 2 sections of 4 bat- 

 teries each, and 1 company of engineers, besides 

 the commissary, train, ambulance and hospital 

 services, etc. Ontsideof the division formations 

 there are 8 regiments of cavalry. 1 ban. 

 mounted artillery, 9 mountain batteries, engi- 

 neers, sappers, railroad and telegraph troops, siege 

 and fortress artillery, etc. The fir>t ban of the 

 militia ought to furnish in time of war 15 regi- 

 ments of infantry, 5 regiments of artillery, 5 sec- 

 tions of cavalry, and its complement of auxiliary 

 troops, and the second ban should COHMM <!' 

 about 60 battalions of infantry. The approxi- 

 mate strength of the active army and its rc.-crvc 

 i- estimated at 70,000 infantry, :V>00 cavalry. 7.- 

 (,00 artillery, and 8,500 engineers, etc.. making 

 84,000 men, without counting train and non- 

 combatants. The strength of the militia, ex- 

 clusive of auxiliary services, is 70.000 infantry. 

 1,000 cavalry, 2,000 artillery, and 500 eiig : 

 or in all 78,500 fighting men. 



Commerce. The farmers of Servia own tin- 

 land they cultivate. More than half the area of 

 the kingdom is under grain or vines. Large 

 quant it ies of prunes are grown, the product in 

 1^8 having amounted to 25.000 tons and the 

 export to 16,942 tons. Pigs are raised in great 

 number for export and fattened on acorns, which 

 are very abundant. The imports in 1MM) \\iic 

 valued at 38.045.000 dinars, of which 

 dinars came from Austria-HiiiiLai \. L688vGOO 

 dinars from Great Britain. 2>>.i ' >' dinars fr< m 

 Germany, 1.622.000 dinars from America, aid 

 the rest from Bulgaria. Turkey. Kiis-ia. If- u- 

 mania, Switzerland, and other countries. The 

 total value of the exports wa- 4'>>4 1.000 dinars, 

 of which 89.398.000 dinars went to Austria-Hun- 

 gary. 3,188,000 dinars to Turkey, and the next 

 largest amount, viz.. 81 1.000 dinars, to Germany. 

 Of the imports. 4.1 19.000 dinars coiiHsiid of co- 

 lonial goods, 7.649.000 dinars of cotton manufact- 

 ures. 2.715.000 dinars of woolens, and 3.44>.o( o 

 dinars of metals. In the total value of exports 

 18.000,000 dinars represent the exports of field 

 and orchard produce, and an equal sum those of 

 live animals and animal products. 



Communications. The principal railroad. 

 rr.nniiiL' from Helirmde to Vranja. has a length 

 of :!(>7 kilometres, and the three branches make 

 the total length 540 kilometres. The telegraph 

 lines in 1889 had a length <1 2.912 kiloi: 



